/
BiasNormalPlot.R
155 lines (111 loc) · 3.55 KB
/
BiasNormalPlot.R
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
# Set narrow margins for these graphics:
margins<-c(4,4,2,1)
###############################################################
# Make a normal plot with a biased plot of similar shape just below it:
###############################################################
png(filename="biasednormalplots.png", res=300, bg="white", type="quartz", pointsize=12, width=6, height=6, units="in")
par(new=FALSE)
par(mar=margins)
ub=4
lb=-5
sd=1
xlabel="Value of some parameter X"
ylabel="Likelihood of value X occurring"
mean=0
linecolor="blue"
fillcolor="gray"
x <- seq(lb,ub,length=200)*sd + mean
hx <- dnorm(x,mean,sd)
i <- x >= lb & x <= ub
plot(x, hx, type="n", xlab=xlabel, ylab=ylabel, main=mainlabel, axes=TRUE, col=linecolor)
polygon(c(lb,x[i],ub), c(0,hx[i],0), col=fillcolor)
lines(x,hx, col=linecolor)
# Next (here, biased) normal plot:
par(new=TRUE)
x=seq(-6,4,length=200)
y=dnorm(x, mean=-1, sd=1.2)
polygon(c(-6,x,4),c(0,(y*1),0),col="gray90")
lines(x,(y*1), type="l", lwd=3, col="red")
lb <- -6
ub <- -0.6
x=seq(lb,ub,length=200)
hx=dnorm(x,mean=0,sd=1)
# polygon(c(-6,x,-0.5),c(0,hx,0), col="blue", lty=2)
lines(x,hx,type="l", lty=2,lwd=1,col="blue")
# add text and vertical lines:
abline(v=0,col="blue")
text(0.2,0.3,labels="True avg value of X", srt=90, cex=1.4)
abline(v=-1,col="red")
text(-1.2,0.2,labels="Measured avg value of X", srt=90, cex=1.4)
dev.off()
png(filename="normalsampleplots.png", res=300, bg="white", type="quartz", pointsize=12, width=6, height=6, units="in")
par(new=FALSE)
par(mar=margins)
ub=4
lb=-5
sd=1
xlabel="Value of some parameter X"
ylabel="Likelihood of value X occurring"
mean=0
linecolor="blue"
fillcolor="gray"
x <- seq(lb,ub,length=200)*sd + mean
hx <- dnorm(x,mean,sd)
i <- x >= lb & x <= ub
plot(x, hx, type="n", xlab=xlabel, ylab=ylabel, main=mainlabel, axes=TRUE, col=linecolor)
polygon(c(lb,x[i],ub), c(0,hx[i],0), col=fillcolor)
lines(x,hx, col=linecolor)
# Next (here, biased) normal plot:
par(new=TRUE)
x=seq(-6,4,length=200)
y=dnorm(x, mean=-1, sd=1.2)
polygon(c(-6,x,4),c(0,(y*1),0),col="gray90")
lines(x,(y*1), type="l", lwd=3, col="red")
lb <- -6
ub <- -0.6
x=seq(lb,ub,length=200)
hx=dnorm(x,mean=0,sd=1)
# polygon(c(-6,x,-0.5),c(0,hx,0), col="blue", lty=2)
lines(x,hx,type="l", lty=2,lwd=1,col="blue")
# add text and vertical lines:
abline(v=0,col="blue")
text(0.3,0.2,labels="Avg value of X population", srt=90, cex=1.4)
abline(v=-1,col="red")
text(-1.2,0.2,labels="Sample avg value of X", srt=90, cex=1.4)
dev.off()
png(filename="abnormalsampleplots.png", res=300, bg="white", type="quartz", pointsize=12, width=6, height=6, units="in")
par(new=FALSE)
par(mar=margins)
ub=4
lb=-5
sd=1
xlabel="Value of some parameter X"
ylabel="Likelihood of value X occurring"
mean=0
linecolor="blue"
fillcolor="gray"
x <- seq(lb,ub,length=200)*sd + mean
hx <- dnorm(x,mean,sd)
i <- x >= lb & x <= ub
plot(x, hx, type="n", xlab=xlabel, ylab=ylabel, main=mainlabel, axes=TRUE, col=linecolor)
polygon(c(lb,x[i],ub), c(0,hx[i],0), col=fillcolor)
lines(x,hx, col=linecolor)
# Next (here, biased) normal plot:
par(new=TRUE)
ymult=1
x=seq(-6,2,length=200)
y=dnorm(x, mean=-3, sd=1.3)
polygon(c(-6,x,-3),c(0,(y*ymult),0),col="gray90")
lines(x,(y*ymult), type="l", lwd=3, col="red")
lb <- -6
ub <- -0.6
x=seq(lb,ub,length=200)
hx=dnorm(x,mean=0,sd=1)
# polygon(c(-6,x,-0.5),c(0,hx,0), col="blue", lty=2)
lines(x,hx,type="l", lty=2,lwd=1,col="blue")
# add text and vertical lines:
abline(v=0,col="blue")
text(0.3,0.2,labels="Avg value of X population", srt=90, cex=1.4)
abline(v=-3,col="red")
text(-2.6,0.15,labels="Sample avg value of X", srt=90, cex=1.4)
dev.off()