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woman_experiment.json
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woman_experiment.json
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[{"classification_procedure": {"id": "OED", "term": "woman", "definition": "An adult female human being. The counterpart of man (see man, n.\u00b9 II.4.)", "reference": "https://www.oed.com/dictionary/woman_n", "model_name": "gpt-4", "temperature": 0.1}, "results": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78364", "name": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_On%C3%A9gin", "description": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin (June 1, 1889 \u2013 June 16, 1943) was a Franco-German operatic dramatic contralto who enjoyed a major international career prior to World War II. She was celebrated for the richness of its tone, its flexibility, its size, and its expert coloratura technique. She also possessed a wide vocal range.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Sigrid On\u00e9gin identifies her as a female human being. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Therefore, based on the information provided, Sigrid On\u00e9gin can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214617", "name": "Hagar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagar", "description": "According to the Book of Genesis, Hagar was an Egyptian slave, a handmaiden of Sarah (then known as Sarai), whom Sarah gave to her own husband Abram (later renamed Abraham) as a wife to bear him a child. Abraham's firstborn son, through Hagar, Ishmael, became the progenitor of the Ishmaelites, generally taken to be the Arabs. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites (sons of Agar), perhaps claiming her as their eponymous ancestor. Hagar is alluded to, although not named, in the Quran, and Islam considers her Abraham's second wife.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Hagar identifies her as a female, as indicated by the use of female pronouns such as \"her\" and \"she\". Additionally, Hagar is described as a wife and a mother, roles typically associated with adult females. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, it can be argued that Hagar is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q100206", "name": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechtildis_of_Edelstetten", "description": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten, also known as Mechtildis of Diessen or Mechtildis of Andechs, was a Benedictine abbess and, according to legend, a renowned miracle worker. Mechtildis was the daughter of Count Berthold of Andechs, whose wife, Sophie, founded a monastery on their estate at Diessen, Bavaria, and placed their daughter there at the age of five. In 1153, the Bishop of Augsburg placed her as Abbess of Edelstetten Abbey. Mechtildis was known for her mystical gifts and miracles. She died at Diessen, Germany, on 31 May 1160. Her adorned remains lie in a glass shrine within the Marienm\u00fcnster church of that town.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten is described as an adult female human being, as she was a daughter and an abbess, roles that are typically associated with females. Furthermore, she is referred to using female pronouns such as \"her\". Therefore, according to the definition provided, Mechtildis of Edelstetten can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77765", "name": "Juliane Werding", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliane_Werding", "description": "Juliane Werding (born 19 July 1956 in Essen) is a German singer and alternative therapy practitioner (Heilpraktiker).\nHer recordings include \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" and \\\"Nacht voll Schatten\\\" in 1983 (German cover of Mike Oldfield's \\\"Moonlight Shadow\\\"). \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" is the tune of the American song \\\"The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down\\\" by The Band with new lyrics about a different subject. Werding wrote several books and lives in Starnberg near Munich, where she works in alternative therapy. She has two children. In 2009, she quit show business to focus on working as a Heilpraktiker.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Juliane Werding identifies her as a female human being who is an adult, as indicated by her birth date in 1956 and her professional accomplishments. This aligns with the definition of a woman as an adult female human being. Therefore, it can be asserted that Juliane Werding is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q111188", "name": "Hannah Vogt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_Vogt", "description": "Hannah Vogt (3 March 1910, Berlin \u2013 13 February 1994, G\u00f6ttingen) was a German historian who wrote the best-selling book The Burden of Guilt: A Short History of Germany, 1914-1945. It was first published in Germany in 1961 and sold 400,000 copies in the first two years.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Hannah Vogt indicates that she is an adult human being who was born in 1910 and died in 1994. The description also uses the pronoun \"she\" to refer to Hannah Vogt, which is typically used for female individuals. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Hannah Vogt can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q176041", "name": "Elisabeth of Valois", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois", "description": "Elisabeth of France, or Elisabeth of Valois (Spanish: Isabel de Valois; French: \u00c9lisabeth de Valois) (2 April 1546 \u2013 3 October 1568), was Queen of Spain as the third wife of Philip II of Spain. She was the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth of Valois is described as an adult female human being, as she was a queen and wife, roles that are typically held by adult females. Therefore, according to the definition provided, Elisabeth of Valois can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35524637", "name": "Valentina Sampaio", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentina_Sampaio", "description": "Valentina Sampaio (born 10 December 1996) is a Brazilian model and actress. She became Victoria's Secret's first openly transgender model in August 2019, and became the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue's first openly transgender model in 2020.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Valentina Sampaio is described as a female. According to the definition provided, a woman is an adult female human being. Therefore, given that Valentina Sampaio is an adult and female, it can be argued that she is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21826", "name": "Edith Clarke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Clarke", "description": "Edith Clarke (February 10, 1883 \u2013 October 29, 1959) was the first woman to be professionally employed as an electrical engineer in the United States, and the first female professor of electrical engineering in the country. She was the first woman to deliver a paper at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the first female engineer whose professional standing was recognized by Tau Beta Pi, and the first woman named as a Fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. She specialized in electrical power system analysis and wrote Circuit Analysis of A-C Power Systems.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Edith Clarke refers to her using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", indicating that she is a female. Additionally, she is referred to as an adult through the mention of her professional accomplishments and career, which suggests she is not a child. Therefore, according to the definition provided, Edith Clarke can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113883", "name": "Lois Nettleton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lois_Nettleton", "description": "Lois June Nettleton (August 16, 1927 \u2013 January 18, 2008) was an American film, stage, radio and television actress. She received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations and won two Daytime Emmy Awards.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Lois Nettleton is described as an actress, which is a term typically used to refer to female performers, implying that she is female. Additionally, she is referred to with female pronouns (\"she\"), further indicating her gender. Given that she was born in 1927 and passed away in 2008, she was clearly an adult at the time of her death. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Lois Nettleton fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78613", "name": "Leonie Rysanek", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonie_Rysanek", "description": "Leopoldine Rysanek (14 November 1926 \u2013 7 March 1998) was an Austrian dramatic soprano.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Leonie Rysanek identifies her as a female, specifically a soprano which is a term used to describe a female singer. Furthermore, the dates provided (1926 - 1998) indicate that she lived to adulthood. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Leonie Rysanek can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232343", "name": "Bridget Moynahan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridget_Moynahan", "description": "Kathryn Bridget Moynahan (born April 28, 1971) is an American actress and former model. She graduated from Longmeadow High School in Massachusetts in 1989 and began pursuing a career in modeling. Moynahan appeared in department-store catalogs and magazines, and after doing television commercials, began taking acting lessons. She made her television debut in a guest appearance in the comedy series Sex and the City in 1999, where she later had a recurring role as Natasha.\nMoynahan made her feature-film debut in Coyote Ugly (2000). She had supporting roles in Serendipity (2001); The Sum of All Fears (2002); The Recruit (2003); I, Robot (2004); Lord of War (2005); Grey Matters (2006); Prey (2007); Noise (2007); Ramona and Beezus (2010); John Wick (2014); The Journey Home (2014) and John Wick: Chapter 2 (2017).\nMoynahan starred in the ABC television series Six Degrees, which premiered in September 2006, and was taken off the schedule after just eight episodes. Since September 2010, she has starred as Erin Reagan in the CBS police drama Blue Bloods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Bridget Moynahan is described as an adult female human being, which aligns with the definition of a woman. The text refers to her using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", and also mentions that she pursued a career in modeling and acting, roles typically associated with women. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, it can be argued that Bridget Moynahan is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28885", "name": "Galina Ulanova", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galina_Ulanova", "description": "Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova (Russian: \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, pronounced [\u0261\u0250\u02c8l\u02b2in\u0259 \u028a\u02c8lan\u0259v\u0259]; 8 January 1910 [O.S. 26 December 1909] \u2013 21 March 1998) was a Russian ballet dancer. She is frequently cited as being one of the greatest ballerinas of the 20th century.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The entity description identifies Galina Ulanova as a Russian ballet dancer, which implies that she is a human being. The use of the female pronoun \"she\" in the description also indicates that Galina Ulanova is female. Therefore, based on the provided definition, it can be argued that Galina Ulanova is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235460", "name": "Kathy Najimy", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Najimy", "description": "Kathy Ann Najimy ( n\u0259-JIM-ee; Arabic: \u0643\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a; born February 6, 1957) is an American actress and activist. She was first nationally known for her feminist play The Kathy and Mo Show, which she wrote and performed with Mo Gaffney. On film, she is best known for her roles in Soapdish (1991), Sister Act (1992) and its sequel (1993), Hocus Pocus (1993) and its sequel (2022), Hope Floats (1998), The Wedding Planner (2001), Rat Race (2001), WALL-E (2008), Step Up 3D (2010), The Guilt Trip (2012), Tyler Perry's A Madea Christmas (2013), A Christmas Melody (2015), Dumplin' (2018), Music (2021), and Single All the Way (2021). On television, she is best known for her portrayal of Olive Massery on the NBC sitcom Veronica's Closet (1997\u20132000) and for voicing Peggy Hill on the animated television series King of the Hill (1997\u20132010).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Kathy Najimy identifies her with female pronouns (\"she\" and \"her\"), indicating that she is female. Additionally, her birth date is given as February 6, 1957, which would make her an adult. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Kathy Najimy can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q104012", "name": "Euterpe", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euterpe", "description": "Euterpe (; Greek: \u0395\u1f50\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b7, lit.\u2009'rejoicing well' or 'delight' [eu\u032ft\u00e9rp\u025b\u02d0], from Ancient Greek: \u03b5\u1f56, romanized: e\u00fb, lit.\u2009'well' + Greek: \u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, romanized: t\u00e9rpein, lit.\u2009'to please') was one of the Muses in Greek mythology, presiding over music. In late Classical times, she was named muse of lyric poetry. She has been called \\\"Giver of delight\\\" by ancient poets.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Euterpe is described as one of the Muses in Greek mythology. The Muses are traditionally depicted as female entities, thus making Euterpe an adult female entity. According to the definition provided, a woman is an adult female human being. While Euterpe may not be human, she is depicted as a female entity with human-like characteristics in Greek mythology. Therefore, within the context of mythology, it could be argued that Euterpe is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85719", "name": "Ilse Bing", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilse_Bing", "description": "Ilse Bing (23 March 1899 \u2013 10 March 1998) was a German avant-garde and commercial photographer who produced pioneering monochrome images during the inter-war era.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Ilse Bing refers to her using female pronouns (\"she\"), indicating that she is a female. Additionally, the dates provided for her life (1899-1998) suggest that she lived to adulthood. Therefore, according to the definition provided, Ilse Bing can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113535", "name": "Waltraud Klasnic", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltraud_Klasnic", "description": "Waltraud Klasnic (n\u00e9e Tschiltsch, born 27 October 1945) is an Austrian politician who was Landeshauptfrau (governor) of Styria from 1996 until 2005.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Waltraud Klasnic identifies her as a female, as indicated by the use of the pronoun \"she\". Furthermore, her birth date is given as 1945, which would make her an adult. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Waltraud Klasnic can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q231487", "name": "Monica (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monica_(singer)", "description": "Monica Denise Arnold (formerly Brown; born October 24, 1980) is an American singer, rapper and actress. Born and raised in College Park, Georgia, she began performing as a child and became part of a traveling gospel choir at the age of ten. Monica rose to prominence after she signed with Rowdy Records in 1993 and released her debut album Miss Thang two years later. She followed it with a series of successful albums, including her highest-selling album The Boy Is Mine (1998) as well as the number-one albums After the Storm (2003), The Makings of Me (2006) and Still Standing (2010).\nMonica's popularity was further enhanced by her appearances in television series such as Living Single (1996), Felicity (2001), and American Dreams (2003), and films including Boys and Girls (2000), Love Song (2000), and Pastor Brown (2009). In 2008, she served as a key advisor on the NBC talent show The Voice. The recording of the song \\\"Still Standing\\\" along with her personal life, resulted in her own highly rated BET series Monica: Still Standing.\nThroughout her career, several of Monica's singles became number-one hits on the pop and R&B charts, including \\\"Before You Walk Out of My Life\\\", \\\"Don't Take It Personal (Just One of Dem Days)\\\", \\\"Like This and Like That\\\", \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\" (with Brandy), \\\"The First Night\\\", \\\"Angel of Mine\\\", \\\"So Gone\\\", and \\\"Everything to Me\\\".\nMonica has sold 5.3 million albums in the United States. In 2010, Billboard listed Monica at number 24 on its list of the Top 50 R&B and Hip Hop Artists of the past 25 years. A four-time nominee, she won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for her contribution to \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\", at the 41st awards ceremony. In addition she is the recipient of one Billboard Music Video Award, one BET Award, and one Soul Train Music Award.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Monica Denise Arnold is identified as a female in the description provided. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Monica is an adult, as indicated by her birth date and the span of her career. Therefore, based on the definition and the information provided, Monica Denise Arnold can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q94143", "name": "Yelda Reynaud", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yelda_Reynaud", "description": "Yelda Reynaud (born Kaymak\u00e7\u0131 on 17 January 1972) is a Turkish-Austrian actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Yelda Reynaud identifies her as an actress, which implies that she is a human being. Furthermore, the use of the pronoun \"she\" in the description indicates that Yelda Reynaud is female. Therefore, given that Yelda Reynaud is an adult, as indicated by her profession and birth date, she fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q68196", "name": "Cornelia Pfohl", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia_Pfohl", "description": "Cornelia Pfohl (born 23 February 1971) is a German archer who contested four consecutive Summer Olympic Games from 1992 to 2004. She is a two-time Olympic medalist in the women's team event, winning silver medal in 1996 and bronze medal in 2000. She attracted attention at both the 2000 and 2004 Olympics for competing while pregnant with her first and second child respectively.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Cornelia Pfohl indicates that she is an adult human being who has given birth to two children, which is a biological function exclusive to females. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns and has competed in women's team events at the Olympics. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Cornelia Pfohl can be identified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97003", "name": "Amelie Beese", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelie_Beese", "description": "Amelie Hedwig Boutard-Beese (13 September 1886 \u2013 22 December 1925), also known as Melli Beese, was the first female German pilot, and airplane engineer female aviator.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Amelie Beese identifies her as female, and given that she was a pilot and airplane engineer, it can be inferred that she was an adult. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Amelie Beese can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q83325", "name": "Pamela Anderson", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_Anderson", "description": "Pamela Denise Anderson (born July 1, 1967) is a Canadian-American actress, model and media personality. She is best known for her modelling work in Playboy magazine and for her role as \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the television series Baywatch (1992\u20131997).\nAnderson came to public prominence after being selected as the February 1990 Playboy Playmate of the Month following her appearance on the cover of the magazine's October 1989 issue. She went on to make regular appearances on the magazine's cover, holding the record for the most Playboy covers by any individual. Anderson became known to a wider audience with her role on the ABC sitcom Home Improvement for its first two seasons. She gained international recognition for her starring role of \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the action drama series Baywatch, further cementing her status as a sex symbol. In 1995, a sex tape of her with her then husband Tommy Lee was stolen and leaked, which resulted in a legal fight and made her the subject of controversy.\nAnderson played Vallery Irons on the syndicated series V.I.P. (1998\u20132002) and starred as Skyler Dayton on the Fox sitcom Stacked (2005\u20132006). Her film credits include Raw Justice (1994), Barb Wire (1996), Scary Movie 3 (2003), Borat (2006), Superhero Movie, Blonde and Blonder (both 2008), The Institute, Baywatch (both 2017), and City Hunter (2018). She appeared in her own reality series Pam: Girl on the Loose in 2008 and has taken part in numerous television shows from around the world, including Dancing with the Stars (2010, 2012), Bailando (2011), VIP Brother (2012), Dancing on Ice (2013), and Danse avec les stars (2018). In 2023, Anderson collaborated with Netflix on Pamela, a Love Story, a documentary about her life.\nAnderson has publicly supported various charitable causes, particularly animal rights, and has endorsed PETA activities. She has also released three autobiographies and four novels. Anderson was the recipient of a star on the Canadian Walk of Fame in 2006. She holds both American and Canadian citizenship.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Pamela Anderson is a woman because the definition of a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Pamela Anderson refers to her using female pronouns such as \"her\" and \"she,\" indicating that she is female. Additionally, the description mentions that she was a Playboy Playmate, a role that is exclusively for women. Furthermore, she has taken on roles in various television series and films that are typically played by women. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information given, it can be argued that Pamela Anderson is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185747", "name": "Nemesis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemesis", "description": "In ancient Greek religion, Nemesis, also called Rhamnousia or Rhamnusia (Ancient Greek: \u1fec\u03b1\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, romanized: Rhamnous\u00eda, lit.