RocksDB 8.0.0

8.0.0 (02/19/2023)

Behavior changes

• ReadOptions::verify_checksums=false disables checksum verification for more reads of non-CacheEntryRole::kDataBlock blocks.
• In case of scan with async_io enabled, if posix doesn't support IOUring, Status::NotSupported error will be returned to the users. Initially that error was swallowed and reads were switched to synchronous reads.

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a data race on ColumnFamilyData::flush_reason caused by concurrent flushes.
• Fixed an issue in Get and MultiGet when user-defined timestamps is enabled in combination with BlobDB.
• Fixed some atypical behaviors for LockWAL() such as allowing concurrent/recursive use and not expecting UnlockWAL() after non-OK result. See API comments.
• Fixed a feature interaction bug where for blobs GetEntity would expose the blob reference instead of the blob value.
• Fixed DisableManualCompaction() and CompactRangeOptions::canceled to cancel compactions even when they are waiting on conflicting compactions to finish
• Fixed a bug in which a successful GetMergeOperands() could transiently return Status::MergeInProgress()
• Return the correct error (Status::NotSupported()) to MultiGet caller when ReadOptions::async_io flag is true and IO uring is not enabled. Previously, Status::Corruption() was being returned when the actual failure was lack of async IO support.
• Fixed a bug in DB open/recovery from a compressed WAL that was caused due to incorrect handling of certain record fragments with the same offset within a WAL block.

Feature Removal

• Remove RocksDB Lite.
• The feature block_cache_compressed is removed. Statistics related to it are removed too.
• Remove deprecated Env::LoadEnv(). Use Env::CreateFromString() instead.
• Remove deprecated FileSystem::Load(). Use FileSystem::CreateFromString() instead.
• Removed the deprecated version of these utility functions and the corresponding Java bindings: LoadOptionsFromFile, LoadLatestOptions, CheckOptionsCompatibility.
• Remove the FactoryFunc from the LoadObject method from the Customizable helper methods.

Public API Changes

• Moved rarely-needed Cache class definition to new advanced_cache.h, and added a CacheWrapper class to advanced_cache.h. Minor changes to SimCache API definitions.
• Completely removed the following deprecated/obsolete statistics: the tickers BLOCK_CACHE_INDEX_BYTES_EVICT, BLOCK_CACHE_FILTER_BYTES_EVICT, BLOOM_FILTER_MICROS, NO_FILE_CLOSES, STALL_L0_SLOWDOWN_MICROS, STALL_MEMTABLE_COMPACTION_MICROS, STALL_L0_NUM_FILES_MICROS, RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_MILLIS, NO_ITERATORS, NUMBER_FILTERED_DELETES, WRITE_TIMEDOUT, BLOB_DB_GC_NUM_KEYS_OVERWRITTEN, BLOB_DB_GC_NUM_KEYS_EXPIRED, BLOB_DB_GC_BYTES_OVERWRITTEN, BLOB_DB_GC_BYTES_EXPIRED, BLOCK_CACHE_COMPRESSION_DICT_BYTES_EVICT as well as the histograms STALL_L0_SLOWDOWN_COUNT, STALL_MEMTABLE_COMPACTION_COUNT, STALL_L0_NUM_FILES_COUNT, HARD_RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_COUNT, SOFT_RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_COUNT, BLOB_DB_GC_MICROS, and NUM_DATA_BLOCKS_READ_PER_LEVEL. Note that as a result, the C++ enum values of the still supported statistics have changed. Developers are advised to not rely on the actual numeric values.
• Deprecated IngestExternalFileOptions::write_global_seqno and change default to false. This option only needs to be set to true to generate a DB compatible with RocksDB versions before 5.16.0.
• Remove deprecated APIs GetColumnFamilyOptionsFrom{Map|String}(const ColumnFamilyOptions&, ..), GetDBOptionsFrom{Map|String}(const DBOptions&, ..), GetBlockBasedTableOptionsFrom{Map|String}(const BlockBasedTableOptions& table_options, ..) and GetPlainTableOptionsFrom{Map|String}(const PlainTableOptions& table_options,..).
• Added a subcode of Status::Corruption, Status::SubCode::kMergeOperatorFailed, for users to identify corruption failures originating in the merge operator, as opposed to RocksDB's internally identified data corruptions

Build Changes

• The make build now builds a shared library by default instead of a static library. Use LIB_MODE=static to override.

New Features

• Compaction filters are now supported for wide-column entities by means of the FilterV3 API. See the comment of the API for more details.
• Added do_not_compress_roles to CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions to disable compression on certain kinds of block. Filter blocks are now not compressed by CompressedSecondaryCache by default.
• Added a new MultiGetEntity API that enables batched wide-column point lookups. See the API comments for more details.

RocksDB 7.9.2

7.9.2 (2022-12-21)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a heap use after free bug in async scan prefetching when the scan thread and another thread try to read and load the same seek block into cache.

