/
ixi_SC_tutorial_03.ps
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ixi_SC_tutorial_03.ps
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5 466 M
(// =====================================================================) s
5 458 M
(// - SuperCollider Basics -) s
5 450 M
(// =====================================================================) s
5 434 M
(// Tutorial 03 - Controlling the Server) s
5 418 M
(// =====================================================================) s
5 410 M
(// - ixi audio tutorial - www.ixi-audio.net) s
5 402 M
(// =====================================================================) s
5 378 M
(/* ) s
5 370 M
( ---------------------------------------------------------------) s
5 362 M
( Copyright \(c\) 2005-2008, ixi audio.) s
5 354 M
( This work is licensed under a Creative Commons ) s
5 346 M
( Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 England & Wales License.) s
5 338 M
( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/) s
5 330 M
( ---------------------------------------------------------------) s
5 322 M
(*/) s
5 290 M
(// ========== Contents of this tutorial ==========) s
5 274 M
(// 1\) Tasks) s
5 266 M
(// 2\) Patterns) s
5 258 M
(// 3\) TempoClocks) s
5 250 M
(// 4\) GUI) s
5 234 M
(/*) s
5 218 M
(From one perspective we could see the server as the instrument and the language ) s
5 210 M
(is the performer. There are various ways of controlling synths on the server ) s
5 202 M
(from the language. We can use the language to create the algorithms to control) s
5 194 M
(our server \(using Tasks, Routines, Patterns and Clocks\) but we can also control) s
5 186 M
(it directly with a Graphical User Interface \(GUI\), MIDI, Human Interface Devices) s
5 178 M
(\(HID\) such as gamepads, Wacom Tablets, WiiMote, etc.) s
5 162 M
(We will get deeper into these things later in the tutorial.) s
5 146 M
(*/) s
5 130 M
(// we are using this synthdef) s
5 114 M
(\() s
5 106 M
(SynthDef\(\\stereosineWenv, {arg freq=333, amp=0.4, pan=0.0, dur=1; // we add a new argu) s
5 98 M
(ment) s
5 90 M
( var signal, env;) s
5 82 M
( env = EnvGen.ar\(Env.perc\(0.01, dur\), doneAction:2\); // doneAction gets rid of ) s
5 74 M
(the synth) s
5 66 M
( signal = SinOsc.ar\(freq, 0, amp\) * env;) s
5 58 M
( signal = Pan2.ar\(signal, pan\);) s
5 50 M
( Out.ar\(0, signal\);) s
5 42 M
(}\).store) s
5 34 M
(\)) s
5 2 M
(// 1\) ========= Tasks and Routines ==========) s
377 474 M
(/*) s
377 466 M
(Tasks are streamlike processes that can be paused and restarted.) s
377 458 M
(Compare the Routine and Task helpfiles. Tasks are good for building) s
377 450 M
(things quickly and perform asynchronous actions.) s
377 442 M
(*/) s
377 426 M
(\() s
377 418 M
(t = Task\({) s
377 410 M
( 20.do\({arg i; // play 10 times. For infinite length, use : inf.do\(\);) s
377 402 M
( Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 200+\(i*50\)]\);) s
377 394 M
( 0.5.wait;) s
377 386 M
( }\)) s
377 378 M
(}\);) s
377 370 M
(\)) s
377 354 M
(t.play;) s
377 346 M
(t.pause;) s
377 338 M
(t.resume;) s
377 330 M
(t.stop;) s
377 306 M
(// we could also use Routines:) s
377 290 M
(// we define the Routine:) s
377 282 M
(\() s
377 274 M
(r = Routine.new\({) s
377 266 M
( 10.do\({ arg a;) s
377 258 M
( a.postln;) s
377 250 M
( 1.wait;) s
377 242 M
( }\);) s
377 234 M
( 0.5.wait;) s
377 226 M
( "routine finished!".postln;) s
377 218 M
(}\);) s
377 210 M
(\)) s
377 194 M
(// and then we run it:) s
377 186 M
(SystemClock.play\(r\);) s
377 170 M
(// we have to reset the routine to start it again:) s
377 162 M
(r.reset) s
377 146 M
(// we could also use AppClock \(good for GUI updates\)) s
377 138 M
(AppClock.play\(r\);) s
377 122 M
(// or this syntax:) s
377 114 M
(r.play\(AppClock\)) s
377 74 M
(// 2\) ========= Patterns ==========) s
377 58 M
(/*) s
377 50 M