\u2009'the goddess of Rhamnous'), was the goddess who personifies retribution for the sin of hubris: arrogance before the gods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nemesis is described as a goddess in ancient Greek religion. A goddess is a female deity, and since deities are often anthropomorphized or given human characteristics, it can be inferred that Nemesis, being a goddess, is a female. According to the provided definition, a woman is an adult female human being. Therefore, if we consider goddesses as female entities with human characteristics, it can be argued that Nemesis is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q93172", "name": "Gaia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia", "description": "In Greek mythology, Gaia (; Ancient Greek: \u0393\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b1, romanized: Ga\u00eea, a poetic form of \u0393\u1fc6 (G\u00ea), meaning 'land' or 'earth'), also spelled Gaea , is the personification of the Earth. Gaia is the ancestral mother\u2014sometimes parthenogenic\u2014of all life. She is the mother of Uranus (Sky), from whose sexual union she bore the Titans (themselves parents of many of the Olympian gods), the Cyclopes, and the Giants; as well as of Pontus (Sea), from whose union she bore the primordial sea gods. Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gaia, as described in Greek mythology, is personified as a female entity. She is referred to as the \"ancestral mother\" of all life, indicating her role in creation and nurturing, which are traditionally associated with womanhood. She is also described as bearing children, a biological function specific to females. Therefore, within the context of the mythology, Gaia can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54436", "name": "Mary Walton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Walton", "description": "Mary Elizabeth Walton was a nineteenth-century American inventor who was awarded two patents for pollution-reducing devices. In 1881, Walton created a method for reducing the environmental hazards of the smoke emitted from locomotive, industrial and residential chimneys. Her system deflected the emissions being produced by factory smokestacks into water tanks, where the pollutants were retained and later flushed \\\"into the sewer, or into other suitable channels for conducting them to a distant or any desired locality\\\". This water tank system redirected smoke, odors, and pollutants away from the city and out of the air before society had even come to an understanding of the problem. The extent of the problem was a dark cloud that hung in the air and an unpleasant odor, yet Walton inadvertently also helped to reduce air pollution and cancer-causing coal smoke.Mary Walton also invented a system for reducing the noise produced by the elevated railway systems that were rapidly expanding in New York City, where she lived near the Sixth Avenue Line. Walton had chosen to pursue a solution after hearing that young Thomas Edison had tried and failed. After experimentation and research, she was able to narrow down that much of the sound was a result of amplification from wooden support boxes. To test various solutions, she built a model of the tracks in her basement. From these tests, she determined that lining the boxes with cotton and filling them with sand served to effectively dampen the sound of the trains. Her system deadened the noise caused by trains running over the tracks by cradling the tracks in a wooden box lined with cotton and filled with sand. The rights to her invention, patented in 1881, were sold to the Metropolitan Railroad for $10,000 and the system was soon adopted by other elevated railway companies. Her idea of using sand to dampen sound pollution in New York was inspired by the use of sand to dampen the clanging of anvils near her home. Mary Walton was a true innovator, noticing and experiencing problems in her life and targeting that as a way to make the world a better place.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Mary Walton refers to her using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", indicating that she is female. Additionally, the text mentions that she was a nineteenth-century American inventor, suggesting that she is an adult. Therefore, based on the definition of a woman as an adult female human being, it can be argued that Mary Walton is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39962", "name": "Berenice I of Egypt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berenice_I_of_Egypt", "description": "Berenice I (Greek: \u0392\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7; c. 340 BC \u2013 between 279 and 268 BC) was Queen of Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy I Soter. She became the second queen, after Eurydice, of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Berenice I of Egypt is described as a \"Queen of Egypt\" which indicates that she is a female as the title \"Queen\" is typically assigned to adult females. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns such as \"she\". Therefore, based on the definition provided, Berenice I of Egypt can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62041", "name": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Christine_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel,_Crown_Princess_of_Prussia", "description": "Elisabeth Christine Ulrike of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel (8 November 1746 \u2013 18 February 1840), was Crown Princess of Prussia as the first wife of Crown Prince Frederick William, her cousin and the future king Frederick William II of Prussia.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, is described as the first wife of Crown Prince Frederick William, which implies that she is an adult. The term \"wife\" is used to refer to a female spouse, indicating that she is female. Therefore, as an adult female human being, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q180288", "name": "Toti Dal Monte", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toti_Dal_Monte", "description": "Antonietta Meneghel (27 June 1893 \u2013 26 January 1975), better known by her stage name Toti Dal Monte, was a celebrated Italian operatic lyric soprano . She may be best remembered today for her performance as Cio-cio-san in Puccini's Madama Butterfly, having recorded this role complete in 1939 with Beniamino Gigli as Pinkerton.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Toti Dal Monte refers to her using female pronouns (\"her\"), indicating that she is female. Additionally, the description mentions that she was an adult, as she had a career as a celebrated operatic lyric soprano. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Toti Dal Monte can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87344", "name": "Gertrud von Hindenburg", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_von_Hindenburg", "description": "Gertrud Wilhelmine von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (n\u00e9e von Sperling; 4 December 1860 \u2013 14 May 1921) was a German noblewoman and philanthropist. She was the wife of Paul von Hindenburg, the Chief of the German Army Command in the second half of the First World War and President of Germany from 1925.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gertrud von Hindenburg is described as a \"wife\" and is referred to using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\". This indicates that she is an adult female human being. According to the definition provided, an adult female human being is a woman. Therefore, Gertrud von Hindenburg is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q75161", "name": "Mary Prema Pierick", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Prema_Pierick", "description": "Sister Mary Prema Pierick, MC (born 13 May 1953), is a German-born religious sister and the former Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity of Calcutta, India, the religious institute founded by the Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta. She is of German origin.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mary Prema Pierick is described as a \"sister\" and a \"religious sister,\" terms which are typically used to refer to adult female members of a religious community. This indicates that she is female. Additionally, the text states that she was born in 1953, which means she is an adult. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Mary Prema Pierick can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q92224", "name": "Janine Tischer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janine_Tischer", "description": "Janine Tischer (born 19 May 1984 in Meiningen) is a German bobsledder who has competed since 2002. She won three medals in the two-woman event at the FIBT World Championships with two silvers (2007, 2008) and a bronze (2009).\nTischer finished seventh in the two-woman event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Janine Tischer is described as a female who was born in 1984, which makes her an adult. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Janine Tischer is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q76445", "name": "Nicki (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicki_(singer)", "description": "Nicki (born Doris Andrea Hrda; November 2, 1966 in the town of Plattling (in the Deggendorf district of Bavaria, Germany) is a German pop singer and composer. She currently lives with her life partner and their two daughters in Plattling.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Nicki indicates that she is a female as she is referred to with female pronouns and has given birth to two daughters. Additionally, she is an adult, as indicated by her birth date which is in 1966. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Nicki can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64672", "name": "Elisabeth Becker", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Becker", "description": "Elisabeth Becker (20 July 1923 \u2013 4 July 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp overseer in World War II.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth Becker is identified as a woman because the description provides information that she is an adult human being and female. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being, which matches the information given about Elisabeth Becker. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Elisabeth Becker can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235272", "name": "Amy Smart", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Smart", "description": "Amy Lysle Smart (born March 26, 1976) is an American actress. Her first role in film was in Martin Kunert's anthology horror film Campfire Tales, followed by a minor part in Paul Verhoeven's Starship Troopers (1997). In 1998, Smart played a role in Dee Snider's Strangeland. She garnered widespread recognition after appearing in the mainstream teen drama Varsity Blues (1999), as well as for her recurring role as Ruby on the television series Felicity (1999\u20132001). She followed this with a lead role in the college sex comedy Road Trip (2000), and co-starred in Jerry Zucker's ensemble comedy Rat Race (2001). She had a lead role opposite Ashton Kutcher in the sci-fi drama The Butterfly Effect (2004).\nSmart co-starred with Ryan Reynolds and Anna Faris in Just Friends (2005), followed by the sports drama Peaceful Warrior (2006). From 2011 to 2012, she had a recurring role as Jasmine Hollander on the series Shameless. She subsequently starred in Tyler Perry's comedy The Single Moms Club (2014). Since 2020, Smart has starred as Barbara Whitmore in the DC Universe/The CW superhero drama series Stargirl.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Amy Smart can be classified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult female human being. Amy Smart is an adult, as indicated by her birth date of March 26, 1976, which makes her over the age of 18. She is also referred to as \"she\" and \"her\" in the description, which are pronouns typically used to denote female individuals. Therefore, based on the information provided, Amy Smart can be identified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q73380", "name": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadine_Ernsting-Krienke", "description": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke (born 5 February 1974 in Telgte, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a field hockey striker from Germany, who won the gold medal with the women's national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. She is one of the most decorated field hockey players in Germany, having played in four consecutive Summer Olympic Games, starting in 1992. She retired from international play in 2009, after having represented Germany 360 times, scoring 137 goals.Since 1989 she has been playing for Eintracht Braunschweig in Bundesliga.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Nadine Ernsting-Krienke refers to her using female pronouns, indicating that she is a female. Additionally, she is described as an adult, having been born in 1974 and having a long career in field hockey. Therefore, according to the definition provided, Nadine Ernsting-Krienke can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q74649", "name": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "description": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (14 October 1519 \u2013 31 October 1567) was a Princess of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and by marriage Electress Palatine.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach is described as a \"Princess\" and is referred to using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\". In the context of the definition provided, a princess is an adult female human being, which aligns with the definition of a woman. Therefore, it can be argued that Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55418", "name": "Margarethe von Trotta", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta", "description": "Margarethe von Trotta (German: [ma\u0281\u0261a\u02c8\u0281e\u02d0t\u0259 f\u0254n \u02c8t\u0281\u0254ta] ) is a German film director, screenwriter, and actress. She has been referred to as a \\\"leading force\\\" of the New German Cinema movement. Von Trotta's extensive body of work has won awards internationally. She was married to and collaborated with director Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff. Although they made a successful team, von Trotta felt she was seen as secondary to Schl\u00f6ndorff. Subsequently, she established a solo career for herself and became \\\"Germany's foremost female film director, who has offered the most sustained and successful female variant of Autorenkino in postwar German film history\\\". Certain aspects of von Trotta's work have been compared to Ingmar Bergman's features from the 1960s and 1970s.Von Trotta has been called \\\"the world's leading feminist filmmaker\\\". The predominant aim of her films is to create new representations of women. Her films are concerned with relationships between and among women (sisters, best friends, etc.), as well as with relationships between women and men, and include political settings. Nevertheless, she rejects the suggestion that she makes \\\"women's films\\\".She is a recipient of one Golden Lion at Venice Film Festival, 2 David di Donatello Awards, Gold Hugo Award at Chicago International Film Festival, Lifetime Achievement Award at European Film Award, Lifetime Achievement Award at German Film Awards, 2 Palme d'Or nominations at Cannes Film Festival, and numerous other awards and nominations.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Margarethe von Trotta refers to her using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", indicating that she is female. Additionally, the description refers to her as a \"leading force\" and \"the world's leading feminist filmmaker\", suggesting that she is an adult. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it can be argued that Margarethe von Trotta is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77193", "name": "Sahra Wagenknecht", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht", "description": "Sahra Wagenknecht (born Sarah Wagenknecht; German pronunciation: [\u02ccza\u02d0\u0281a \u02c8va\u02d0\u0261\u014b\u030d\u02cckn\u025b\u00e7t]; 16 July 1969) is a German politician, economist, author, and publicist. Since 2009, she has been a member of the Bundestag for The Left. From 2015 to 2019, she served as the parliamentary co-chair of her party.\nWagenknecht became a prominent member of the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) from the early 1990s. After the foundation of The Left, she became a leading member of one of the party's most left-wing factions as leader of the Communist Platform. She has been a controversial figure throughout her career due to her hardline and populist stances, statements about East Germany, immigration and refugees, and her political movement Aufstehen.From 2020 onward Wagenknecht was quiet frequently present at German media but not so often in parlament. She is not a member of any parliamentary committee.Due to the growing and lasting conflicts within the Left Party, Wagenknecht was considering forming her own party up from 2021. End of September 2023, the association \\\"BSW \u2013 For Reason and Justice e. V.\\\" was founded, intended to serve as a precursor to a future party of Wagenknecht.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Sahra Wagenknecht is identified as a woman based on the definition provided. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Sahra Wagenknecht is an adult, as indicated by her birth date of 16 July 1969, which makes her over 18 years old. She is also identified as a female, as indicated by the use of female pronouns in the description. Furthermore, she is a human being, as evidenced by her roles as a politician, economist, author, and publicist. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Sahra Wagenknecht can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6138404", "name": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamara_Adri%C3%A1n", "description": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n (born 20 February 1954, in Caracas) is a Venezuelan politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Venezuela in the 2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election. She is noted as the first transgender person elected to office in Venezuela, and only the second transgender member of a national legislature in the Western Hemisphere. Some early media coverage credited her as the first transgender member of a legislature in the Americas, but this was later corrected due to the election of Michelle Su\u00e1rez B\u00e9rtora to the Senate of Uruguay in 2014.She is a member of the Popular Will party, one of the forces in opposition to the PSUV-led government of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro. Within this party, she organized a social movement called Pro-Inclusion, aiming at promoting equal rights. She took her oath of office at the National Assembly of Venezuela on January 14, 2015. During her term in office, Adri\u00e1n intends to promote proper access to public records on identity, same-sex marriage and human rights.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n is a woman because she is an adult human being who identifies as female. The definition of a woman does not specify any biological or physical characteristics, but rather refers to the adult female gender. Tamara Adri\u00e1n's gender identity as a woman is affirmed by her transition and her public life as a woman, including her role as a politician. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Tamara Adri\u00e1n can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219439", "name": "Agnes Mary Mansour", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Mary_Mansour", "description": "Agnes Mary Mansour (April 10, 1931 \u2013 December 17, 2004) was an American former Catholic nun, as well as a politician and public official. She is known for having been given a choice from the Vatican in 1983 to end her religious vows or to resign from her position as the director of the Michigan Department of Social Services, which required her to support and allocate public funding for abortions. The controversy involved her belief that abortion was tragic but should be legal, despite her vows as a religious and the teachings of the Catholic Church.\nAfter graduating from college in Detroit, Mansour entered religious life with the Sisters of Mercy and earned a doctorate in biochemistry. She served as the president of Mercy College of Detroit from 1971 to 1983. She ran unsuccessfully for public office in 1982, in the process provoking comment from the Archbishop of Detroit. \nThe governor of Michigan appointed her to lead the state's social services department, and she was confirmed in early 1983. During this time, the Archbishop of Detroit and Vatican officials asked Mansour declare herself against abortion\u2014as her department was responsible for abortion services funded through Medicaid. Mansour refused to make such a statement, and two months after her confirmation as director, she was required by the Vatican to decide whether she was to continue as director or as a nun. She chose to give up her vows as a nun. \nAfter serving out her appointment, she was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 1988.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Agnes Mary Mansour is a woman because the definition of a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Mansour identifies her as a female, as indicated by the use of female pronouns such as \"her\" and \"she\". Furthermore, she is an adult, as evidenced by her various roles and responsibilities such as being a former Catholic nun, a politician, a public official, and the director of the Michigan Department of Social Services. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, Agnes Mary Mansour can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87436375", "name": "Karina Pankievich", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karina_Pankievich", "description": "Karina Pankievich is a Uruguayan trans rights activist. She is the president of Trans Association of Uruguay (Spanish: Asociaci\u00f3n Trans del Uruguay, ATRU).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided defines a woman as an adult female human being. While the description of Karina Pankievich does not explicitly state her gender, it does mention that she is a trans rights activist and the president of the Trans Association of Uruguay. The term 'trans' is often used to refer to individuals who identify with a gender that is different from the one they were assigned at birth. Therefore, it can be inferred that Karina Pankievich identifies as a woman, making her an adult female human being as per the definition provided.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128454", "name": "Empress Sunjeonghyo", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Sunjeonghyo", "description": "Empress Sunjeonghyo (Korean: \uc21c\uc815\ud6a8\ud669\ud6c4; 7 September 1894 \u2013 3 February 1966), was the second wife and first Empress Consort of Sunjong of Korea, the last ruler of the Korean Empire.