7.9.1 (2022-12-08)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a regression in iterator where range tombstones after iterate_upper_bound is processed.
• Fixed a memory leak in MultiGet with async_io read option, caused by IO errors during table file open

Behavior changes

• Make best-efforts recovery verify SST unique ID before Version construction (#10962)

7.9.0 (2022-11-21)

Performance Improvements

• Fixed an iterator performance regression for delete range users when scanning through a consecutive sequence of range tombstones (#10877).

Bug Fixes

• Fix memory corruption error in scans if async_io is enabled. Memory corruption happened if there is IOError while reading the data leading to empty buffer and other buffer already in progress of async read goes again for reading.
• Fix failed memtable flush retry bug that could cause wrongly ordered updates, which would surface to writers as Status::Corruption in case of force_consistency_checks=true (default). It affects use cases that enable both parallel flush (max_background_flushes > 1 or max_background_jobs >= 8) and non-default memtable count (max_write_buffer_number > 2).
• Fixed an issue where the READ_NUM_MERGE_OPERANDS ticker was not updated when the base key-value or tombstone was read from an SST file.
• Fixed a memory safety bug when using a SecondaryCache with block_cache_compressed. block_cache_compressed no longer attempts to use SecondaryCache features.
• Fixed a regression in scan for async_io. During seek, valid buffers were getting cleared causing a regression.
• Tiered Storage: fixed excessive keys written to penultimate level in non-debug builds.

New Features

• Add basic support for user-defined timestamp to Merge (#10819).
• Add stats for ReadAsync time spent and async read errors.
• Basic support for the wide-column data model is now available. Wide-column entities can be stored using the PutEntity API, and retrieved using GetEntity and the new columns API of iterator. For compatibility, the classic APIs Get and MultiGet, as well as iterator's value API return the value of the anonymous default column of wide-column entities; also, GetEntity and iterator's columns return any plain key-values in the form of an entity which only has the anonymous default column. Merge (and GetMergeOperands) currently also apply to the default column; any other columns of entities are unaffected by Merge operations. Note that some features like compaction filters, transactions, user-defined timestamps, and the SST file writer do not yet support wide-column entities; also, there is currently no MultiGet-like API to retrieve multiple entities at once. We plan to gradually close the above gaps and also implement new features like column-level operations (e.g. updating or querying only certain columns of an entity).
• Marked HyperClockCache as a production-ready alternative to LRUCache for the block cache. HyperClockCache greatly improves hot-path CPU efficiency under high parallel load or high contention, with some documented caveats and limitations. As much as 4.5x higher ops/sec vs. LRUCache has been seen in db_bench under high parallel load.
• Add periodic diagnostics to info_log (LOG file) for HyperClockCache block cache if performance is degraded by bad estimated_entry_charge option.

Public API Changes

• Marked block_cache_compressed as a deprecated feature. Use SecondaryCache instead.
• Added a SecondaryCache::InsertSaved() API, with default implementation depending on Insert(). Some implementations might need to add a custom implementation of InsertSaved(). (Details in API comments.)

RocksDB 7.8.3

7.8.3 (2022-11-29)

• Revert an internal change in 7.8.0 associated with some memory usage churn.

7.8.2 (2022-11-27)

Behavior changes

• Make best-efforts recovery verify SST unique ID before Version construction (#10962)
• Fix failed memtable flush retry bug that could cause wrongly ordered updates, which would surface to writers as Status::Corruption in case of force_consistency_checks=true (default). It affects use cases that enable both parallel flush (max_background_flushes > 1 or max_background_jobs >= 8) and non-default memtable count (max_write_buffer_number > 2).
• Tiered Storage: fixed excessive keys written to penultimate level in non-debug builds.

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a regression in scan for async_io. During seek, valid buffers were getting cleared causing a regression.
• Fixed a performance regression in iterator where range tombstones after iterate_upper_bound is processed.

7.8.1 (2022-11-02)

Bug Fixes

• Fix memory corruption error in scans if async_io is enabled. Memory corruption happened if there is IOError while reading the data leading to empty buffer and other buffer already in progress of async read goes again for reading.

7.8.0 (2022-10-22)

New Features

• DeleteRange() now supports user-defined timestamp.
• Provide support for async_io with tailing iterators when ReadOptions.tailing is enabled during scans.
• Tiered Storage: allow data moving up from the last level to the penultimate level if the input level is penultimate level or above.
• Added DB::Properties::kFastBlockCacheEntryStats, which is similar to DB::Properties::kBlockCacheEntryStats, except returns cached (stale) values in more cases to reduce overhead.
• FIFO compaction now supports migrating from a multi-level DB via DB::Open(). During the migration phase, FIFO compaction picker will:
• picks the sst file with the smallest starting key in the bottom-most non-empty level.
• Note that during the migration phase, the file purge order will only be an approximation of "FIFO" as files in lower-level might sometime contain newer keys than files in upper-level.
• Added an option ignore_max_compaction_bytes_for_input to ignore max_compaction_bytes limit when adding files to be compacted from input level. This should help reduce write amplification. The option is enabled by default.
• Tiered Storage: allow data moving up from the last level even if it's a last level only compaction, as long as the penultimate level is empty.
• Add a new option IOOptions.do_not_recurse that can be used by underlying file systems to skip recursing through sub directories and list only files in GetChildren API.
• Add option preserve_internal_time_seconds to preserve the time information for the latest data. Which can be used to determine the age of data when preclude_last_level_data_seconds is enabled. The time information is attached with SST in table property rocksdb.seqno.time.map which can be parsed by tool ldb or sst_dump.