(Patterns are interesting methods for creating musical structures in a rather) s
377 42 M
(high-level way. They are high-level abstractions of streams that use the) s
377 34 M
(TempoClock of the language to send control messages to the server. ) s
377 18 M
(They can be replaced and shifted in time \(quant\).) s
377 10 M
(See the Streams-Patterns-Events helpfiles under Help/Streams) s
377 2 M
(*/) s
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do_header
5 466 M
(SynthDescLib.global.read; // we read the synthdef to use with Patterns) s
5 450 M
(// here we put a pattern into a variable "a") s
5 442 M
(\() s
5 434 M
(a = Pdef.new\(\\example1, ) s
5 426 M
( Pbind\(\\instrument, \\stereosineWenv, // using our sine synthdef) s
5 418 M
( \\freq, Pseq\([220, 440, 660, 880], inf\), // fre) s
5 410 M
(q arg) s
5 402 M
( \\dur, Pseq\([0.25, 0.5, 0.25, 0.5], inf\); // d) s
5 394 M
(ur arg) s
5 386 M
( \)) s
5 378 M
(\);) s
5 370 M
(\)) s
5 354 M
(a.play;) s
5 346 M
(a.pause) s
5 338 M
(a.resume) s
5 314 M
(// but we don't need to:) s
5 306 M
(\() s
5 298 M
(Pdef\(\\example2, ) s
5 290 M
( Pbind\(\\instrument, \\stereosineWenv, // using our sine synthdef) s
5 282 M
( \\freq, Pseq.new\([720, 770, 990, 880], inf\), //) s
5 274 M
( freq arg) s
5 266 M
( \\dur, Pseq.new\([0.25, 0.5, 0.25, 0.5], inf\); ) s
5 258 M
(// dur arg) s
5 250 M
( \)) s
5 242 M
(\);) s
5 234 M
(\)) s
5 210 M
(Pdef\(\\example2\).play) s
5 202 M
(Pdef\(\\example2\).pause) s
5 194 M
(Pdef\(\\example2\).resume) s
5 170 M
(// Now, let's play them both together with a bit of timeshift) s
5 154 M
(\() s
5 146 M
(Pdef\(\\example1\).quant_\([2, 0, 0]\);) s
5 138 M
(Pdef\(\\example2\).quant_\([2, 0.25, 1]\); // offset by half a beat) s
5 130 M
(Pdef\(\\example1\).play;) s
5 122 M
(Pdef\(\\example2\).play;) s
5 114 M
(\)) s
5 98 M
(// and without stopping we redefine the example1 pattern:) s
5 90 M
(\() s
5 82 M
(Pdef\(\\example1, ) s
5 74 M
( Pbind\(\\instrument, \\stereosineWenv, // using our sine synthdef) s
5 66 M
( \\freq, Pseq.new\([) s
5 58 M
( Pseq.new\([220, 440, 660, 880],) s
5 50 M
( 4\),) s
5 42 M
( Pseq.new\([220, 440, 660, 880],) s
5 34 M
( 4\) * 1.5], // transpose the melody) s
5 26 M
( inf\),) s
5 18 M
( \\dur, Pseq.new\([0.25, 0.125, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5]) s
5 10 M
(, inf\); // dur arg) s
5 2 M
( \)) s
377 482 M
(\);) s
377 474 M
(\)) s
377 450 M
(// 3\) ========= TempoClocks ==========) s
377 434 M
(/* ) s
377 426 M
(TempoClock is one of 3 clocks awailable for timing organisation in SuperCollider.) s
377 418 M
(The others are SystemClock and AppClock. TempoClock is a scheduler like SystemClock,) s
377 410 M
(but it schedules in beats rather than milliseconds. AppClock is less accurate, but) s
377 402 M
(it can call Cocoa primitives and therefore to be used when GUI's need update from ) s
377 394 M
(a clock controlled process.) s
377 378 M
(TIP: when you get an error message that sounds like "... cannot be called from this pr) s
377 370 M
(ocess") s
377 362 M
(then you need to use an AppClock or put the function into a .defer function:) s
377 354 M
({myfunction.value}.defer) s
377 346 M
(*/) s
377 330 M
(\() s
377 322 M
(// get elapsed time, round up to next second) s
377 314 M
(v = Main.elapsedTime.ceil;) s
377 298 M
(// create two clocks starting at time v. ) s
377 290 M
(t = TempoClock\(2, 0, v\);) s
377 282 M
(u = TempoClock\(2, 0, v\);) s
377 266 M
(// start two functions at beat 0 in one clock and 0.5 in the other.) s
377 258 M
(t.schedAbs\(0, { arg beat, sec; Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 300]\); 1 }\);) s
377 250 M
(u.schedAbs\(0.5, { arg beat, sec; Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 600]\);) s
377 242 M
( beat.postln; ) s
377 234 M
( if\(beat%4==0.5, {Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 1600]\)) s
377 226 M