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Empress Sunjeonghyo is described as the second wife and first Empress Consort of Sunjong of Korea, indicating that she is an adult. The term \"wife\" and \"Empress\" are gender-specific terms that are used to refer to female individuals. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Empress Sunjeonghyo can be classified as a woman because she is an adult female human being.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155438", "name": "Michaela Kirchgasser", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michaela_Kirchgasser", "description": "Michaela Kirchgasser (born 18 March 1985) is a retired Austrian alpine ski racer. She raced in the technical events of slalom and giant slalom, and also the combined.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description provides information that Michaela Kirchgasser is an adult human being, as indicated by her birth date and her professional career as an alpine ski racer. Furthermore, the use of the pronoun \"she\" indicates that Michaela Kirchgasser is female. Therefore, according to the definition provided, Michaela Kirchgasser can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q72188", "name": "Ulla Wiesner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulla_Wiesner", "description": "Ulla Wiesner (born 12 December 1940) is a German singer who was active from 1963 to 2002.\nIn 1965, she represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest, with \\\"Paradies, wo bist du?\\\" (Paradise, where are you?). The song scored zero points along with three other countries out the total of eighteen countries that entered the contest. Past the Eurovision Song Contest, of which her zero-point result hurt her solo career before it had even fully began, she was mainly active with the Botho-Lucas-Chorus, where she stayed as chorister for 30 years, notable for their musical accompaniment on the German TV show Musik ist Trumpf.There are also several songs in the Brilliant-Musik archives, founded by Werner Tautz, who wrote several songs for Wiesner, together with Heinz Kiessling and Hans Gerig. Wiesner released an album called Twilight Mood in 1970 with Addy Flor and his Orchestra. As one of Germany's busiest studio singers, she was assigned as backing vocalist for many popular artists, including Triumvirat's album Illusions on a Double Dimple in 1974. Since then, notable singles of hers include \\\"Abends kommen die Sterne\\\" (\\\"In the evening the stars appear\\\"), \\\"Wenn dieser Tag zu Ende geht\\\" (\\\"When this day comes to an end\\\") and \\\"Charade\\\".", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Ulla Wiesner is described as a \"singer\" and is referred to using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\". This indicates that Ulla Wiesner is an adult female human being, which aligns with the definition of a woman. Therefore, it can be asserted that Ulla Wiesner is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q105373", "name": "Paula Braend", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Braend", "description": "Paula Braend (1905\u20131989) was a German actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Paula Braend is described as a female human being who is an adult, as indicated by her birth and death dates. This aligns with the definition of a woman as an adult female human being. Therefore, it can be asserted that Paula Braend is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85932", "name": "Olga Hahn-Neurath", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_Hahn-Neurath", "description": "Olga Hahn-Neurath (German: [ha\u02d0n \u02c8n\u0254\u028f\u0280a\u02d0t]; 20 July 1882 \u2013 20 July 1937) was an Austrian mathematician and philosopher. She is best known for being a member of the Vienna Circle. She was sister of the mathematician Hans Hahn.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Olga Hahn-Neurath does not contradict this definition. It identifies her as a female by using the pronoun \"she\" and indicates that she is an adult by stating her birth and death dates. Furthermore, it identifies her as a human being by stating that she was a mathematician and philosopher. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it can be argued that Olga Hahn-Neurath is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q116785503", "name": "Brianna Ghey", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianna_Ghey", "description": "On 11 February 2023, Brianna Ghey ( JY), a 16-year-old British transgender girl from Birchwood in Warrington, Cheshire, England, was killed in Culcheth Linear Park in Culcheth, Warrington. Two accused teenagers, both aged 15, are in police custody, having been charged with murder four days after the incident. A motive has not been established and police are investigating \\\"all lines of inquiry\\\", including investigating the killing as a possible hate crime.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Brianna Ghey is identified as a \"transgender girl\" in the description. The term \"transgender\" refers to individuals whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. In this case, Brianna Ghey, though biologically assigned a different sex at birth, identifies as a female. The concept of a woman, as defined above, refers to an \"adult female human being.\" While Brianna Ghey is not an adult, she is a female human being by virtue of her gender identity. Therefore, it can be argued that Brianna Ghey is a woman, albeit a young one, based on her self-identified gender.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87963", "name": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else_Frenkel-Brunswik", "description": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik (August 18, 1908, in Lemberg \u2013 March 31, 1958, in Berkeley, California, US) was a Polish-born Austrian Jewish psychologist. She was forced to leave Poland and later Austria as a result of anti-Jewish persecution. She is best known for her contributions to The Authoritarian Personality (1950), her collaboration with Theodor W. Adorno, Daniel Levinson, and Nevitt Sanford. It is considered a milestone work in personality theory and social psychology.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik is identified as a woman because the description refers to her using female pronouns (\"she\" and \"her\"). Additionally, she is an adult, as indicated by her accomplishments and the fact that she lived from 1908 to 1958. Therefore, based on the definition of a woman as an adult female human being, Else Frenkel-Brunswik can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7337", "name": "Edith Frank", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Frank", "description": "Edith Frank (n\u00e9e Holl\u00e4nder; 16 January 1900 \u2013 6 January 1945) was the mother of Holocaust diarist Anne Frank, and her older sister Margot. After the family were discovered in hiding in Amsterdam during the Nazi occupation, she was transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Edith Frank is described as an adult female human being, which aligns with the definition of a woman. Furthermore, she is identified as the mother of Anne Frank and Margot, which implies she is female. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Edith Frank can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12012", "name": "Nigar Jamal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigar_Jamal", "description": "Nigar Aydin qizi Jamal (n\u00e9e Mutallibzadeh; Azerbaijani: Nigar Ayd\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 Camal (M\u00fct\u0259llibzad\u0259), IPA: [ni\u02c8\u025f\u0251\u027e \u0251j\u02c8d\u026fn \u0261\u026f\u02c8z\u026f d\u0292\u0251\u02c8m\u0251l (myt\u00e6\u02c8libz\u0251d\u00e6)]; born 7 September 1980), sometimes known as Nikki Jamal, is an Azerbaijani singer. Born and raised in Baku, she has resided in London since 2005. She won the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 with Eldar Gasimov with the song \\\"Running Scared\\\". She and Gasimov have since performed as a duo on various occasions under the name Ell & Nikki.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nigar Jamal is described as a \"singer\" and is referred to using female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\". Additionally, her full name includes the term \"qizi\", which in Azerbaijani denotes that she is a daughter, indicating that she is female. Since the definition of a woman is an adult female human being, and Nigar Jamal is an adult human being who is identified as female, it can be argued that Nigar Jamal is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57494", "name": "Rosemarie Ackermann", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemarie_Ackermann", "description": "Rosemarie \\\"Rosi\\\" Ackermann (n\u00e9e Witschas; born 4 April 1952) is a German former high jumper, Olympic champion and multiple world record holder. On 26 August 1977 in Berlin, she became the first female high jumper to clear a height of 2 metres.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Rosemarie Ackermann identifies her as a \"female\" and an \"adult\" as she was born in 1952, which makes her an adult by now. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Therefore, based on this information, it can be argued that Rosemarie Ackermann is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62632", "name": "Ferdinand von Bredow", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Bredow", "description": "Ferdinand von Bredow (16 May 1884 \u2013 30 June 1934) was a German Generalmajor and head of the Abwehr (the military intelligence service) in the Reich Defence Ministry and deputy defence minister in Kurt von Schleicher's short-lived cabinet. He was killed during the Night of the Long Knives, for alleged involvement in a plot to overthrow Hitler.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Ferdinand von Bredow is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Ferdinand von Bredow was a German Generalmajor, a typically male role, and uses male pronouns (he/his) when referring to him. Therefore, it would be incorrect to assert that Ferdinand von Bredow is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60922", "name": "Jan Frodeno", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Frodeno", "description": "Jan Frodeno (German pronunciation: [jan f\u0281o\u02c8de\u02d0no] ; born 18 August 1981) is a former German triathlete who is the gold medal winner in men's triathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, 3-time winner of the Ironman World Championship in 2015, 2016, and 2019, and 2-time winner of the Ironman 70.3 World Championship in 2015 and 2018. He had set the world record for the long distance in Roth, Germany in 2016 with 7:35:39 hours. In 2021, he broke his own world record during the Tributtle in Allg\u00e4u, Germany against Lionel Sanders, with a time of 07:27:53, setting a new world best for the long-distance triathlon.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument to assert that Jan Frodeno is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Jan Frodeno is a male, as evidenced by his participation in men's triathlon events and the use of male pronouns. Therefore, he does not fit the definition of a woman, which is an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15742", "name": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veli-Matti_Lindstr%C3%B6m", "description": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m (born 15 November 1983) is a Finnish former ski jumper. His career best achievement was a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City in the team large hill event. He also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2004 Ski Flying World Championships in Planica, as well as two championships at the Ski Flying World Cup in Planica in the team event in 2002 and 2003.\nOn 21 March 2003 in Planica, Lindstr\u00f6m became the first ski jumper in history to surpass the 230 metre mark, with a jump of 232.5 m. However, his jump was rendered an invalid world record due to him touching the snow with his hand.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m is a male ski jumper, which contradicts the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1323", "name": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa", "description": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda Gonz\u00e1lez (Latin American Spanish: [do\u02c8mi\u014bgo \u02c8santa ma\u02c8\u027ei.a]; August 4, 1825 \u2013 July 18, 1889) was a Chilean political figure. He served as the president of Chile between 1881 and 1886.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda was a Chilean political figure and served as the president of Chile, but it does not specify his gender. However, the use of the pronouns \"he\" and \"his\" suggest that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a male. Therefore, based on the provided information, it cannot be argued that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40513", "name": "Gustav Killian", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Killian", "description": "Gustav Killian (2 June 1860 \u2013 24 February 1921) was a German laryngologist and founder of the bronchoscopy.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that Gustav Killian is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Gustav Killian was a German laryngologist, but it does not specify his gender. However, the use of the pronoun \"he\" suggests that Gustav Killian is male. Therefore, without additional information, it is not possible to argue that Gustav Killian is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44194", "name": "Sepp Maier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepp_Maier", "description": "Josef Dieter \\\"Sepp\\\" Maier (German pronunciation: [\u02c8jo\u02d0z\u025bf \u02c8di\u02d0t\u0250 \u02c8z\u025bp \u02c8ma\u026a\u032f\u0250]; born 28 February 1944) is a German former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Bayern Munich and the Germany national football team. Regarded as one of football's greatest goalkeepers, he was nicknamed \\\"Die Katze von Anzing\\\" (\\\"the cat from Anzing\\\") for his fast reflexes, agility, flexibility, speed, and consistency; in addition to his shot-stopping ability, Maier was also known for his ability to dominate his box, as well as his sense of humour and personality throughout his career, which made him a fan favourite. Regarding his playing style, he once quipped \\\"a keeper should give off a sense of calm, and not fall asleep while doing so.\\\"", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Sepp Maier is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Sepp Maier is a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to Sepp Maier. Therefore, it is not possible to assert that Sepp Maier is a woman based on the given information and definition.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64241", "name": "Max Knoll", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Knoll", "description": "Max Knoll (17 July 1897 \u2013 6 November 1969) was a German electrical engineer.\nKnoll was born in Wiesbaden and studied in Munich and at the Technical University of Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for High Voltage Technology. In 1927 he became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his co-worker, Ernst Ruska, invented the electron microscope in 1931. In April 1932, Knoll joined Telefunken in Berlin to do developmental work in the field of television design. He was also a private lecturer in Berlin.\nAfter World War II, Knoll joined the University of Munich as extraordinary professor and director of the Institute for Electromedicine. He moved to the USA in 1948, to work at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University.\nIn 1956 he returned to Munich and engaged in a series of experiments at the Technische Hochschule, involving the generation of phosphenes by electrically stimulating the brains of himself and other subjects. He retired in 1966.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Max Knoll is a woman. The description clearly states that Max Knoll is a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to Max Knoll based on the information given.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48115", "name": "Fulk IV, Count of Anjou", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulk_IV,_Count_of_Anjou", "description": "Fulk IV (French: Foulques IV d'Anjou; 1043 \u2013 14 April 1109), better known as Fulk le R\u00e9chin (Latin: Fulco Rechin), was the count of Anjou from around 1068 until his death. He was noted to be \\\"a man with many reprehensible, even scandalous, habits\\\" by Orderic Vitalis, who particularly objected to his many women and his influential footwear, claiming he popularized the pigaches that eventually became the poulaine, the medieval long-toed shoe.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument to assert that Fulk IV, Count of Anjou is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly identifies Fulk IV as a man, and there is no information suggesting that he identifies or presents as a woman. Therefore, according to the definition of a woman as an adult female human being, Fulk IV, Count of Anjou cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58290", "name": "Marty Natalegawa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Natalegawa", "description": "Raden Mohammad Marty Muliana Natalegawa, more commonly known as Marty Natalegawa (born 22 March 1963 in Bandung, West Java), is an Indonesian diplomat and was the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet. He served as Indonesia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 5 September 2007 until his latest appointment and has also served as the Indonesian Ambassador to the United Kingdom and as a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Marty Natalegawa that indicates he is a woman. The description uses male pronouns (he/his) and refers to him as a diplomat and minister, but does not specify his gender as female. Therefore, based on the provided information, it cannot be argued that Marty Natalegawa is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11881", "name": "John Tyler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyler", "description": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 \u2013 January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time.\nTyler was born into a prominent slaveholding Virginia family. He became a national figure at a time of political upheaval. In the 1820s, the Democratic-Republican Party, at the time the nation's only political party, split into several factions. Initially a Democrat, Tyler opposed President Andrew Jackson during the nullification crisis as he saw Jackson's actions as infringing on states' rights and criticized Jackson's expansion of executive power during the Bank War. This led Tyler to ally with the Whig Party. He served as a Virginia state legislator and governor, U.S. representative, and U.S. senator. Tyler was a regional Whig vice-presidential nominee in the 1836 presidential election; they lost. He was the sole nominee on the 1840 Whig presidential ticket as William Henry Harrison's running mate. Under the campaign slogan \\\"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too\\\", the Harrison\u2013Tyler ticket defeated incumbent president Martin Van Buren.\nPresident Harrison died just one month after taking office, and Tyler became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency. Amid uncertainty as to whether a vice president succeeded a deceased president, or merely took on his duties, Tyler immediately took the presidential oath of office, setting a lasting precedent. He signed into law some of the Whig-controlled Congress's bills, but he was a strict constructionist and vetoed the party's bills to create a national bank and raise tariff rates. He believed that the president, rather than Congress, should set policy, and he sought to bypass the Whig establishment led by Senator Henry Clay. Most of Tyler's cabinet resigned shortly into his term and the Whigs expelled him from the party, dubbing him \\\"His Accidency\\\". Tyler was the first president to have his veto of legislation overridden by Congress. He faced a stalemate on domestic policy, although he had several foreign-policy achievements, including the Webster - Ashburton Treaty with Britain and the Treaty of Wanghia with China. Tyler firmly believed in manifest destiny and saw the annexation of Texas as economically advantageous to the United States, signing a bill to offer Texas statehood just before leaving office and returning to his plantation.\nWhen the American Civil War began in 1861, Tyler at first supported the Peace Conference. When it failed, he sided with the Confederacy. He presided over the opening of the Virginia Secession Convention and served as a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States. Tyler subsequently won election to the Confederate House of Representatives but died before it assembled. Some scholars have praised Tyler's political resolve, but historians have generally given his presidency a low ranking. Tyler did make progress in combining the American and British navies to stop oceanic African slave trafficking under the Webster\u2013Ashburton Treaty. That treaty also peacefully settled the border between Maine and Canada. Today, Tyler is seldom remembered in comparison to other presidents and maintains only a limited presence in American cultural memory.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that John Tyler is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being, and the information provided about John Tyler clearly identifies him as a male. He was the tenth president of the United States, and throughout the text, he is consistently referred to with male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Therefore, it is not possible to argue that John Tyler is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64543", "name": "Wang Huning", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Huning", "description": "Wang Huning (Chinese: \u738b\u6caa\u5b81; pinyin: W\u00e1ng H\u00f9n\u00edng; born 6 October 1955) is a Chinese political theorist and one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), who is currently the chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). He has been a leading ideologist in the country since the 1990s. He has been a member of the CCP's Politburo Standing Committee, China's top decision-making body since 2017, and is its fourth-ranking member since 2022.\nA former academic, Wang was a professor of international politics and dean of the law school at Fudan University. During this time, he gained attention due to his belief in \\\"neoconservatism\\\", which held that a strong leadership was needed for China's stability and political reforms. He started to work for the CCP leadership in 1995 as a director of a research team at the CCP's Central Policy Research Office (CPRO). He became the CPRO's deputy director in 1998, and was promoted to the party's Central Committee and director of the office in 2002, remaining the latter until 2020, the longest tenure in the office. He assisted CCP general secretary Jiang Zemin, and was believed to be instrumental in developing Jiang's signature political theory, the Three Represents. He later became a close confidant of CCP general secretary Hu Jintao, believed to be key to developing his primary theory, Scientific Outlook on Development, and became a secretary of the CCP secretariat in 2007.