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug in io_uring_prep_cancel in AbortIO API for posix which expects sqe->addr to match with read request submitted and wrong paramter was being passed.
• Fixed a regression in iterator performance when the entire DB is a single memtable introduced in #10449. The fix is in #10705 and #10716.
• Fixed an optimistic transaction validation bug caused by DBImpl::GetLatestSequenceForKey() returning non-latest seq for merge (#10724).
• Fixed a bug in iterator refresh which could segfault for DeleteRange users (#10739).
• Fixed a bug causing manual flush with flush_opts.wait=false to stall when database has stopped all writes (#10001).
• Fixed a bug in iterator refresh that was not freeing up SuperVersion, which could cause excessive resource pinniung (#10770).
• Fixed a bug where RocksDB could be doing compaction endlessly when allow_ingest_behind is true and the bottommost level is not filled (#10767).
• Fixed a memory safety bug in experimental HyperClockCache (#10768)
• Fixed some cases where ldb update_manifest and ldb unsafe_remove_sst_file are not usable because they were requiring the DB files to match the existing manifest state (before updating the manifest to match a desired state).

Performance Improvements

• Try to align the compaction output file boundaries to the next level ones, which can reduce more than 10% compaction load for the default level compaction. The feature is enabled by default, to disable, set AdvancedColumnFamilyOptions.level_compaction_dynamic_file_size to false. As a side effect, it can create SSTs larger than the target_file_size (capped at 2x target_file_size) or smaller files.
• Improve RoundRobin TTL compaction, which is going to be the same as normal RoundRobin compaction to move the compaction cursor.
• Fix a small CPU regression caused by a change that UserComparatorWrapper was made Customizable, because Customizable itself has small CPU overhead for initialization.
• Fixed an iterator performance regression for delete range users when scanning through a consecutive sequence of range tombstones (#10877).

Behavior Changes

• Sanitize min_write_buffer_number_to_merge to 1 if atomic flush is enabled to prevent unexpected data loss when WAL is disabled in a multi-column-family setting (#10773).

Public API changes

• Make kXXH3 checksum the new default, because it is faster on common hardware, especially with kCRC32c affected by a performance bug in some versions of clang (#9891). DBs written with this new setting can be read by RocksDB 6.27 and newer.
• Refactor the classes, APIs and data structures for block cache tracing to allow a user provided trace writer to be used. Introduced an abstract BlockCacheTraceWriter class that takes a structured BlockCacheTraceRecord. The BlockCacheTraceWriter implementation can then format and log the record in whatever way it sees fit. The default BlockCacheTraceWriterImpl does file tracing using a user provided TraceWriter. More details in rocksdb/includb/block_cache_trace_writer.h.

RocksDB 7.7.8

7.7.8 (2022-11-27)

Bug Fixes

• Fix failed memtable flush retry bug that could cause wrongly ordered updates, which would surface to writers as Status::Corruption in case of force_consistency_checks=true (default). It affects use cases that enable both parallel flush (max_background_flushes > 1 or max_background_jobs >= 8) and non-default memtable count (max_write_buffer_number > 2).
• Tiered Storage: fixed excessive keys written to penultimate level in non-debug builds.
• Fixed a regression in iterator where range tombstones after iterate_upper_bound is processed.

7.7.7 (2022-11-15)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a regression in scan for async_io. During seek, valid buffers were getting cleared causing a regression.

7.7.6 (2022-11-03)

Bug Fixes

• Fix memory corruption error in scans if async_io is enabled. Memory corruption happened if there is IOError while reading the data leading to empty buffer and other buffer already in progress of async read goes again for reading.

7.7.5 (2022-10-28)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed an iterator performance regression for delete range users when scanning through a consecutive sequence of range tombstones (#10877).

7.7.4 (2022-10-28)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a case of calling malloc_usable_size on result of operator new[].

RocksDB 7.7.3

7.7.3 (2022-10-11)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a memory safety bug in experimental HyperClockCache (#10768)

RocksDB 7.7.2

7.7.2 (2022-10-05)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a bug in iterator refresh that was not freeing up SuperVersion, which could cause excessive resource pinniung (#10770).
• Fixed a bug where RocksDB could be doing compaction endlessly when allow_ingest_behind is true and the bottommost level is not filled (#10767).

Behavior Changes

• Sanitize min_write_buffer_number_to_merge to 1 if atomic flush is enabled to prevent unexpected data loss when WAL is disabled in a multi-column-family setting (#10773).