(;}\); // every 4th beat) s
377 218 M
( if\(beat%16==0.5, { // every 16th beat) s
377 210 M
( Task\({) s
377 202 M
( 3.do\({) s
377 194 M
( Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq) s
377 186 M
(, 2000+\(rand\(1000\)\), \\dur, 0.1]\);) s
377 178 M
( 0.1125.wait;) s
377 170 M
( }\);) s
377 162 M
( }\).play;) s
377 154 M
( }\); ) s
377 146 M
( 1) s
377 138 M
( }\);) s
377 130 M
(\)) s
377 114 M
(t.stop) s
377 106 M
(u.stop) s
377 66 M
(/*) s
377 58 M
(Yet another trick to play sounds in SuperCollider is to use "fork" and schedule) s
377 50 M
(a pattern through looping. If you look at the source of .fork \(by hitting Apple+Y\) ) s
377 42 M
(you will see that it is essentially a Routine \(like above\), but it is making our) s
377 34 M
(lives easier by wrapping it up in one method.) s
377 26 M
(*/) s
377 10 M
(\() s
377 2 M
(var clock, waitTime;) s
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/fname (ixi_SC_tutorial_03.sc) def
/fdir (.) def
/ftail (ixi_SC_tutorial_03.sc) def
% User defined strings:
/fmodstr (Sun Mar 09 08:06:25 2008) def
/pagenumstr (3) def
/user_header_p false def
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do_header
5 482 M
(waitTime = 2;) s
5 474 M
(clock = TempoClock\(2, 0\);) s
5 458 M
({ // a fork) s
5 450 M
( "we start our program".postln; // and this is the end of this program) s
5 442 M
( { // and we fork again \(play 10 sines\)) s
5 434 M
( 10.do\({|i|) s
5 426 M
( Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 2000+\(rand\(1000\)\), \\dur, 0.1]\);) s
5 418 M
( ) s
5 410 M
( "synth nr : ".post; i.postln;) s
5 402 M
( \(waitTime/10\).wait; // wait for 100 milliseconds) s
5 394 M
( }\);) s
5 386 M
( "end of 1st fork".postln;) s
5 378 M
( }.fork\(clock\);) s
5 370 M
( ) s
5 362 M
( waitTime.wait; // 10 * 100 milliseconds is 1 second. \(thus 1.wait\)) s
5 354 M
( "finished waiting, now we play the 2nd fork".postln;) s
5 346 M
( { // and now we play another fork where the frequency is lower) s
5 338 M
( 20.do\({|i|) s
5 330 M
( Synth\(\\stereosineWenv, [\\freq, 100+\(rand\(1000\)\), \\dur, 0.1]\);) s
5 322 M
( "synth nr : ".post; i.postln;) s
5 314 M
( \(waitTime/10\).wait;) s
5 306 M
( }\);) s
5 298 M
( "end of 2nd fork".postln;) s
5 290 M
( }.fork\(clock\);) s
5 282 M
( "end of program".postln; // and this is the end of this program) s
5 274 M
(}.fork\(clock\);) s
5 258 M
(\)) s
5 250 M
( ) s
5 242 M
(/*) s
5 234 M
(Note that the interpreter reaches the end of the program before the last fork is finis) s
5 226 M
(hed playing.) s
5 218 M
(*/ ) s
5 178 M
(// 4\) ========= GUI ==========) s
5 146 M
(// we create a synth \(here a oscillator with 16 harmonics) s
5 138 M
(\() s
5 130 M
(SynthDef\(\\simpleSynth, {|freq, amp|) s
5 122 M
( var signal, harmonics;) s
5 114 M
( harmonics = 16;) s
5 106 M
( signal = Mix.fill\(harmonics, {|i| ) s
5 98 M
( SinOsc.ar\(freq*\(i+1\), 1.0.rand, amp * harmonics.recipr) s
5 90 M
(ocal/\(i+1\)\) ) s
5 82 M
( }\);) s
5 74 M
( Out.ar\(0, signal ! 2\);) s
5 66 M
(}\).send\(s\)) s
5 58 M
(\)) s
5 34 M
(\() s
5 26 M
(var synth, win;) s
5 18 M
(// we initialize the synth) s
5 10 M
(synth = Synth\(\\simpleSynth, [\\freq, 100, \\amp, 0]\);) s
5 2 M
(// specify the GUI window) s
377 482 M
(win = GUI.window.new\("simpleSynth", Rect\(100,100, 230, 90\), false\);) s
377 474 M
(// and place the frequency and amplitude sliders in the window) s
377 466 M
(GUI.staticText.new\(win, Rect\(10,10, 160, 20\)\).font_\(Font\("Helvetica", 9\)\).string_\("fre) s
377 458 M
(q"\);) s
377 450 M
(GUI.slider.new\(win, Rect\(40,10, 160, 24\)\)) s
377 442 M
( .action_\({|sl| synth.set\(\\freq, [100, 2000, \\exp].asSpec.map\(sl.value\)\) }\);) s
377 434 M
(GUI.staticText.new\(win, Rect\(10,46, 160, 20\)\).font_\(Font\("Helvetica", 9\)\).string_\("amp) s
377 426 M
("\);) s
377 418 M
(GUI.slider.new\(win, Rect\(40,46, 160, 24\)\)) s