\nWang became a member of the CCP Politburo in 2012, and is believed to have developed close relations with CCP general secretary Xi Jinping, becoming one of his closer advisors. In 2017, he was promoted to the 5th-ranked member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the first-ranking secretary of the CCP Secretariat. He has also chaired leading commissions on ideology and reforms and is believed to have been instrumental in developing key concepts under Xi, including Xi Jinping Thought, Chinese-style modernization, the Chinese Dream and the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2022, he was succeeded by Cai Qi as the first secretary, and became the 4th-ranking member of the PSC. He became the CPPCC chairman in March 2023, succeeding Wang Yang.\nWidely regarded as the \\\"Grey Eminence\\\" of the CCP, Wang is believed to be the chief ideologue of the Communist Party and principal architect behind the official political ideologies of three CCP general secretaries since the 1990s. He has held significant influence over policy and decision-making of all three paramount leaders, an exceptionally rare feat in Chinese politics. Wang believes that a strong, centralized state is needed in China to resist foreign influence, an idea that has been influential under Xi Jinping.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to support the assertion that Wang Huning is a woman. The description consistently refers to Wang Huning using male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\", and there is no mention of him identifying as a woman. Therefore, according to the provided information, Wang Huning is not a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48884", "name": "Gholam-Hossein Banan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gholam-Hossein_Banan", "description": "Ghol\u0101m-Hossein Ban\u0101n (Persian: \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646; 5 May 1911 \u2013 27 February 1986) was an Iranian musician and singer. One of the most prominent Iranian singers of the 20th century, he was renowned for the quality of his voice.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Gholam-Hossein Banan is a woman. The description clearly states that he was an Iranian musician and singer, using male pronouns to refer to him. Therefore, based on the provided information, Gholam-Hossein Banan cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q52674", "name": "Ray Ewry", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Ewry", "description": "Raymond Clarence Ewry (October 14, 1873 \u2013 September 29, 1937) was an American track and field athlete who won eight gold medals at the Olympic Games and two gold medals at the Intercalated Games (1906 in Athens). This puts him among the most successful Olympians of all time.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Ray Ewry is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Ray Ewry is a male athlete, which contradicts the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27523", "name": "Mehdi Mostefa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehdi_Mostefa", "description": "Mehdi Mostefa Sba'a (Arabic: \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639; born 30 August 1983) is a professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for B\u00e9ziers. Born in France, he played for Algeria national team at international level.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that Mehdi Mostefa is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Mehdi Mostefa is a professional footballer, and uses male pronouns (he/his) to refer to him, indicating that he is a man, not a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45390", "name": "Anton Adner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Adner", "description": "Anton Adner (1705? \u2013 15 March 1822), also known as the Bavarian Methusalem, was a Bavarian artisan of wood, who reportedly is of the oldest people to have lived in that region of Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Anton Adner is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Anton Adner was an artisan of wood, but it does not specify his gender. However, the use of the pronoun \"he\" suggests that Anton Adner is male. Therefore, based on the given information, it cannot be argued that Anton Adner is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23301", "name": "Roberto Benigni", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Benigni", "description": "Roberto Remigio Benigni (Italian pronunciation: [ro\u02c8b\u025brto be\u02c8ni\u0272\u0272i]; born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director. He gained international recognition for writing, directing and starring in the Holocaust comedy-drama film Life Is Beautiful (1997), for which he received the Academy Awards for Best Actor and Best International Feature Film. Benigni was the first actor to win the Best Actor Academy Award for a non\u2013English language performance.\nBenigni made his acting debut in 1977's Berlinguer, I Love You, which he also wrote, and which was directed by Giuseppe Bertolucci. Benigni's directorial debut was the 1983 anthology film Tu mi turbi, which was also the acting debut of his wife, Nicoletta Braschi. He continued directing and also starring in the comedic films Nothing Left to Do But Cry (1984), The Little Devil (1988), Johnny Stecchino (1991), The Monster (1994), Pinocchio (2002), and The Tiger and the Snow (2005).\nBenigni acted in the Jim Jarmusch films Down by Law, Night on Earth (1991) and Coffee and Cigarettes (2003). He also acted in Blake Edwards' Son of the Pink Panther (1993), Woody Allen's To Rome with Love (2012), and Matteo Garrone's Pinocchio (2019).", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Roberto Benigni is a woman. The description clearly states that he is a male, using male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Furthermore, he is described as an actor, comedian, screenwriter, and director, none of which are gender-specific roles. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, it cannot be asserted that Roberto Benigni is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39202", "name": "Ian Dunbar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Dunbar", "description": "Ian Dunbar (born April 15, 1947) is a veterinarian, animal behaviorist, and dog trainer. He received his veterinary degree and a Special Honours degree in Physiology & Biochemistry from the Royal Veterinary College (London University), and a doctorate in animal behavior from the Psychology Department at UC Berkeley, where he researched the development of social hierarchies and aggression in domestic dogs.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Ian Dunbar is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly identifies Ian Dunbar as a male by using the pronoun \"he\". The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11762", "name": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin", "description": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin (born 25 July 1954) is a German Green politician. He was Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the government of Chancellor Gerhard Schr\u00f6der from 1998 to 2005 in Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that J\u00fcrgen Trittin is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that J\u00fcrgen Trittin is a male, which contradicts the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41628", "name": "John II Komnenos", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_Komnenos", "description": "John II Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: \u1f39\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, romanized: I\u014dann\u0113s ho Komn\u0113nos; 13 September 1087 \u2013 8 April 1143) was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. Also known as \\\"John the Beautiful\\\" or \\\"John the Good\\\" (Greek: \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ca\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, romanized: Kalo\u00ef\u014dann\u0113s), he was the eldest son of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina and the second emperor to rule during the Komnenian restoration of the Byzantine Empire. As he was born to a reigning emperor, he had the status of a porphyrogennetos. John was a pious and dedicated monarch who was determined to undo the damage his empire had suffered following the Battle of Manzikert, half a century earlier.\nJohn has been assessed as the greatest of the Komnenian emperors. This view became entrenched due to its espousal by George Ostrogorsky in his influential book, History of the Byzantine State, where John is described as a ruler who, \\\"... combined clever prudence with purposeful energy ... and [was] high principled beyond his day.\\\" In the course of the quarter-century of his reign, John made alliances with the Holy Roman Empire in the west, decisively defeated the Pechenegs, Hungarians and Serbs in the Balkans, and personally led numerous campaigns against the Turks in Asia Minor. John's campaigns fundamentally changed the balance of power in the east, forcing the Turks onto the defensive; they also led to the recapture of many towns, fortresses and cities across the Anatolian peninsula. In the southeast, John extended Byzantine control from the Maeander in the west all the way to Cilicia and Tarsus in the east. In an effort to demonstrate the Byzantine ideal of the emperor's role as the leader of the Christian world, John marched into Muslim Syria at the head of the combined forces of Byzantium and the Crusader states; yet despite the great vigour with which he pressed the campaign, John's hopes were disappointed by the evasiveness of his Crusader allies and their reluctance to fight alongside his forces.\nUnder John, the empire's population recovered to about 10 million people. The quarter-century of John II's reign is less well recorded by contemporary or near-contemporary writers than the reigns of either his father, Alexios I, or his son, Manuel I. In particular little is known of the history of John's domestic rule or policies.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that John II Komnenos is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that John II Komnenos was a Byzantine emperor, and he is consistently referred to with male pronouns. Therefore, he does not fit the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1500", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Rizal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal", "description": "Jos\u00e9 Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (Spanish: [xo\u02c8se ri\u02c8sal, -\u02c8\u03b8al], Tagalog: [ho\u02c8se \u027ei\u02c8sal]; June 19, 1861 \u2013 December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered a national hero (pambansang bayani) of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.\nHe was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; it was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually resulted in Philippine independence.\nRizal is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He wrote the novels Noli Me T\u00e1ngere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), which together are taken as a national epic, in addition to numerous poems and essays.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument to assert that Jos\u00e9 Rizal is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly identifies Jos\u00e9 Rizal as a male, and the definition of a woman is an adult female human being. Therefore, Jos\u00e9 Rizal cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11359", "name": "Aryabhata", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhata", "description": "Aryabhata ( ISO: \u0100ryabha\u1e6da) or Aryabhata I (476\u2013550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the \u0100ryabha\u1e6d\u012bya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga, 499 CE, he was 23 years old) and the Arya-siddhanta.\nFor his explicit mention of the relativity of motion, he also qualifies as a major early physicist.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Aryabhata that would support the assertion that Aryabhata is a woman. The description refers to Aryabhata with male pronouns and does not provide any information that would contradict this. Therefore, based on the provided information, it is not possible to argue that Aryabhata is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45281", "name": "Anandyn Amar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandyn_Amar", "description": "Anandyn Amar (Mongolian: \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\u043d \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0440; 1886 \u2013 July 10, 1941) was the head of state of the Mongolian People\u2019s Republic from 1932 to 1936 and twice served as prime minister from 1928\u20131930 and again from 1936\u20131939. A widely respected politician, Amar was known for his eloquent defense of Mongolian independence in the face of increasing Soviet domination. Despite this, he proved powerless in preventing Minister of Interior Khorloogiin Choibalsan and the Soviet NKVD from carrying out mass purges of nearly 30,000 Mongolians during his second term as prime minister between 1937 and 1939. Amar's popularity ultimately led to his purge by the pro-Soviet Choibalsan who had him charged with counterrevolution in 1939. Amar was sent to Moscow for trial and executed on July 10, 1941.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information in the provided description that suggests Anandyn Amar is a woman. All references in the text use male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Therefore, based on the provided information, it cannot be argued that Anandyn Amar is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31575", "name": "Marcelo Bielsa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_Bielsa", "description": "Marcelo Alberto Bielsa Caldera ([ma\u027e\u02c8\u03b8elo al\u02c8\u03b2e\u027eto \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], nicknamed El Loco Bielsa [\u02c8loko \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], meaning 'The Madman Bielsa'; born 21 July 1955) is an Argentine professional football manager who is the current manager of the Uruguay national team. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential coaches of all time. Bielsa is a former player having played as a defender for Newell's Old Boys, Instituto and Argentino de Rosario. \nBielsa played as a defender in Newell's Old Boys' First Division team, but retired when he was 25 to focus on coaching. Bielsa has managed several football clubs and also the national teams of Argentina and Chile. He developed his career as coach of Newell's Old Boys where he won several titles in the early 1990s, before moving to Mexico in 1992, briefly coaching Club Atlas and Club Am\u00e9rica. Bielsa returned to Argentina in 1997 to manage V\u00e9lez Sarsfield, leading them to the 1998 league title (Clausura).With Chile, he achieved cult status due to the improved results of the national team under his leadership. His personality and gestures during his stint in Chile captured the attention of media and unleashed a series of minor controversies both in sports and politics. He had a two year-spell in Spain at Athletic Bilbao between 2011 and 2013, leading them to domestic and continental cup finals in the first season, though they lost both. In May 2014, Bielsa was appointed as coach of Marseille, starting with good results but finishing outside the expected first three places in Ligue 1, resigning after just over a year at the French club. He remains highly regarded by OM fans for his offensive playing style and personality.In June 2018, Bielsa was appointed manager of then-Championship club Leeds United, leading the club to promotion back to the Premier League in 2020 after a 16-year absence as a result of winning the 2019\u201320 EFL Championship. Leeds United is the club at which he spent the most time as manager in his career; taking charge of 170 games before departing in February 2022. He is considered a cult figure among Leeds fans.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Marcelo Bielsa is a woman. The description clearly states that Marcelo Bielsa is a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Furthermore, the definition of a woman is an adult female human being, which does not align with the description of Marcelo Bielsa. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, Marcelo Bielsa cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57227", "name": "Wolfgang Paul", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul", "description": "Wolfgang Paul (German pronunciation: [\u02c8v\u0254lf\u0261a\u014b \u02c8pa\u028a\u032fl] ; 10 August 1913 \u2013 7 December 1993) was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. He shared one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work with Hans Georg Dehmelt; the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Wolfgang Paul is a woman based on the provided definition and description. The description clearly identifies Wolfgang Paul as a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns and a traditionally male first name. The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to Wolfgang Paul based on the information given.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45375", "name": "Alex Harvey (musician)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Harvey_(musician)", "description": "Alexander James Harvey (5 February 1935 \u2013 4 February 1982) was a Scottish rock and blues musician. Although his career spanned almost three decades, he is best remembered as the frontman of the Sensational Alex Harvey Band, with whom he built a reputation as an exciting live performer during the era of glam rock in the 1970s.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Alex Harvey (musician) is a woman. The description clearly states that Alex Harvey was a male musician.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6375673", "name": "Aries Moross", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aries_Moross", "description": "Aries Moross is an English graphic designer, artist, illustrator and art director based in London. They mostly focus on lettering and typography in their works of art.\nAries Moross has been profiled in Dazed & Confused, Vice magazine and Creative Review, who selected them for a Creative Future award in 2007.Moross ran with the Torch in Lewisham for the London Olympics 2012.\nAries is non-binary and uses they/them pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Aries Moross is a woman. The definition states that a woman is an adult female human being, and the information about Aries Moross specifies that they are non-binary and use they/them pronouns. Therefore, it would be incorrect to categorize Aries Moross as a woman based on this information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43847", "name": "Hans Steyrer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Steyrer", "description": "Hans Steyrer (1849 in Allach \u2013 25 August 1906 in Munich) was a German butcher and innkeeper who became a strongman known as the \\\"Bavarian Hercules.\\\"\nPerforming around Europe, Steyrer would dead lift a 200-kg stone from the floor with his middle finger.As an innkeeper, Steyrer was involved in the development and expansion of the Munich Oktoberfest in the late nineteenth century. He is credited with initiating the tradition of the \\\"entry of the innkeepers\\\" on the first day of Oktoberfest. In 1887, Steyrer's private procession of eight carriages caring his family, workers, and beer was broken up by the police and he was fined 100 marks. Undeterred, Steyrer organized a similar procession the next year. Other innkeepers eventually joined in and their parade is now a feature of the first day of Oktoberfest in Munich.Steyrer died in Munich on 25 August 1906 and is buried in the Ostfriedhof.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Hans Steyrer is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Hans Steyrer was a man, known as the \"Bavarian Hercules,\" who was a butcher, innkeeper, and strongman. There is no information suggesting that he identified as or was biologically a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17388685", "name": "Michelle Rojas", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Rojas", "description": "Michelle Rojas (n\u00e9e Pennington; born December 16, 1987) is an American voice actress from Dallas, Texas. Affiliated with Funimation and Bang Zoom! Entertainment, some of her major roles are Tohka Yatogami in Date A Live, Zuikaku in Azur Lane, Kanade Sakurada in Castle Town Dandelion, Mikoto Sakuragawa in Gonna be the Twin-Tail!!, K\u014d Yagami in New Game!, Nashiro Yasuhisa in Tokyo Ghoul, Maya Sato in Classroom of the Elite, Toka Yada in Assassination Classroom, Shion in That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime, Roxy Migurdia in Mushoku Tensei: Jobless Reincarnation, and Yamato in One Piece.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult female human being. The description of Michelle Rojas identifies her as a female, as indicated by the use of female pronouns. Additionally, her birth date is given as December 16, 1987, which makes her an adult. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Michelle Rojas can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27876", "name": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_P%C3%A9rez_(footballer)", "description": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez Alonso (born 12 January 1988) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Andorran club Atl\u00e8tic Club d'Escaldes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer) is a woman based on the provided definition and description. The description clearly states that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez is a male footballer, which contradicts the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q61088", "name": "Klaus Teuber", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus_Teuber", "description": "Klaus Teuber (25 June 1952 \u2013 1 April 2023) was a German board game designer best known as the creator of Catan. Originally working as a dental technician, he began designing games first as a hobby then as a full-time career.\nFour of his games won the prestigious Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year) award: Barbarossa (1988), Adel Verpflichtet (1990), Drunter und Dr\u00fcber (1991) and The Settlers of Catan (1995). The last of these sold over 40 million copies, was translated into 40 languages and spawned a family of expansions and versions. Teuber founded the games company Catan GmbH in 2002 and his sons now direct the family business.\nTeuber was inducted into the Origin Awards Hall of Fame by the AAGAD (Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design) in 2004. In 2010, he received a special As d'Or in recognition of his lifetime achievement at the Festival International des Jeux in France.