7.7.1 (2022-09-26)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed an optimistic transaction validation bug caused by DBImpl::GetLatestSequenceForKey() returning non-latest seq for merge (#10724).
• Fixed a bug in iterator refresh which could segfault for DeleteRange users (#10739).

7.7.0 (2022-09-18)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a hang when an operation such as GetLiveFiles or CreateNewBackup is asked to trigger and wait for memtable flush on a read-only DB. Such indirect requests for memtable flush are now ignored on a read-only DB.
• Fixed bug where FlushWAL(true /* sync */) (used by GetLiveFilesStorageInfo(), which is used by checkpoint and backup) could cause parallel writes at the tail of a WAL file to never be synced.
• Fix periodic_task unable to re-register the same task type, which may cause SetOptions() fail to update periodical_task time like: stats_dump_period_sec, stats_persist_period_sec.
• Fixed a bug in the rocksdb.prefetched.bytes.discarded stat. It was counting the prefetch buffer size, rather than the actual number of bytes discarded from the buffer.
• Fix bug where the directory containing CURRENT can left unsynced after CURRENT is updated to point to the latest MANIFEST, which leads to risk of unsync data loss of CURRENT.
• Update rocksdb.multiget.io.batch.size stat in non-async MultiGet as well.
• Fix a bug in key range overlap checking with concurrent compactions when user-defined timestamp is enabled. User-defined timestamps should be EXCLUDED when checking if two ranges overlap.
• Fixed a bug where the blob cache prepopulating logic did not consider the secondary cache (see #10603).
• Fixed the rocksdb.num.sst.read.per.level, rocksdb.num.index.and.filter.blocks.read.per.level and rocksdb.num.level.read.per.multiget stats in the MultiGet coroutines
• Fix a bug in io_uring_prep_cancel in AbortIO API for posix which expects sqe->addr to match with read request submitted and wrong paramter was being passed.
• Fixed a regression in iterator performance when the entire DB is a single memtable introduced in #10449. The fix is in #10705 and #10716.
• Fix a bug in io_uring_prep_cancel in AbortIO API for posix which expects sqe->addr to match with read request submitted and wrong paramter was being passed.
• Fixed a regression in iterator performance when the entire DB is a single memtable introduced in #10449. The fix is in #10705 and #10716.

Public API changes

• Add rocksdb_column_family_handle_get_id, rocksdb_column_family_handle_get_name to get name, id of column family in C API
• Add a new stat rocksdb.async.prefetch.abort.micros to measure time spent waiting for async prefetch reads to abort

Java API Changes

• Add CompactionPriority.RoundRobin.
• Revert to using the default metadata charge policy when creating an LRU cache via the Java API.

Behavior Change

• DBOptions::verify_sst_unique_id_in_manifest is now an on-by-default feature that verifies SST file identity whenever they are opened by a DB, rather than only at DB::Open time.
• Right now, when the option migration tool (OptionChangeMigration()) migrates to FIFO compaction, it compacts all the data into one single SST file and move to L0. This might create a problem for some users: the giant file may be soon deleted to satisfy max_table_files_size, and might cayse the DB to be almost empty. We change the behavior so that the files are cut to be smaller, but these files might not follow the data insertion order. With the change, after the migration, migrated data might not be dropped by insertion order by FIFO compaction.
• When a block is firstly found from CompressedSecondaryCache, we just insert a dummy block into the primary cache and don’t erase the block from CompressedSecondaryCache. A standalone handle is returned to the caller. Only if the block is found again from CompressedSecondaryCache before the dummy block is evicted, we erase the block from CompressedSecondaryCache and insert it into the primary cache.
• When a block is firstly evicted from the primary cache to CompressedSecondaryCache, we just insert a dummy block in CompressedSecondaryCache. Only if it is evicted again before the dummy block is evicted from the cache, it is treated as a hot block and is inserted into CompressedSecondaryCache.
• Improved the estimation of memory used by cached blobs by taking into account the size of the object owning the blob value and also the allocator overhead if malloc_usable_size is available (see #10583).
• Blob values now have their own category in the cache occupancy statistics, as opposed to being lumped into the "Misc" bucket (see #10601).
• Change the optimize_multiget_for_io experimental ReadOptions flag to default on.

New Features

• RocksDB does internal auto prefetching if it notices 2 sequential reads if readahead_size is not specified. New option num_file_reads_for_auto_readahead is added in BlockBasedTableOptions which indicates after how many sequential reads internal auto prefetching should be start (default is 2).
• Added new perf context counters block_cache_standalone_handle_count, block_cache_real_handle_count,compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, compressed_sec_cache_insert_dummy_count, compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, and compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes.
• Memory for blobs which are to be inserted into the blob cache is now allocated using the cache's allocator (see #10628 and #10647).
• HyperClockCache is an experimental, lock-free Cache alternative for block cache that offers much improved CPU efficiency under high parallel load or high contention, with some caveats. As much as 4.5x higher ops/sec vs. LRUCache has been seen in db_bench under high parallel load.
• CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions::enable_custom_split_merge is added for enabling the custom split and merge feature, which split the compressed value into chunks so that they may better fit jemalloc bins.

Performance Improvements

• Iterator performance is improved for DeleteRange() users. Internally, iterator will skip to the end of a range tombstone when possible, instead of looping through each key and check individually if a key is range deleted.
• Eliminated some allocations and copies in the blob read path. Also, PinnableSlice now only points to the blob value and pins the backing resource (cache entry or buffer) in all cases, instead of containing a copy of the blob value. See #10625 and #10647.
• In case of scans with async_io enabled, few optimizations have been added to issue more asynchronous requests in parallel in order to avoid synchronous prefetching.
• DeleteRange() users should see improvement in get/iterator performance from mutable memtable (see #10547).

7.6.0 (2022-08-19)

New Features

• Added prepopulate_blob_cache to ColumnFamilyOptions. If enabled, prepopulate warm/hot blobs which are already in memory into blob cache at the time of flush. On a flush, the blob that is in memory (in memtables) get flushed to the device. If using Direct IO, additional IO is incurred to read this blob back into memory again, which is avoided by enabling this option. This further helps if the workload exhibits high temporal locality, where most of the reads go to recently written data. This also helps in case of the remote file system since it involves network traffic and higher latencies.
• Support using secondary cache with the blob cache. When creating a blob cache, the user can set a secondary blob cache by configuring secondary_cache in LRUCacheOptions.
• Charge memory usage of blob cache when the backing cache of the blob cache and the block cache are different. If an operation reserving memory for blob cache exceeds the avaible space left in the block cache at some point (i.e, causing a cache full under LRUCacheOptions::strict_capacity_limit = true), creation will fail with Status::MemoryLimit(). To opt in this feature, enable charging CacheEntryRole::kBlobCache in BlockBasedTableOptions::cache_usage_options.
• Improve subcompaction range partition so that it is likely to be more even. More evenly distribution of subcompaction will improve compaction throughput for some workloads. All input files' index blocks to sample some anchor key points from which we pick positions to partition the input range. This would introduce some CPU overhead in compaction preparation phase, if subcompaction is enabled, but it should be a small fraction of the CPU usage of the whole compaction process. This also brings a behavier change: subcompaction number is much more likely to maxed out than before.
• Add CompactionPri::kRoundRobin, a compaction picking mode that cycles through all the files with a compact cursor in a round-robin manner. This feature is available since 7.5.
• Provide support for subcompactions for user_defined_timestamp.
• Added an option memtable_protection_bytes_per_key that turns on memtable per key-value checksum protection. Each memtable entry will be suffixed by a checksum that is computed during writes, and verified in reads/compaction. Detected corruption will be logged and with corruption status returned to user.
• Added a blob-specific cache priority level - bottom level. Blobs are typically lower-value targets for caching than data blocks, since 1) with BlobDB, data blocks containing blob references conceptually form an index structure which has to be consulted before we can read the blob value, and 2) cached blobs represent only a single key-value, while cached data blocks generally contain multiple KVs. The user can specify the new option low_pri_pool_ratio in LRUCacheOptions to configure the ratio of capacity reserved for low priority cache entries (and therefore the remaining ratio is the space reserved for the bottom level), or configuring the new argument low_pri_pool_ratio in NewLRUCache() to achieve the same effect.

Public API changes

• Removed Customizable support for RateLimiter and removed its CreateFromString() and Type() functions.
• CompactRangeOptions::exclusive_manual_compaction is now false by default. This ensures RocksDB does not introduce artificial parallelism limitations by default.
• Tiered Storage: change bottommost_temperture to last_level_temperture. The old option name is kept only for migration, please use the new option. The behavior is changed to apply temperature for the last_level SST files only.
• Added a new experimental ReadOption flag called optimize_multiget_for_io, which when set attempts to reduce MultiGet latency by spawning coroutines for keys in multiple levels.

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug starting in 7.4.0 in which some fsync operations might be skipped in a DB after any DropColumnFamily on that DB, until it is re-opened. This can lead to data loss on power loss. (For custom FileSystem implementations, this could lead to FSDirectory::Fsync or FSDirectory::Close after the first FSDirectory::Close; Also, valgrind could report call to close() with fd=-1.)
• Fix a bug where GenericRateLimiter could revert the bandwidth set dynamically using SetBytesPerSecond() when a user configures a structure enclosing it, e.g., using GetOptionsFromString() to configure an Options that references an existing RateLimiter object.
• Fix race conditions in GenericRateLimiter.
• Fix a bug in FIFOCompactionPicker::PickTTLCompaction where total_size calculating might cause underflow
• Fix data race bug in hash linked list memtable. With this bug, read request might temporarily miss an old record in the memtable in a race condition to the hash bucket.
• Fix a bug that best_efforts_recovery may fail to open the db with mmap read.
• Fixed a bug where blobs read during compaction would pollute the cache.
• Fixed a data race in LRUCache when used with a secondary_cache.
• Fixed a bug where blobs read by iterators would be inserted into the cache even with the fill_cache read option set to false.
• Fixed the segfault caused by AllocateData() in CompressedSecondaryCache::SplitValueIntoChunks() and MergeChunksIntoValueTest.
• Fixed a bug in BlobDB where a mix of inlined and blob values could result in an incorrect value being passed to the compaction filter (see #10391).
• Fixed a memory leak bug in stress tests caused by FaultInjectionSecondaryCache.