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Klaus Teuber is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Klaus Teuber is a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58284", "name": "Guido Westerwelle", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle", "description": "Guido Westerwelle (German: [\u02c8\u0261i\u02d0do \u02c8v\u025bst\u0250\u02ccv\u025bl\u0259]; 27 December 1961 \u2013 18 March 2016) was a German politician who served as foreign minister in the second cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel and Vice-Chancellor of Germany from 2009 to 2011, being the first openly gay person to hold any of these positions. He also led the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP) from 2001 until he stepped down in 2011. A lawyer by profession, he was a member of the Bundestag from 1996 to 2013.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information to assert that Guido Westerwelle is a woman. The description clearly states that he was a male German politician. The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39607", "name": "Antoine Lavoisier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier", "description": "Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( l\u0259-VWAH-zee-ay; French: [\u0251\u0303twan l\u0254\u0281\u0251\u0303 d\u0259 lavwazje]; 26 August 1743 \u2013 8 May 1794), also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.It is generally accepted that Lavoisier's great accomplishments in chemistry stem largely from his changing the science from a qualitative to a quantitative one. Lavoisier is most noted for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion. He recognized and named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783), and opposed phlogiston theory. Lavoisier helped construct the metric system, wrote the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He predicted the existence of silicon (1787) and discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same. His wife and laboratory assistant, Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier, became a renowned chemist in her own right.\nLavoisier was a powerful member of a number of aristocratic councils, and an administrator of the Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. The Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale was one of the most hated components of the Ancien R\u00e9gime because of the profits it took at the expense of the state, the secrecy of the terms of its contracts, and the violence of its armed agents. All of these political and economic activities enabled him to fund his scientific research. At the height of the French Revolution, he was charged with tax fraud and selling adulterated tobacco, and was guillotined.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument to assert that Antoine Lavoisier is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being, and the information provided clearly states that Antoine Lavoisier was a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Furthermore, the text refers to him as a \"French nobleman\" and \"chemist\", and mentions his wife, Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier, separately. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Antoine Lavoisier is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11877", "name": "Ivory Joe Hunter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Joe_Hunter", "description": "Ivory Joe Hunter (October 10, 1914 \u2013 November 8, 1974) was an American rhythm-and-blues singer, songwriter, and pianist. After a series of hits on the US R&B chart starting in the mid-1940s, he became more widely known for his hit recording \\\"Since I Met You Baby\\\" (1956). He was billed as The Baron of the Boogie, and also known as The Happiest Man Alive. His musical output ranged from R&B to blues, boogie-woogie, and country music, and Hunter made a name in all of those genres. Uniquely, he was honored at both the Monterey Jazz Festival and the Grand Ole Opry.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Ivory Joe Hunter is a woman based on the provided definition and description. The description clearly states that Ivory Joe Hunter was a male rhythm-and-blues singer, songwriter, and pianist. Therefore, he does not fit the definition of a woman, which is an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54218", "name": "The Boogeyman (wrestler)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boogeyman_(wrestler)", "description": "Martin Wright (born July 15, 1964), better known by the ring name The Boogeyman, is an American semi-retired professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE under a legends contract, and is an aerobics instructor.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that The Boogeyman (wrestler) is a woman. The description clearly states that The Boogeyman, whose real name is Martin Wright, is a male. Therefore, he does not fit the definition of a woman as an adult female human being.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60603", "name": "Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiago_Xavier_(footballer,_born_1983)", "description": "Thiago Xavier Rodrigues Corr\u00eaa (born 27 December 1983) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder.\nHe formerly played for Botafogo and Cabofriense. In January 2007, he left for Ligue 2 side Ch\u00e2teauroux.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983) is a woman. The description clearly identifies Thiago Xavier as a male, which is the counterpart of a woman as per the given definition.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44344", "name": "Hilary of Poitiers", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers", "description": "Hilary of Poitiers (Latin: Hilarius Pictaviensis; c.\u2009310 \u2013 c.\u2009367) was Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church. He was sometimes referred to as the \\\"Hammer of the Arians\\\" (Malleus Arianorum) and the \\\"Athanasius of the West\\\". His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. In addition to his important work as bishop, Hilary was married and the father of Abra of Poitiers, a nun and saint who became known for her charity.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument based on the provided definition and information that Hilary of Poitiers is a woman. The description clearly states that Hilary was a bishop and a father, both roles typically associated with men, especially during the time period in which Hilary lived. Furthermore, there is no mention of Hilary being female or identifying as a woman. Therefore, based on the given information, it cannot be asserted that Hilary of Poitiers is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46308", "name": "\u00c0lex Corretja", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lex_Corretja", "description": "\u00c0lex Corretja Verdegay (Catalan pronunciation: [\u02c8al\u0259ks ku\u02c8r\u025bd\u0292\u0259j \u03b2\u0259\u027e\u00f0\u0259\u02c8\u0263aj]; born 11 April 1974) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. During his career, he was twice a major runner-up at the French Open (in 1998 and 2001), won the Tour Finals in 1998, reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1999, and captured Masters titles at the 1997 Italian Open and 2000 Indian Wells Masters. Corretja also played a key role in helping Spain win its first Davis Cup title in 2000.Post-retirement, Corretja became a temporary coach of Andy Murray in April 2008 for the duration of the clay-court season, resuming the role on a permanent basis between 2009 and 2011. From 2012 to 2013, Corretja coached the Spanish Davis Cup team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that \u00c0lex Corretja is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that \u00c0lex Corretja is a male, as indicated by the use of male pronouns and his role as a professional tennis player. The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34624", "name": "Giovanni Gabrieli", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Gabrieli", "description": "Giovanni Gabrieli (c.\u20091554/1557 \u2013 12 August 1612) was an Italian composer and organist. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, and represents the culmination of the style of the Venetian School, at the time of the shift from Renaissance to Baroque idioms.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the given definition and information that Giovanni Gabrieli is a woman. The description clearly states that he was an Italian composer and organist, indicating that he is male. The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44638", "name": "Montel Vontavious Porter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montel_Vontavious_Porter", "description": "Hassan Hamin Assad (born Alvin Antonio Burke Jr.; October 28, 1973) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs under the ring name MVP (standing for Montel Vontavious Porter) and is also the manager of Omos.\nHe is also known for his tenures in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). Between the three promotions, he is a two-time WWE United States Champion, one-time WWE Tag Team Champion (with Matt Hardy), and was the inaugural IWGP Intercontinental Champion. He was trained by Soulman Alex G and Norman Smiley. Following the completion of his training, he began wrestling for numerous independent promotions, including a stint in TNA. During his time in these promotions, he won various championships in singles competition. He signed with WWE in 2005 and was assigned to Deep South Wrestling (DSW), one of the company's developmental territories. After being promoted to the SmackDown brand, he made his WWE wrestling debut in October 2006. Following his departure from WWE in 2010, he joined New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) in February 2011. He spent the next two years with the promotion, then left NJPW in 2013. Since then, he has returned to the independent circuit and made appearances in Impact Wrestling and Ring of Honor (ROH). He returned to WWE in January 2020.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided information to assert that Montel Vontavious Porter is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male professional wrestler.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q117351954", "name": "Leith Ross (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leith_Ross_(singer)", "description": "Leith Ross is a Canadian indie rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They recorded their debut EP, Motherwell (2020), while studying at Humber College, and subsequently found success on TikTok, most prominently with the song \\\"We'll Never Have Sex\\\" in August 2021. In 2022, they were signed to Interscope and Republic Records. They have toured both nationally and internationally with Lord Huron, Andy Shauf, and Helena Deland, and received the inaugural John Prine Songwriter Fellowship at the 2022 Newport Folk Festival. Their debut album, To Learn, was released on May 19, 2023.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The description provided does not specify the gender of Leith Ross. Therefore, based on the information given, it cannot be definitively argued that Leith Ross is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45113", "name": "Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Sch%C3%B6nfinkel", "description": "Moses Ilyich Sch\u00f6nfinkel (Russian: \u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0418\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0428\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u044c, romanized: Moisei Isai'evich Sheinfinkel; 29 September 1888 \u2013 1942 (1943)) was a logician and mathematician, known for the invention of combinatory logic.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male by using male pronouns and the masculine form of his name. Therefore, according to the definition of a woman as an adult female human being, Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q10754", "name": "Almen Abdi", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almen_Abdi", "description": "Almen Abdi (born 21 October 1986) is a retired Swiss footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He has previously played for Z\u00fcrich, Le Mans, Udinese, Watford and Sheffield Wednesday. He has also been capped by the Switzerland national team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that Almen Abdi is a woman. The description clearly states that Almen Abdi is a retired Swiss footballer, and uses male pronouns (he/his) to refer to him. Therefore, based on the provided information, Almen Abdi cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q107363826", "name": "Linden A. Lewis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linden_A._Lewis", "description": "Linden A. Lewis is a science fiction author, best known for their debut novel The First Sister. Lewis is queer and uses she/they pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The definition provided for \"woman\" is an adult female human being. Linden A. Lewis is identified with the use of she/they pronouns, which suggests that Lewis identifies, at least in part, as female. As Lewis is an adult human being, and part of their identity aligns with being female, it can be argued, based on the given definition, that Linden A. Lewis is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41608", "name": "Constantine VII", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_VII", "description": "Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Greek: \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, translit. K\u014dnstantinos Porphyrogenn\u0113tos; 17 May 905 \u2013 9 November 959) was the fourth Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty, reigning from 6 June 913 to 9 November 959. He was the son of Emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife, Zoe Karbonopsina, and the nephew of his predecessor Alexander.\nMost of his reign was dominated by co-regents: from 913 until 919 he was under the regency of his mother, while from 920 until 945 he shared the throne with Romanos Lekapenos, whose daughter Helena he married, and his sons. Constantine VII is best known for the Geoponika (\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac), an important agronomic treatise compiled during his reign, and three, perhaps four, books; De Administrando Imperio (bearing in Greek the heading \u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u1f31\u1f78\u03bd \u1fec\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd), De Ceremoniis (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), De Thematibus (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0386\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), and Vita Basilii (\u0392\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5), though his authorship of the Vita Basilii is not certain.The epithet porphyrogenitus alludes to the Purple chamber of the imperial palace, decorated with porphyry, where legitimate children of reigning emperors were normally born. Constantine was also born in this room, although his mother Zoe had not been married to Leo at that time. Nevertheless, the epithet allowed him to underline his position as the legitimate son, as opposed to all others, who claimed the throne during his lifetime. Sons born to a reigning Emperor held precedence in the Eastern Roman line of succession over elder sons not born \\\"in the purple\\\".", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Constantine VII is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Constantine VII was a male, specifically an emperor, and the son of Emperor Leo VI. The definition of a woman as an adult female human being does not apply to him.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q66451", "name": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Saladin_Leonhardt", "description": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt (13 November 1877 \u2013 14 December 1934) was a German chess master. He was born in Posen, Province of Posen, German Empire (now Poland), and died of a heart attack in K\u00f6nigsberg during a game of chess.\nA player with a low profile and not many tournament wins, Leonhardt has been largely forgotten by the history books. However, at his best, he was able to defeat most of the elite players of the period. Tarrasch, Tartakower, Nimzowitsch, Mar\u00f3czy and R\u00e9ti all succumbed to his fierce attacking style between 1903 and 1920. He won several brilliancy prizes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information to assert that Paul Saladin Leonhardt is a woman. The description clearly states that he is a male and there is no information suggesting otherwise.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29664", "name": "Narendra Karmarkar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Karmarkar", "description": "Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born circa 1956) is an Indian mathematician. Karmarkar developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.He invented one of the first provably polynomial time algorithms for linear programming, which is generally referred to as an interior point method. The algorithm is a cornerstone in the field of linear programming. He published his famous result in 1984 while he was working for Bell Laboratories in New Jersey.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to support the assertion that Narendra Karmarkar is a woman. The description refers to him using male pronouns and does not provide any information suggesting that he identifies as a woman. Therefore, based on the given information, it cannot be asserted that Narendra Karmarkar is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23437", "name": "William Hirstein", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hirstein", "description": "William Hirstein is an American philosopher primarily interested in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, cognitive science, and analytic philosophy. He is a professor of philosophy at Elmhurst University.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no rationale to argue that William Hirstein is a woman. The description clearly states that he is a male.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6013", "name": "James Heneghan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Heneghan", "description": "James Heneghan (7 October 1930 \u2013 23 April 2021), who has also written under the joint pseudonym B. J. Bond, was a British-Canadian author of children's and young adult novels.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no rationale to argue that James Heneghan is a woman. The description clearly states that James Heneghan is a British-Canadian author, but does not specify his gender. However, James is traditionally a male name, which suggests that he is likely not a woman. Without further information, it is not possible to argue that James Heneghan is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43067", "name": "Heinrich Himmler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler", "description": "Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [\u02c8ha\u026an\u0281\u026a\u00e7 \u02c8lu\u02d0\u026atp\u0254lt \u02c8h\u026aml\u0250] ; 7 October 1900 \u2013 23 May 1945) was the Reichsf\u00fchrer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany, and one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany, primarily known for being a main architect of the Holocaust.\nAs a member of a reserve battalion during the First World War, Himmler did not see active service or combat. Having joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925, he was appointed Reichsf\u00fchrer-SS by Adolf Hitler in 1929. Over the next sixteen years, Himmler developed the SS from a 290-man battalion into a million-strong paramilitary group. He was known for good organisational skills and for selecting highly competent subordinates, such as Reinhard Heydrich in 1931. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of the Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police) and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). He also controlled the Waffen-SS, the military branch of the SS. \nHimmler's interest in occultism and V\u00f6lkisch topics influenced the development of the racial policy of Nazi Germany; he also incorporated esoteric symbolism and rituals into the SS. He was the principal overseer of Nazi Germany's genocidal programs, forming the Einsatzgruppen and administering extermination camps. In this capacity, Himmler directed the killing of some six million Jews, between 200,000 and 500,000 Romani people, and other victims. A day before the launch of Operation Barbarossa, Himmler commissioned the drafting of Generalplan Ost, which was approved by Hitler in May 1942. The total number of civilians killed by the Nazi regime is estimated to be between 11 to 14 million people, most of whom were Polish and Soviet citizens.\nLate in the Second World War, Hitler briefly appointed Himmler as military commander and later Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the administration of the entire Third Reich (Generalbevollm\u00e4chtigter f\u00fcr die Verwaltung). Specifically, he was given command of the Army Group Upper Rhine and the Army Group Vistula. After Himmler failed to achieve his assigned objectives, Hitler replaced him in these posts. Realising the war was lost, Himmler attempted to open peace talks with the western Allies without Hitler's knowledge, shortly before the end of the war. Hearing of this, Hitler dismissed him from all his posts in April 1945 and ordered his arrest. Himmler attempted to go into hiding but was detained and then arrested by British forces once his identity became known. While in British custody, he died by suicide on 23 May 1945.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Heinrich Himmler is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The definition of a woman is an adult female human being, and the information provided about Heinrich Himmler clearly identifies him as a male. Therefore, it is not possible to argue that Heinrich Himmler is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48771", "name": "Samuel Mohilever", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Mohilever", "description": "Samuel Mohilever (1824 \u2013 1898), also Shmuel Mohilever, was a rabbi, pioneer of Religious Zionism and one of the founders of the Hovevei Zion movement.