Behavior Change

• Added checksum handshake during the copying of decompressed WAL fragment. This together with #9875, #10037, #10212, #10114 and #10319 provides end-to-end integrity protection for write batch during recovery.
• To minimize the internal fragmentation caused by the variable size of the compressed blocks in CompressedSecondaryCache, the original block is split according to the jemalloc bin size in Insert() and then merged back in Lookup().
• PosixLogger is removed and by default EnvLogger will be used for info logging. The behavior of the two loggers should be very similar when using the default Posix Env.
• Remove [min|max]_timestamp from VersionEdit for now since they are not tracked in MANIFEST anyway but consume two empty std::string (up to 64 bytes) for each file. Should they be added back in the future, we should store them more compactly.
• Improve universal tiered storage compaction picker to avoid extra major compaction triggered by size amplification. If preclude_last_level_data_seconds is enabled, the size amplification is calculated within non last_level data only which skip the last level and use the penultimate level as the size base.
• If an error is hit when writing to a file (append, sync, etc), RocksDB is more strict with not issuing more operations to it, except closing the file, with exceptions of some WAL file operations in error recovery path.
• A WriteBufferManager constructed with allow_stall == false will no longer trigger write stall implicitly by thrashing until memtable count limit is reached. Instead, a column family can continue accumulating writes while that CF is flushing, which means memory may increase. Users who prefer stalling writes must now explicitly set allow_stall == true.
• Add CompressedSecondaryCache into the stress tests.
• Block cache keys have changed, which will cause any persistent caches to miss between versions.

Performance Improvements

• Instead of constructing FragmentedRangeTombstoneList during every read operation, it is now constructed once and stored in immutable memtables. This improves speed of querying range tombstones from immutable memtables.
• When using iterators with the integrated BlobDB implementation, blob cache handles are now released immediately when the iterator's position changes.
• MultiGet can now do more IO in parallel by reading data blocks from SST files in multiple levels, if the optimize_multiget_for_io ReadOption flag is set.

RocksDB 7.5.3

7.5.2 (2022-08-02)

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug starting in 7.4.0 in which some fsync operations might be skipped in a DB after any DropColumnFamily on that DB, until it is re-opened. This can lead to data loss on power loss. (For custom FileSystem implementations, this could lead to FSDirectory::Fsync or FSDirectory::Close after the first FSDirectory::Close; Also, valgrind could report call to close() with fd=-1.)

7.5.1 (2022-08-01)

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug where rate_limiter_parameter is not passed into PartitionedFilterBlockReader::GetFilterPartitionBlock.

7.5.0 (2022-07-15)

New Features

• Mempurge option flag experimental_mempurge_threshold is now a ColumnFamilyOptions and can now be dynamically configured using SetOptions().
• Support backward iteration when ReadOptions::iter_start_ts is set.
• Provide support for ReadOptions.async_io with direct_io to improve Seek latency by using async IO to parallelize child iterator seek and doing asynchronous prefetching on sequential scans.
• Added support for blob caching in order to cache frequently used blobs for BlobDB.
  • User can configure the new ColumnFamilyOptions blob_cache to enable/disable blob caching.
  • Either sharing the backend cache with the block cache or using a completely separate cache is supported.
  • A new abstraction interface called BlobSource for blob read logic gives all users access to blobs, whether they are in the blob cache, secondary cache, or (remote) storage. Blobs can be potentially read both while handling user reads (Get, MultiGet, or iterator) and during compaction (while dealing with compaction filters, Merges, or garbage collection) but eventually all blob reads go through Version::GetBlob or, for MultiGet, Version::MultiGetBlob (and then get dispatched to the interface -- BlobSource).
• Add experimental tiered compaction feature AdvancedColumnFamilyOptions::preclude_last_level_data_seconds, which makes sure the new data inserted within preclude_last_level_data_seconds won't be placed on cold tier (the feature is not complete).

Public API changes

• Add metadata related structs and functions in C API, including
  • rocksdb_get_column_family_metadata() and rocksdb_get_column_family_metadata_cf() to obtain rocksdb_column_family_metadata_t.
  • rocksdb_column_family_metadata_t and its get functions & destroy function.
  • rocksdb_level_metadata_t and its and its get functions & destroy function.
  • rocksdb_file_metadata_t and its and get functions & destroy functions.
• Add suggest_compact_range() and suggest_compact_range_cf() to C API.
• When using block cache strict capacity limit (LRUCache with strict_capacity_limit=true), DB operations now fail with Status code kAborted subcode kMemoryLimit (IsMemoryLimit()) instead of kIncomplete (IsIncomplete()) when the capacity limit is reached, because Incomplete can mean other specific things for some operations. In more detail, Cache::Insert() now returns the updated Status code and this usually propagates through RocksDB to the user on failure.
• NewClockCache calls temporarily return an LRUCache (with similar characteristics as the desired ClockCache). This is because ClockCache is being replaced by a new version (the old one had unknown bugs) but this is still under development.
• Add two functions int ReserveThreads(int threads_to_be_reserved) and int ReleaseThreads(threads_to_be_released) into Env class. In the default implementation, both return 0. Newly added xxxEnv class that inherits Env should implement these two functions for thread reservation/releasing features.
• Removed Customizable support for RateLimiter and removed its CreateFromString() and Type() functions.

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug in which backup/checkpoint can include a WAL deleted by RocksDB.
• Fix a bug where concurrent compactions might cause unnecessary further write stalling. In some cases, this might cause write rate to drop to minimum.
• Fix a bug in Logger where if dbname and db_log_dir are on different filesystems, dbname creation would fail wrt to db_log_dir path returning an error and fails to open the DB.
• Fix a CPU and memory efficiency issue introduce by #8336 which made InternalKeyComparator configurable as an unintended side effect
• Fix a bug where GenericRateLimiter could revert the bandwidth set dynamically using SetBytesPerSecond() when a user configures a structure enclosing it, e.g., using GetOptionsFromString() to configure an Options that references an existing RateLimiter object.

Behavior Change

• In leveled compaction with dynamic levelling, level multiplier is not anymore adjusted due to oversized L0. Instead, compaction score is adjusted by increasing size level target by adding incoming bytes from upper levels. This would deprioritize compactions from upper levels if more data from L0 is coming. This is to fix some unnecessary full stalling due to drastic change of level targets, while not wasting write bandwidth for compaction while writes are overloaded.
• For track_and_verify_wals_in_manifest, revert to the original behavior before #10087: syncing of live WAL file is not tracked, and we track only the synced sizes of closed WALs. (PR #10330).
• WAL compression now computes/verifies checksum during compression/decompression.

Performance Improvements

• Rather than doing total sort against all files in a level, SortFileByOverlappingRatio() to only find the top 50 files based on score. This can improve write throughput for the use cases where data is loaded in increasing key order and there are a lot of files in one LSM-tree, where applying compaction results is the bottleneck.
• In leveled compaction, L0->L1 trivial move will allow more than one file to be moved in one compaction. This would allow L0 files to be moved down faster when data is loaded in sequential order, making slowdown or stop condition harder to hit. Also seek L0->L1 trivial move when only some files qualify.
• In leveled compaction, try to trivial move more than one files if possible, up to 4 files or max_compaction_bytes. This is to allow higher write throughput for some use cases where data is loaded in sequential order, where appying compaction results is the bottleneck.

RocksDB 7.4.5

7.4.5 (2022-09-02)

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug starting in 7.4.0 in which some fsync operations might be skipped in a DB after any DropColumnFamily on that DB, until it is re-opened. This can lead to data loss on power loss. (For custom FileSystem implementations, this could lead to FSDirectory::Fsync or FSDirectory::Close after the first FSDirectory::Close; Also, valgrind could report call to close() with fd=-1.)

RocksDB 7.4.4

7.4.4 (2022-07-19)

Public API changes

• Removed Customizable support for RateLimiter and removed its CreateFromString() and Type() functions.

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug where GenericRateLimiter could revert the bandwidth set dynamically using SetBytesPerSecond() when a user configures a structure enclosing it, e.g., using GetOptionsFromString() to configure an Options that references an existing RateLimiter object.

7.4.3 (2022-07-13)

Behavior Changes

• For track_and_verify_wals_in_manifest, revert to the original behavior before #10087: syncing of live WAL file is not tracked, and we track only the synced sizes of closed WALs. (PR #10330).

7.4.2 (2022-06-30)

Bug Fixes

• Fix a bug in Logger where if dbname and db_log_dir are on different filesystems, dbname creation would fail wrt to db_log_dir path returning an error and fails to open the DB.

7.4.1 (2022-06-28)

Bug Fixes

• Pass rate_limiter_priority through filter block reader functions to FileSystem.

7.4.0 (2022-06-19)