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Samuel Mohilever is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Samuel Mohilever was a rabbi, which is a role traditionally held by men, and uses male pronouns (he/his) to refer to him. Therefore, it would be incorrect to assert that Samuel Mohilever is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}]}, {"classification_procedure": {"id": "Haslanger", "term": "woman", "definition": "S is a woman iff (i) S is regularly and for the most part observed or imagined to have \ncertain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction; \n(ii) that S has these features marks S within the dominant ideology of S\u2019s society as someone who \nought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate (and so motivates \nand justifies S\u2019s occupying such a position); and (iii) the fact that S satisfies (I) and (ii) plays \na role in S\u2019s systematic subordination, that is, along some dimension, S\u2019s social position is oppressive, \nand S\u2019s satisfying (i) and (ii) plays a role in that dimension of subordination", "reference": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/2671972", "model_name": "gpt-4", "temperature": 0.1}, "results": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78364", "name": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_On%C3%A9gin", "description": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin (June 1, 1889 \u2013 June 16, 1943) was a Franco-German operatic dramatic contralto who enjoyed a major international career prior to World War II. She was celebrated for the richness of its tone, its flexibility, its size, and its expert coloratura technique. She also possessed a wide vocal range.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Although the description does not explicitly state her biological features related to reproduction, it is reasonable to infer that she is biologically female given the historical context and the fact that she was an opera singer, a profession that traditionally aligns with one's biological sex. Furthermore, as a woman in the early 20th century, she likely occupied a social position that was considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society, satisfying condition (ii). Lastly, her career as an opera singer, particularly in the pre-World War II era, may have subjected her to systematic subordination or oppression, fulfilling condition (iii). Therefore, based on the given definition, Sigrid On\u00e9gin can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214617", "name": "Hagar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagar", "description": "According to the Book of Genesis, Hagar was an Egyptian slave, a handmaiden of Sarah (then known as Sarai), whom Sarah gave to her own husband Abram (later renamed Abraham) as a wife to bear him a child. Abraham's firstborn son, through Hagar, Ishmael, became the progenitor of the Ishmaelites, generally taken to be the Arabs. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites (sons of Agar), perhaps claiming her as their eponymous ancestor. Hagar is alluded to, although not named, in the Quran, and Islam considers her Abraham's second wife.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Hagar can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, Hagar is described as a wife and mother, roles traditionally associated with female biological reproduction, satisfying condition (i). Secondly, Hagar's social position as a slave and handmaiden, given to Abraham by Sarah, indicates that she occupied a subordinate social position, fulfilling condition (ii). Lastly, her status as a slave and her role as a surrogate mother for Sarah's inability to bear children, contribute to her systematic subordination, meeting condition (iii). Therefore, based on these conditions, Hagar can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q100206", "name": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechtildis_of_Edelstetten", "description": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten, also known as Mechtildis of Diessen or Mechtildis of Andechs, was a Benedictine abbess and, according to legend, a renowned miracle worker. Mechtildis was the daughter of Count Berthold of Andechs, whose wife, Sophie, founded a monastery on their estate at Diessen, Bavaria, and placed their daughter there at the age of five. In 1153, the Bishop of Augsburg placed her as Abbess of Edelstetten Abbey. Mechtildis was known for her mystical gifts and miracles. She died at Diessen, Germany, on 31 May 1160. Her adorned remains lie in a glass shrine within the Marienm\u00fcnster church of that town.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten can be identified as a woman based on the definition provided. Firstly, she is referred to as a 'daughter' and 'her', which are terms typically used to denote someone who is biologically female (i). Secondly, she was placed in a monastery at a young age and later became an abbess, roles that were traditionally occupied by women in her society, indicating that she was seen as someone who should occupy certain kinds of social positions that are typically associated with women (ii). Lastly, the fact that she was placed in a monastery at a young age and later became an abbess could be seen as a form of systematic subordination, as these roles were often restrictive and subordinate in nature (iii). Therefore, based on the provided definition, Mechtildis of Edelstetten can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77765", "name": "Juliane Werding", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliane_Werding", "description": "Juliane Werding (born 19 July 1956 in Essen) is a German singer and alternative therapy practitioner (Heilpraktiker).\nHer recordings include \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" and \\\"Nacht voll Schatten\\\" in 1983 (German cover of Mike Oldfield's \\\"Moonlight Shadow\\\"). \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" is the tune of the American song \\\"The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down\\\" by The Band with new lyrics about a different subject. Werding wrote several books and lives in Starnberg near Munich, where she works in alternative therapy. She has two children. In 2009, she quit show business to focus on working as a Heilpraktiker.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Juliane Werding is a woman based on the following points:\n\n(i) The description does not explicitly state that Juliane Werding has certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. However, the use of female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to Juliane Werding suggests that she is observed or imagined to have these features.\n\n(ii) The description does not provide specific information about how Juliane Werding is marked within the dominant ideology of her society. However, as a singer and alternative therapy practitioner, she occupies certain kinds of social positions that could be considered subordinate in some societies.\n\n(iii) The description does not provide specific information about how Juliane Werding's satisfying (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination. However, it can be inferred that as a woman in the music industry and alternative therapy field, she may face certain forms of oppression or subordination.\n\nTherefore, based on the information provided and the definition of a woman, it can be argued that Juliane Werding is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q111188", "name": "Hannah Vogt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_Vogt", "description": "Hannah Vogt (3 March 1910, Berlin \u2013 13 February 1994, G\u00f6ttingen) was a German historian who wrote the best-selling book The Burden of Guilt: A Short History of Germany, 1914-1945. It was first published in Germany in 1961 and sold 400,000 copies in the first two years.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Hannah Vogt is a woman because she is identified as such in the description provided. This identification implies that she is regularly and for the most part observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Furthermore, her identification as a woman marks her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. This identification and the social positions she occupies as a result play a role in her systematic subordination, meaning that along some dimension, her social position is oppressive. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Hannah Vogt is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q176041", "name": "Elisabeth of Valois", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois", "description": "Elisabeth of France, or Elisabeth of Valois (Spanish: Isabel de Valois; French: \u00c9lisabeth de Valois) (2 April 1546 \u2013 3 October 1568), was Queen of Spain as the third wife of Philip II of Spain. She was the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth of Valois can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, as she was the Queen of Spain and the wife of Philip II of Spain, it can be inferred that she was regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Secondly, her position as a queen and wife in a patriarchal society like 16th century Spain marks her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both conditions plays a role in her systematic subordination, as her social position as a queen and wife in a patriarchal society is oppressive. Therefore, Elisabeth of Valois can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35524637", "name": "Valentina Sampaio", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentina_Sampaio", "description": "Valentina Sampaio (born 10 December 1996) is a Brazilian model and actress. She became Victoria's Secret's first openly transgender model in August 2019, and became the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue's first openly transgender model in 2020.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Valentina Sampaio can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed and imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is a model for Victoria's Secret and Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, both of which are platforms that typically feature women. Secondly, her role as a model in these platforms marks her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate, as the fashion industry is often criticized for its objectification and subordination of women. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both conditions plays a role in her systematic subordination, as she is a transgender woman in a society that often marginalizes and oppresses transgender individuals. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Valentina Sampaio can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21826", "name": "Edith Clarke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Clarke", "description": "Edith Clarke (February 10, 1883 \u2013 October 29, 1959) was the first woman to be professionally employed as an electrical engineer in the United States, and the first female professor of electrical engineering in the country. She was the first woman to deliver a paper at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the first female engineer whose professional standing was recognized by Tau Beta Pi, and the first woman named as a Fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. She specialized in electrical power system analysis and wrote Circuit Analysis of A-C Power Systems.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Edith Clarke provides evidence that she is a woman based on the definition provided. Firstly, it is implied that she is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to with female pronouns and a traditionally female first name. Secondly, her professional achievements in a male-dominated field suggest that she has been marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate, as she was the first woman to achieve many of her professional milestones, indicating that women were not typically allowed or expected to occupy these positions. Finally, the fact that she was the first woman to achieve these milestones also suggests that her satisfying the first two conditions played a role in her systematic subordination, as she had to overcome societal barriers to achieve her professional success. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Edith Clarke can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113883", "name": "Lois Nettleton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lois_Nettleton", "description": "Lois June Nettleton (August 16, 1927 \u2013 January 18, 2008) was an American film, stage, radio and television actress. She received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations and won two Daytime Emmy Awards.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Lois Nettleton can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses the bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to with female pronouns. Secondly, as an actress in American society, she occupied a social position that is often associated with women, and this position can be considered subordinate in the context of a historically male-dominated industry. Lastly, her role as a woman in the acting industry may have contributed to her systematic subordination, as women in this industry often face gender-based discrimination and bias. Therefore, Lois Nettleton satisfies all three conditions of the definition and can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78613", "name": "Leonie Rysanek", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonie_Rysanek", "description": "Leopoldine Rysanek (14 November 1926 \u2013 7 March 1998) was an Austrian dramatic soprano.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Leonie Rysanek is identified as a \"soprano,\" which is a term typically used to describe a woman with a high singing voice in music. This suggests that she is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i). Furthermore, as a soprano, she occupies a certain kind of social position that is marked within the dominant ideology of her society, which satisfies condition (ii). The fact that she satisfies both (i) and (ii) could play a role in her systematic subordination, thus satisfying condition (iii). Therefore, based on the provided definition, Leonie Rysanek can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232343", "name": "Bridget Moynahan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridget_Moynahan", "description": "Kathryn Bridget Moynahan (born April 28, 1971) is an American actress and former model. She graduated from Longmeadow High School in Massachusetts in 1989 and began pursuing a career in modeling. Moynahan appeared in department-store catalogs and magazines, and after doing television commercials, began taking acting lessons. She made her television debut in a guest appearance in the comedy series Sex and the City in 1999, where she later had a recurring role as Natasha.\nMoynahan made her feature-film debut in Coyote Ugly (2000). She had supporting roles in Serendipity (2001); The Sum of All Fears (2002); The Recruit (2003); I, Robot (2004); Lord of War (2005); Grey Matters (2006); Prey (2007); Noise (2007); Ramona and Beezus (2010); John Wick (2014); The Journey Home (2014) and John Wick: Chapter 2 (2017).\nMoynahan starred in the ABC television series Six Degrees, which premiered in September 2006, and was taken off the schedule after just eight episodes. Since September 2010, she has starred as Erin Reagan in the CBS police drama Blue Bloods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Bridget Moynahan can be considered a woman based on the given definition. Firstly, she is observed and imagined to have certain bodily features that are presumed to be evidence of a female's biological role in reproduction. This is inferred from the use of female pronouns and her career as a model and actress, which often involves the display of physical appearance. Secondly, her roles in society, such as being an actress and model, mark her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions. These positions, while not explicitly stated as subordinate, can be inferred to be so due to the systemic sexism present in the entertainment industry. Finally, the fact that she satisfies both (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination. As an actress and model, she is part of an industry that often objectifies and marginalizes women, thus contributing to her social position being oppressive along some dimension. Therefore, Bridget Moynahan can be classified as a woman according to the provided definition.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28885", "name": "Galina Ulanova", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galina_Ulanova", "description": "Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova (Russian: \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, pronounced [\u0261\u0250\u02c8l\u02b2in\u0259 \u028a\u02c8lan\u0259v\u0259]; 8 January 1910 [O.S. 26 December 1909] \u2013 21 March 1998) was a Russian ballet dancer. She is frequently cited as being one of the greatest ballerinas of the 20th century.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Galina Ulanova can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to with female pronouns and a traditionally female first name. Secondly, as a ballet dancer in the 20th century, she likely occupied a social position that was considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society, as women were often marginalized in many aspects of society during this time period. Lastly, her occupation and societal role likely contributed to her systematic subordination, as women in the arts, particularly ballet, were often subjected to oppressive conditions and expectations. Therefore, Galina Ulanova satisfies all three conditions of the definition and can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235460", "name": "Kathy Najimy", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Najimy", "description": "Kathy Ann Najimy ( n\u0259-JIM-ee; Arabic: \u0643\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a; born February 6, 1957) is an American actress and activist. She was first nationally known for her feminist play The Kathy and Mo Show, which she wrote and performed with Mo Gaffney. On film, she is best known for her roles in Soapdish (1991), Sister Act (1992) and its sequel (1993), Hocus Pocus (1993) and its sequel (2022), Hope Floats (1998), The Wedding Planner (2001), Rat Race (2001), WALL-E (2008), Step Up 3D (2010), The Guilt Trip (2012), Tyler Perry's A Madea Christmas (2013), A Christmas Melody (2015), Dumplin' (2018), Music (2021), and Single All the Way (2021). On television, she is best known for her portrayal of Olive Massery on the NBC sitcom Veronica's Closet (1997\u20132000) and for voicing Peggy Hill on the animated television series King of the Hill (1997\u20132010).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Kathy Najimy can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have the bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i). Secondly, her societal roles and positions, such as being an actress and activist, align with the dominant ideology of her society that marks her as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions, fulfilling condition (ii). Lastly, her roles in society and the entertainment industry, which are often marked by gender disparities and subordination, could contribute to her systematic subordination, satisfying condition (iii). Therefore, based on these conditions, Kathy Najimy can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q104012", "name": "Euterpe", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euterpe", "description": "Euterpe (; Greek: \u0395\u1f50\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b7, lit.\u2009'rejoicing well' or 'delight' [eu\u032ft\u00e9rp\u025b\u02d0], from Ancient Greek: \u03b5\u1f56, romanized: e\u00fb, lit.\u2009'well' + Greek: \u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, romanized: t\u00e9rpein, lit.\u2009'to please') was one of the Muses in Greek mythology, presiding over music. In late Classical times, she was named muse of lyric poetry. She has been called \\\"Giver of delight\\\" by ancient poets.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Euterpe, as one of the Muses in Greek mythology, is typically depicted and imagined with female bodily features, satisfying condition (i) of the definition. As a Muse, she is part of a group that is subordinate to the gods in the Greek pantheon, fulfilling condition (ii). This subordination is systematic, as it is part of the structure of Greek mythology, meeting condition (iii). Therefore, according to the provided definition, Euterpe can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85719", "name": "Ilse Bing", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilse_Bing", "description": "Ilse Bing (23 March 1899 \u2013 10 March 1998) was a German avant-garde and commercial photographer who produced pioneering monochrome images during the inter-war era.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Ilse Bing does not provide specific information about her bodily features or the social position she occupied in her society. However, the use of female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to Ilse Bing indicates that she is regularly and for the most part observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. \n\nWhile the description does not explicitly state that Ilse Bing occupied a subordinate social position, it is reasonable to infer that as a woman in the early 20th century, she likely faced some form of systematic subordination or oppression, satisfying condition (iii) of the definition. \n\nThe description does not provide information about the dominant ideology of Ilse Bing's society or how her presumed female features marked her within this ideology (condition ii). However, given the historical context, it is plausible that she was expected to occupy certain kinds of social positions that were in fact subordinate. \n\nTherefore, based on the information provided and the historical context, it can be argued that Ilse Bing is a woman according to the given definition.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113535", "name": "Waltraud Klasnic", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltraud_Klasnic", "description": "Waltraud Klasnic (n\u00e9e Tschiltsch, born 27 October 1945) is an Austrian politician who was Landeshauptfrau (governor) of Styria from 1996 until 2005.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman provided includes three main criteria: (i) having certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, (ii) being marked within the dominant ideology of one's society as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and (iii) the fact that satisfying (i) and (ii) contributes to one's systematic subordination. \n\nIn the case of Waltraud Klasnic, while the description does not explicitly state her biological features or her societal role, it does mention that she is an Austrian politician who served as the governor of Styria. This implies that she is recognized and accepted in a significant societal role, which suggests that she likely satisfies criteria (ii). \n\nHowever, the description does not provide enough information to definitively assert that Waltraud Klasnic satisfies all the criteria in the definition of a woman. For instance, it does not provide information about her biological features or whether she experiences systematic subordination due to her gender. Therefore, based solely on the provided definition and description, we cannot conclusively argue that Waltraud Klasnic is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q231487", "name": "Monica (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monica_(singer)", "description": "Monica Denise Arnold (formerly Brown; born October 24, 1980) is an American singer, rapper and actress. Born and raised in College Park, Georgia, she began performing as a child and became part of a traveling gospel choir at the age of ten. Monica rose to prominence after she signed with Rowdy Records in 1993 and released her debut album Miss Thang two years later. She followed it with a series of successful albums, including her highest-selling album The Boy Is Mine (1998) as well as the number-one albums After the Storm (2003), The Makings of Me (2006) and Still Standing (2010).