Bug Fixes

• Fixed a bug in calculating key-value integrity protection for users of in-place memtable updates. In particular, the affected users would be those who configure protection_bytes_per_key > 0 on WriteBatch or WriteOptions, and configure inplace_callback != nullptr.
• Fixed a bug where a snapshot taken during SST file ingestion would be unstable.
• Fixed a bug for non-TransactionDB with avoid_flush_during_recovery = true and TransactionDB where in case of crash, min_log_number_to_keep may not change on recovery and persisting a new MANIFEST with advanced log_numbers for some column families, results in "column family inconsistency" error on second recovery. As a solution, RocksDB will persist the new MANIFEST after successfully syncing the new WAL. If a future recovery starts from the new MANIFEST, then it means the new WAL is successfully synced. Due to the sentinel empty write batch at the beginning, kPointInTimeRecovery of WAL is guaranteed to go after this point. If future recovery starts from the old MANIFEST, it means the writing the new MANIFEST failed. We won't have the "SST ahead of WAL" error.
• Fixed a bug where RocksDB DB::Open() may creates and writes to two new MANIFEST files even before recovery succeeds. Now writes to MANIFEST are persisted only after recovery is successful.
• Fix a race condition in WAL size tracking which is caused by an unsafe iterator access after container is changed.
• Fix unprotected concurrent accesses to WritableFileWriter::filesize_ by DB::SyncWAL() and DB::Put() in two write queue mode.
• Fix a bug in WAL tracking. Before this PR (#10087), calling SyncWAL() on the only WAL file of the db will not log the event in MANIFEST, thus allowing a subsequent DB::Open even if the WAL file is missing or corrupted.
• Fix a bug that could return wrong results with index_type=kHashSearch and using SetOptions to change the prefix_extractor.
• Fixed a bug in WAL tracking with wal_compression. WAL compression writes a kSetCompressionType record which is not associated with any sequence number. As result, WalManager::GetSortedWalsOfType() will skip these WALs and not return them to caller, e.g. Checkpoint, Backup, causing the operations to fail.
• Avoid a crash if the IDENTITY file is accidentally truncated to empty. A new DB ID will be written and generated on Open.
• Fixed a possible corruption for users of manual_wal_flush and/or FlushWAL(true /* sync */), together with track_and_verify_wals_in_manifest == true. For those users, losing unsynced data (e.g., due to power loss) could make future DB opens fail with a Status::Corruption complaining about missing WAL data.
• Fixed a bug in WriteBatchInternal::Append() where WAL termination point in write batch was not considered and the function appends an incorrect number of checksums.
• Fixed a crash bug introduced in 7.3.0 affecting users of MultiGet with kDataBlockBinaryAndHash.
• Add some fixes in async_io which was doing extra prefetching in shorter scans.

Public API changes

• Add new API GetUnixTime in Snapshot class which returns the unix time at which Snapshot is taken.
• Add transaction get_pinned and multi_get to C API.
• Add two-phase commit support to C API.
• Add rocksdb_transaction_get_writebatch_wi and rocksdb_transaction_rebuild_from_writebatch to C API.
• Add rocksdb_options_get_blob_file_starting_level and rocksdb_options_set_blob_file_starting_level to C API.
• Add blobFileStartingLevel and setBlobFileStartingLevel to Java API.
• Add SingleDelete for DB in C API
• Add User Defined Timestamp in C API.
  • rocksdb_comparator_with_ts_create to create timestamp aware comparator
  • Put, Get, Delete, SingleDelete, MultiGet APIs has corresponding timestamp aware APIs with suffix with_ts
  • And Add C API's for Transaction, SstFileWriter, Compaction as mentioned here
• The contract for implementations of Comparator::IsSameLengthImmediateSuccessor has been updated to work around a design bug in auto_prefix_mode.
• The API documentation for auto_prefix_mode now notes some corner cases in which it returns different results than total_order_seek, due to design bugs that are not easily fixed. Users using built-in comparators and keys at least the size of a fixed prefix length are not affected.
• Obsoleted the NUM_DATA_BLOCKS_READ_PER_LEVEL stat and introduced the NUM_LEVEL_READ_PER_MULTIGET and MULTIGET_COROUTINE_COUNT stats
• Introduced WriteOptions::protection_bytes_per_key, which can be used to enable key-value integrity protection for live updates.

New Features

• Add FileSystem::ReadAsync API in io_tracing
• Add blob garbage collection parameters blob_garbage_collection_policy and blob_garbage_collection_age_cutoff to both force-enable and force-disable GC, as well as selectively override age cutoff when using CompactRange.
• Add an extra sanity check in GetSortedWalFiles() (also used by GetLiveFilesStorageInfo(), BackupEngine, and Checkpoint) to reduce risk of successfully created backup or checkpoint failing to open because of missing WAL file.
• Add a new column family option blob_file_starting_level to enable writing blob files during flushes and compactions starting from the specified LSM tree level.
• Add support for timestamped snapshots (#9879)
• Provide support for AbortIO in posix to cancel submitted asynchronous requests using io_uring.
• Add support for rate-limiting batched MultiGet() APIs

Behavior changes

• DB::Open(), DB::OpenAsSecondary() will fail if a Logger cannot be created (#9984)
• Removed support for reading Bloom filters using obsolete block-based filter format. (Support for writing such filters was dropped in 7.0.) For good read performance on old DBs using these filters, a full compaction is required.
• Per KV checksum in write batch is verified before a write batch is written to WAL to detect any corruption to the write batch (#10114).

Performance Improvements

• When compiled with folly (Meta-internal integration; experimental in open source build), improve the locking performance (CPU efficiency) of LRUCache by using folly DistributedMutex in place of standard mutex.