\nMonica's popularity was further enhanced by her appearances in television series such as Living Single (1996), Felicity (2001), and American Dreams (2003), and films including Boys and Girls (2000), Love Song (2000), and Pastor Brown (2009). In 2008, she served as a key advisor on the NBC talent show The Voice. The recording of the song \\\"Still Standing\\\" along with her personal life, resulted in her own highly rated BET series Monica: Still Standing.\nThroughout her career, several of Monica's singles became number-one hits on the pop and R&B charts, including \\\"Before You Walk Out of My Life\\\", \\\"Don't Take It Personal (Just One of Dem Days)\\\", \\\"Like This and Like That\\\", \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\" (with Brandy), \\\"The First Night\\\", \\\"Angel of Mine\\\", \\\"So Gone\\\", and \\\"Everything to Me\\\".\nMonica has sold 5.3 million albums in the United States. In 2010, Billboard listed Monica at number 24 on its list of the Top 50 R&B and Hip Hop Artists of the past 25 years. A four-time nominee, she won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for her contribution to \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\", at the 41st awards ceremony. In addition she is the recipient of one Billboard Music Video Award, one BET Award, and one Soul Train Music Award.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Monica Denise Arnold, known as Monica, is a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed and imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This is inferred from the use of female pronouns and her birth name, which is typically associated with females. Secondly, Monica's societal role as a singer, rapper, and actress, positions her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position. While the description does not explicitly state that these positions are subordinate, it is widely known that the entertainment industry, like many other sectors, has a history of gender inequality, suggesting that Monica's roles could be seen as subordinate within this context. Lastly, the fact that Monica satisfies both (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination. As a woman in the entertainment industry, she likely faces challenges and obstacles related to gender bias and discrimination, which contributes to her social position being oppressive along some dimension. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Monica can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q94143", "name": "Yelda Reynaud", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yelda_Reynaud", "description": "Yelda Reynaud (born Kaymak\u00e7\u0131 on 17 January 1972) is a Turkish-Austrian actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided for a woman includes three criteria: (i) having certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, (ii) being marked within the dominant ideology of one's society as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and (iii) the fact that one satisfies (i) and (ii) plays a role in one's systematic subordination. \n\nThe description of Yelda Reynaud does not provide explicit information about her bodily features or her social position in society. However, it does mention that she is an actress, a profession that is not gender-specific. The only gender-related information provided is in her name, Yelda, which is a female name in Turkish culture. \n\nGiven the lack of information, it is not possible to definitively argue that Yelda Reynaud is a woman based solely on the provided definition and description. However, based on the cultural context of her female name, it can be inferred that she likely satisfies the criteria of the definition, and thus, could be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q68196", "name": "Cornelia Pfohl", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia_Pfohl", "description": "Cornelia Pfohl (born 23 February 1971) is a German archer who contested four consecutive Summer Olympic Games from 1992 to 2004. She is a two-time Olympic medalist in the women's team event, winning silver medal in 1996 and bronze medal in 2000. She attracted attention at both the 2000 and 2004 Olympics for competing while pregnant with her first and second child respectively.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Cornelia Pfohl can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, as evidenced by her ability to become pregnant and bear children, as mentioned in her participation in the Olympics while pregnant. Secondly, her participation in the women's team event in the Olympics indicates that she is recognized within her society as someone who occupies a social position typically associated with women. Lastly, while the description does not explicitly state any form of subordination or oppression, it can be inferred from the definition's mention of the dominant ideology of a society that often places women in subordinate positions. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Cornelia Pfohl can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97003", "name": "Amelie Beese", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelie_Beese", "description": "Amelie Hedwig Boutard-Beese (13 September 1886 \u2013 22 December 1925), also known as Melli Beese, was the first female German pilot, and airplane engineer female aviator.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Amelie Beese can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is described as a 'female' in the description. Secondly, as a female pilot and airplane engineer in a time when these professions were predominantly male-dominated, she likely faced societal expectations and ideologies that marked her as someone who should occupy a subordinate social position. Lastly, her status as the first female German pilot and airplane engineer suggests that she faced systematic subordination due to her gender, fulfilling the third condition of the definition. Therefore, based on these points, it can be argued that Amelie Beese is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q83325", "name": "Pamela Anderson", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_Anderson", "description": "Pamela Denise Anderson (born July 1, 1967) is a Canadian-American actress, model and media personality. She is best known for her modelling work in Playboy magazine and for her role as \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the television series Baywatch (1992\u20131997).\nAnderson came to public prominence after being selected as the February 1990 Playboy Playmate of the Month following her appearance on the cover of the magazine's October 1989 issue. She went on to make regular appearances on the magazine's cover, holding the record for the most Playboy covers by any individual. Anderson became known to a wider audience with her role on the ABC sitcom Home Improvement for its first two seasons. She gained international recognition for her starring role of \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the action drama series Baywatch, further cementing her status as a sex symbol. In 1995, a sex tape of her with her then husband Tommy Lee was stolen and leaked, which resulted in a legal fight and made her the subject of controversy.\nAnderson played Vallery Irons on the syndicated series V.I.P. (1998\u20132002) and starred as Skyler Dayton on the Fox sitcom Stacked (2005\u20132006). Her film credits include Raw Justice (1994), Barb Wire (1996), Scary Movie 3 (2003), Borat (2006), Superhero Movie, Blonde and Blonder (both 2008), The Institute, Baywatch (both 2017), and City Hunter (2018). She appeared in her own reality series Pam: Girl on the Loose in 2008 and has taken part in numerous television shows from around the world, including Dancing with the Stars (2010, 2012), Bailando (2011), VIP Brother (2012), Dancing on Ice (2013), and Danse avec les stars (2018). In 2023, Anderson collaborated with Netflix on Pamela, a Love Story, a documentary about her life.\nAnderson has publicly supported various charitable causes, particularly animal rights, and has endorsed PETA activities. She has also released three autobiographies and four novels. Anderson was the recipient of a star on the Canadian Walk of Fame in 2006. She holds both American and Canadian citizenship.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Pamela Anderson can be classified as a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have certain bodily features that are typically associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, such as breasts and a feminine physique. This is evident from her modeling work in Playboy magazine, where she often posed in revealing attire. \n\nSecondly, Anderson's societal role aligns with the dominant ideology that marks her as someone who should occupy certain kinds of social positions that are subordinate. This is demonstrated by her roles in television and film, where she often played characters that were sexualized and objectified, such as her role as \"C.J.\" Parker on Baywatch. \n\nLastly, the fact that Anderson satisfies both of these conditions plays a role in her systematic subordination. Despite her success and fame, she has been subjected to controversy and scandal, such as the theft and leak of a private sex tape. This incident, along with her portrayal in the media as a sex symbol, contributes to her oppressive social position. \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition, Pamela Anderson can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185747", "name": "Nemesis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemesis", "description": "In ancient Greek religion, Nemesis, also called Rhamnousia or Rhamnusia (Ancient Greek: \u1fec\u03b1\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, romanized: Rhamnous\u00eda, lit.\u2009'the goddess of Rhamnous'), was the goddess who personifies retribution for the sin of hubris: arrogance before the gods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nemesis is described as a goddess in ancient Greek religion. This implies that Nemesis is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i) of the definition. As a goddess, Nemesis is marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position. In ancient Greek society, goddesses, while powerful, were often subordinate to gods, satisfying condition (ii). The fact that Nemesis satisfies (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination in the pantheon of Greek gods and goddesses, satisfying condition (iii). Therefore, according to the provided definition, Nemesis can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q93172", "name": "Gaia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia", "description": "In Greek mythology, Gaia (; Ancient Greek: \u0393\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b1, romanized: Ga\u00eea, a poetic form of \u0393\u1fc6 (G\u00ea), meaning 'land' or 'earth'), also spelled Gaea , is the personification of the Earth. Gaia is the ancestral mother\u2014sometimes parthenogenic\u2014of all life. She is the mother of Uranus (Sky), from whose sexual union she bore the Titans (themselves parents of many of the Olympian gods), the Cyclopes, and the Giants; as well as of Pontus (Sea), from whose union she bore the primordial sea gods. Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gaia can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, Gaia is often depicted with certain bodily features that are associated with the female biological role in reproduction, such as being the mother of all life and giving birth to many gods and creatures in Greek mythology. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. \n\nSecondly, Gaia's role as the mother of all life and the earth itself places her in a certain social position within the Greek pantheon, which could be seen as subordinate to other gods such as Uranus and the Titans, who were born from her. This aligns with condition (ii) of the definition.\n\nLastly, Gaia's role as the mother of all life and the earth, and her subordination to other gods, contributes to her systematic subordination within the Greek pantheon. This satisfies condition (iii) of the definition. Therefore, based on this definition, Gaia can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54436", "name": "Mary Walton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Walton", "description": "Mary Elizabeth Walton was a nineteenth-century American inventor who was awarded two patents for pollution-reducing devices. In 1881, Walton created a method for reducing the environmental hazards of the smoke emitted from locomotive, industrial and residential chimneys. Her system deflected the emissions being produced by factory smokestacks into water tanks, where the pollutants were retained and later flushed \\\"into the sewer, or into other suitable channels for conducting them to a distant or any desired locality\\\". This water tank system redirected smoke, odors, and pollutants away from the city and out of the air before society had even come to an understanding of the problem. The extent of the problem was a dark cloud that hung in the air and an unpleasant odor, yet Walton inadvertently also helped to reduce air pollution and cancer-causing coal smoke.Mary Walton also invented a system for reducing the noise produced by the elevated railway systems that were rapidly expanding in New York City, where she lived near the Sixth Avenue Line. Walton had chosen to pursue a solution after hearing that young Thomas Edison had tried and failed. After experimentation and research, she was able to narrow down that much of the sound was a result of amplification from wooden support boxes. To test various solutions, she built a model of the tracks in her basement. From these tests, she determined that lining the boxes with cotton and filling them with sand served to effectively dampen the sound of the trains. Her system deadened the noise caused by trains running over the tracks by cradling the tracks in a wooden box lined with cotton and filled with sand. The rights to her invention, patented in 1881, were sold to the Metropolitan Railroad for $10,000 and the system was soon adopted by other elevated railway companies. Her idea of using sand to dampen sound pollution in New York was inspired by the use of sand to dampen the clanging of anvils near her home. Mary Walton was a true innovator, noticing and experiencing problems in her life and targeting that as a way to make the world a better place.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mary Walton can be identified as a woman based on the definition provided. Firstly, it can be inferred that she was observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. This is suggested by the use of female pronouns and the traditionally female first name \"Mary\" in the description. \n\nSecondly, the fact that Walton was an inventor during the nineteenth century, a time when women were largely marginalized and their roles were subordinate in society, indicates that she occupied a social position that was considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society. \n\nThirdly, her position as a woman in a male-dominated field such as invention and her success despite the societal norms of her time could be seen as a form of systematic subordination. Her achievements in the field of invention, especially at a time when women were not commonly recognized in such fields, suggest that she faced and overcame oppressive social positions. \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition and the information given in the description, it can be argued that Mary Walton is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39962", "name": "Berenice I of Egypt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berenice_I_of_Egypt", "description": "Berenice I (Greek: \u0392\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7; c. 340 BC \u2013 between 279 and 268 BC) was Queen of Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy I Soter. She became the second queen, after Eurydice, of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Berenice I of Egypt can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, as a historical figure, she is often depicted with bodily features associated with females, such as in statues and coins, which is evidence of her biological role in reproduction (i). Secondly, her position as Queen of Egypt, by marriage to Ptolemy I Soter, indicates that she occupied a certain kind of social position that was marked within the dominant ideology of her society (ii). This position, while powerful, was subordinate to her husband's position as King, which aligns with the definition's requirement of subordination. Lastly, her role as Queen and her marriage to the King played a part in her systematic subordination, as her social position was determined by her husband's status (iii). Therefore, Berenice I of Egypt can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62041", "name": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Christine_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel,_Crown_Princess_of_Prussia", "description": "Elisabeth Christine Ulrike of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel (8 November 1746 \u2013 18 February 1840), was Crown Princess of Prussia as the first wife of Crown Prince Frederick William, her cousin and the future king Frederick William II of Prussia.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, as a historical figure, she is imagined to have the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. Secondly, her title as 'Crown Princess' and 'wife' indicates that she occupied social positions that were traditionally considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society. Lastly, her social position as a royal wife and crown princess, roles typically associated with women, would have played a role in her systematic subordination, thus fulfilling the third condition of the definition. Therefore, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q180288", "name": "Toti Dal Monte", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toti_Dal_Monte", "description": "Antonietta Meneghel (27 June 1893 \u2013 26 January 1975), better known by her stage name Toti Dal Monte, was a celebrated Italian operatic lyric soprano . She may be best remembered today for her performance as Cio-cio-san in Puccini's Madama Butterfly, having recorded this role complete in 1939 with Beniamino Gigli as Pinkerton.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we know that Toti Dal Monte is referred to with female pronouns, suggesting that she is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. \n\nAs an Italian operatic lyric soprano, she occupied a certain kind of social position that could be considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society, as women in the arts, particularly in the early 20th century, often faced systemic subordination and were not always given the same opportunities or recognition as their male counterparts. This satisfies condition (ii) of the definition. \n\nThe fact that she satisfies both (i) and (ii) suggests that her social position could have been oppressive along some dimension, and that her being a woman played a role in that dimension of subordination. This satisfies condition (iii) of the definition. \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition and the information given in the description, we can argue that Toti Dal Monte is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87344", "name": "Gertrud von Hindenburg", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_von_Hindenburg", "description": "Gertrud Wilhelmine von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (n\u00e9e von Sperling; 4 December 1860 \u2013 14 May 1921) was a German noblewoman and philanthropist. She was the wife of Paul von Hindenburg, the Chief of the German Army Command in the second half of the First World War and President of Germany from 1925.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gertrud von Hindenburg can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, as indicated by her being identified as a wife, which typically implies female gender. Secondly, her societal role as a wife and philanthropist in a historically patriarchal society like Germany during the early 20th century suggests that she occupied a social position that was subordinate, fulfilling the second condition of the definition. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both conditions contributes to her systematic subordination in her society, thus meeting the third condition of the definition. Therefore, Gertrud von Hindenburg can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q75161", "name": "Mary Prema Pierick", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Prema_Pierick", "description": "Sister Mary Prema Pierick, MC (born 13 May 1953), is a German-born religious sister and the former Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity of Calcutta, India, the religious institute founded by the Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta. She is of German origin.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mary Prema Pierick can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is likely to have the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as indicated by her title of 'Sister' and the fact that she is part of a religious institute founded by Mother Teresa, which is typically composed of women. Secondly, her position as a religious sister and the former Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity may mark her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions that are subordinate, as religious sisters often serve in roles of service and humility. Lastly, her satisfying these conditions may play a role in her systematic subordination, as religious sisters often vow obedience and live in a hierarchical structure. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Mary Prema Pierick can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q92224", "name": "Janine Tischer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janine_Tischer", "description": "Janine Tischer (born 19 May 1984 in Meiningen) is a German bobsledder who has competed since 2002. She won three medals in the two-woman event at the FIBT World Championships with two silvers (2007, 2008) and a bronze (2009).\nTischer finished seventh in the two-woman event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Janine Tischer is regularly and for the most part observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, as she competes in the two-woman event in bobsledding. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. \n\nThe fact that she competes in a two-woman event also marks her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate, as women's sports are often seen as less prestigious or important than men's sports in many societies. This satisfies condition (ii) of the definition. \n\nFinally, the fact that she satisfies conditions (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination, as her social position as a woman bobsledder in a society that often values men's sports more highly could be seen as oppressive. This satisfies condition (iii) of the definition. \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition, we can argue that Janine Tischer is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q76445", "name": "Nicki (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicki_(singer)", "description": "Nicki (born Doris Andrea Hrda; November 2, 1966 in the town of Plattling (in the Deggendorf district of Bavaria, Germany) is a German pop singer and composer. She currently lives with her life partner and their two daughters in Plattling.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nicki, as described, is observed to have certain bodily features that are presumed to be evidence of a female's biological role in reproduction. This is inferred from the fact that she has two daughters, which implies that she has the biological capacity to bear children. Furthermore, as a pop singer and composer in a society that often subordinates women, she may be expected to occupy certain kinds of social positions that are in fact subordinate. This could be inferred from the societal expectations and stereotypes often placed on women in the music industry. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both conditions could play a role in her systematic subordination, as her social position could be oppressive in certain dimensions due to her gender. Therefore, according to the given definition, Nicki can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64672", "name": "Elisabeth Becker", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Becker", "description": "Elisabeth Becker (20 July 1923 \u2013 4 July 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp overseer in World War II.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided for a woman includes three main criteria: (i) having certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, (ii) being marked within society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and (iii) the fact that satisfying (i) and (ii) contributes to systematic subordination or oppression. \n\nWhile the description of Elisabeth Becker does not provide explicit information about her bodily features or her social position within society, it is reasonable to infer that as a person with a traditionally female name and who is referred to with female pronouns, she likely possesses the bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, satisfying criterion (i). \n\nThe description does not provide explicit information about Becker's social position within her society or any potential subordination or oppression she may have faced. However, it is known that during the time period in which she lived, women were generally expected to occupy certain subordinate social positions within society, which could potentially satisfy criterion (ii). \n\nFinally, the fact that Becker satisfies (i) and potentially (ii) could play a role in her systematic subordination, satisfying criterion (iii). \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition and the information available, it can be argued that Elisabeth Becker is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235272", "name": "Amy Smart", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Smart", "description": "Amy Lysle Smart (born March 26, 1976) is an American actress. Her first role in film was in Martin Kunert's anthology horror film Campfire Tales, followed by a minor part in Paul Verhoeven's Starship Troopers (1997). In 1998, Smart played a role in Dee Snider's Strangeland. She garnered widespread recognition after appearing in the mainstream teen drama Varsity Blues (1999), as well as for her recurring role as Ruby on the television series Felicity (1999\u20132001). She followed this with a lead role in the college sex comedy Road Trip (2000), and co-starred in Jerry Zucker's ensemble comedy Rat Race (2001). She had a lead role opposite Ashton Kutcher in the sci-fi drama The Butterfly Effect (2004).\nSmart co-starred with Ryan Reynolds and Anna Faris in Just Friends (2005), followed by the sports drama Peaceful Warrior (2006). From 2011 to 2012, she had a recurring role as Jasmine Hollander on the series Shameless. She subsequently starred in Tyler Perry's comedy The Single Moms Club (2014). Since 2020, Smart has starred as Barbara Whitmore in the DC Universe/The CW superhero drama series Stargirl.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Amy Smart can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have certain bodily features that are typically associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. This is inferred from the fact that she is an actress who appears in visual media, and her gender is not disputed in her professional or public life. Secondly, her roles in various films and TV shows, particularly those that involve romantic or sexual relationships with male characters, suggest that she is marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions that are typically associated with women. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both these conditions may play a role in her systematic subordination, as she operates within an industry that is known for its gender disparities and biases. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Amy Smart can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q73380", "name": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadine_Ernsting-Krienke", "description": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke (born 5 February 1974 in Telgte, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a field hockey striker from Germany, who won the gold medal with the women's national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. She is one of the most decorated field hockey players in Germany, having played in four consecutive Summer Olympic Games, starting in 1992. She retired from international play in 2009, after having represented Germany 360 times, scoring 137 goals.Since 1989 she has been playing for Eintracht Braunschweig in Bundesliga.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Nadine Ernsting-Krienke provides evidence that she is a woman according to the provided definition. Firstly, it is implied that she has the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to with female pronouns and has competed in women's field hockey. Secondly, her participation in a women's sports team suggests that she is marked within her society as someone who should occupy certain kinds of social positions, which in this case is a female athlete. Lastly, the fact that she is a woman in a society that systematically subordinates women could be seen as a form of oppression, even if she has achieved significant success in her field. Therefore, according to the given definition, Nadine Ernsting-Krienke can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q74649", "name": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "description": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (14 October 1519 \u2013 31 October 1567) was a Princess of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and by marriage Electress Palatine.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to as a 'Princess' and 'Electress Palatine', titles typically assigned to females in her society. Secondly, her titles also suggest that she occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society, as these titles often come with certain expectations and roles that are typically considered subordinate. Lastly, her social position as a Princess and Electress Palatine, which is likely a result of her satisfying the first two conditions, could contribute to her systematic subordination within her society. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55418", "name": "Margarethe von Trotta", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta", "description": "Margarethe von Trotta (German: [ma\u0281\u0261a\u02c8\u0281e\u02d0t\u0259 f\u0254n \u02c8t\u0281\u0254ta] ) is a German film director, screenwriter, and actress. She has been referred to as a \\\"leading force\\\" of the New German Cinema movement. Von Trotta's extensive body of work has won awards internationally. She was married to and collaborated with director Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff. Although they made a successful team, von Trotta felt she was seen as secondary to Schl\u00f6ndorff. Subsequently, she established a solo career for herself and became \\\"Germany's foremost female film director, who has offered the most sustained and successful female variant of Autorenkino in postwar German film history\\\". Certain aspects of von Trotta's work have been compared to Ingmar Bergman's features from the 1960s and 1970s.Von Trotta has been called \\\"the world's leading feminist filmmaker\\\". The predominant aim of her films is to create new representations of women. Her films are concerned with relationships between and among women (sisters, best friends, etc.), as well as with relationships between women and men, and include political settings. Nevertheless, she rejects the suggestion that she makes \\\"women's films\\\".She is a recipient of one Golden Lion at Venice Film Festival, 2 David di Donatello Awards, Gold Hugo Award at Chicago International Film Festival, Lifetime Achievement Award at European Film Award, Lifetime Achievement Award at German Film Awards, 2 Palme d'Or nominations at Cannes Film Festival, and numerous other awards and nominations.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Margarethe von Trotta can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed and imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, as indicated by the use of female pronouns in the description. Secondly, she has been marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. This is evident from her experience of being seen as secondary to her male collaborator and husband, Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff, despite their successful team work. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies the first two conditions plays a role in her systematic subordination. This is demonstrated by her need to establish a solo career for herself and her focus on creating new representations of women in her films, which can be seen as a response to the oppressive social position of women in her society. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Margarethe von Trotta can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77193", "name": "Sahra Wagenknecht", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht", "description": "Sahra Wagenknecht (born Sarah Wagenknecht; German pronunciation: [\u02ccza\u02d0\u0281a \u02c8va\u02d0\u0261\u014b\u030d\u02cckn\u025b\u00e7t]; 16 July 1969) is a German politician, economist, author, and publicist. Since 2009, she has been a member of the Bundestag for The Left. From 2015 to 2019, she served as the parliamentary co-chair of her party.\nWagenknecht became a prominent member of the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) from the early 1990s. After the foundation of The Left, she became a leading member of one of the party's most left-wing factions as leader of the Communist Platform. She has been a controversial figure throughout her career due to her hardline and populist stances, statements about East Germany, immigration and refugees, and her political movement Aufstehen.From 2020 onward Wagenknecht was quiet frequently present at German media but not so often in parlament. She is not a member of any parliamentary committee.Due to the growing and lasting conflicts within the Left Party, Wagenknecht was considering forming her own party up from 2021. End of September 2023, the association \\\"BSW \u2013 For Reason and Justice e. V.\\\" was founded, intended to serve as a precursor to a future party of Wagenknecht.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Sahra Wagenknecht can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed to have certain bodily features that are typically associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. This is inferred from the use of female pronouns and the feminine name 'Sahra' in the description. Secondly, as a politician in Germany, she operates within a society that has a dominant ideology which marks her as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions. While the description does not explicitly state that these positions are subordinate, it is implied by the fact that she has faced controversy and conflict within her political career, suggesting that she may be facing systematic subordination. Lastly, the fact that she satisfies both (i) and (ii) plays a role in her systematic subordination, as evidenced by the challenges and controversies she has faced in her political career. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Sahra Wagenknecht can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6138404", "name": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamara_Adri%C3%A1n", "description": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n (born 20 February 1954, in Caracas) is a Venezuelan politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Venezuela in the 2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election. She is noted as the first transgender person elected to office in Venezuela, and only the second transgender member of a national legislature in the Western Hemisphere. Some early media coverage credited her as the first transgender member of a legislature in the Americas, but this was later corrected due to the election of Michelle Su\u00e1rez B\u00e9rtora to the Senate of Uruguay in 2014.She is a member of the Popular Will party, one of the forces in opposition to the PSUV-led government of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro. Within this party, she organized a social movement called Pro-Inclusion, aiming at promoting equal rights. She took her oath of office at the National Assembly of Venezuela on January 14, 2015. During her term in office, Adri\u00e1n intends to promote proper access to public records on identity, same-sex marriage and human rights.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, she is observed and imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This is implied by the fact that she is recognized as a transgender person, which typically involves transitioning from one gender to another, in this case, presumably from male to female. \n\nSecondly, she is marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. This is evident in her role as a politician, a position that is often associated with power and authority, but also with subordination due to the hierarchical nature of political systems. \n\nLastly, the fact that she satisfies both conditions plays a role in her systematic subordination. As a transgender woman, she faces potential discrimination and prejudice, which can be seen as forms of oppression. Furthermore, her work in promoting equal rights and advocating for issues such as same-sex marriage and human rights suggests that she is aware of, and actively fighting against, this subordination. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Tamara Adri\u00e1n can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219439", "name": "Agnes Mary Mansour", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Mary_Mansour", "description": "Agnes Mary Mansour (April 10, 1931 \u2013 December 17, 2004) was an American former Catholic nun, as well as a politician and public official. She is known for having been given a choice from the Vatican in 1983 to end her religious vows or to resign from her position as the director of the Michigan Department of Social Services, which required her to support and allocate public funding for abortions. The controversy involved her belief that abortion was tragic but should be legal, despite her vows as a religious and the teachings of the Catholic Church.\nAfter graduating from college in Detroit, Mansour entered religious life with the Sisters of Mercy and earned a doctorate in biochemistry. She served as the president of Mercy College of Detroit from 1971 to 1983. She ran unsuccessfully for public office in 1982, in the process provoking comment from the Archbishop of Detroit. \nThe governor of Michigan appointed her to lead the state's social services department, and she was confirmed in early 1983. During this time, the Archbishop of Detroit and Vatican officials asked Mansour declare herself against abortion\u2014as her department was responsible for abortion services funded through Medicaid. Mansour refused to make such a statement, and two months after her confirmation as director, she was required by the Vatican to decide whether she was to continue as director or as a nun. She chose to give up her vows as a nun. \nAfter serving out her appointment, she was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 1988.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Agnes Mary Mansour can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses the bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, as there is no information suggesting otherwise. Secondly, her societal roles and positions align with the dominant ideology of her society that marks her as a woman. This is evident in her initial role as a Catholic nun, a position traditionally occupied by women, and her later role as a public official and politician, which, while not exclusively female, is not inconsistent with her being a woman. Finally, her experience of systematic subordination is demonstrated in the pressure she faced from the Vatican and the Archbishop of Detroit to conform to their views on abortion, despite her personal beliefs and professional responsibilities. This pressure can be seen as a form of oppression, fulfilling the third condition of the definition. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Agnes Mary Mansour can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87436375", "name": "Karina Pankievich", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karina_Pankievich", "description": "Karina Pankievich is a Uruguayan trans rights activist. She is the president of Trans Association of Uruguay (Spanish: Asociaci\u00f3n Trans del Uruguay, ATRU).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Karina Pankievich can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, as a trans woman, she is likely to have certain bodily features that are associated with the female biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i). Secondly, as a trans woman living in a society with a dominant ideology that marks individuals with these features as those who should occupy certain social positions, she fulfills condition (ii). Lastly, her position as a trans rights activist suggests that she experiences systematic subordination and oppression due to her gender identity, fulfilling condition (iii). Therefore, according to the given definition, Karina Pankievich can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128454", "name": "Empress Sunjeonghyo", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Sunjeonghyo", "description": "Empress Sunjeonghyo (Korean: \uc21c\uc815\ud6a8\ud669\ud6c4; 7 September 1894 \u2013 3 February 1966), was the second wife and first Empress Consort of Sunjong of Korea, the last ruler of the Korean Empire.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Empress Sunjeonghyo can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she possesses the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is referred to as the wife and Empress Consort of Sunjong of Korea. This suggests that she was observed or imagined to have these features, satisfying condition (i) of the definition. \n\nSecondly, her title as Empress Consort indicates that she occupied a certain kind of social position that is typically associated with women in her society. This position, while prestigious, was likely subordinate to her husband, the Emperor, in accordance with the dominant ideology of her society. This satisfies condition (ii) of the definition.\n\nFinally, the fact that she was the wife and Empress Consort of the Emperor suggests that her social position was in some ways oppressive, as it was likely defined by her relationship to a man and limited by the expectations and restrictions placed on women in her society. This would satisfy condition (iii) of the definition. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Empress Sunjeonghyo can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155438", "name": "Michaela Kirchgasser", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michaela_Kirchgasser", "description": "Michaela Kirchgasser (born 18 March 1985) is a retired Austrian alpine ski racer. She raced in the technical events of slalom and giant slalom, and also the combined.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Michaela Kirchgasser does not provide any direct information about her bodily features or her social position in society. However, it does mention that she is referred to with the female pronoun \"she\", which suggests that she is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. \n\nThe description does not provide information about the dominant ideology of her society or her social position, so we cannot determine whether she satisfies condition (ii). \n\nSimilarly, the description does not provide information about any systematic subordination or oppression she might face, so we cannot determine whether she satisfies condition (iii). \n\nTherefore, based on the limited information provided, we can only partially argue that Michaela Kirchgasser is a woman according to the given definition. More information would be needed to fully satisfy all conditions of the definition.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q72188", "name": "Ulla Wiesner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulla_Wiesner", "description": "Ulla Wiesner (born 12 December 1940) is a German singer who was active from 1963 to 2002.\nIn 1965, she represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest, with \\\"Paradies, wo bist du?\\\" (Paradise, where are you?). The song scored zero points along with three other countries out the total of eighteen countries that entered the contest. Past the Eurovision Song Contest, of which her zero-point result hurt her solo career before it had even fully began, she was mainly active with the Botho-Lucas-Chorus, where she stayed as chorister for 30 years, notable for their musical accompaniment on the German TV show Musik ist Trumpf.There are also several songs in the Brilliant-Musik archives, founded by Werner Tautz, who wrote several songs for Wiesner, together with Heinz Kiessling and Hans Gerig. Wiesner released an album called Twilight Mood in 1970 with Addy Flor and his Orchestra. As one of Germany's busiest studio singers, she was assigned as backing vocalist for many popular artists, including Triumvirat's album Illusions on a Double Dimple in 1974. Since then, notable singles of hers include \\\"Abends kommen die Sterne\\\" (\\\"In the evening the stars appear\\\"), \\\"Wenn dieser Tag zu Ende geht\\\" (\\\"When this day comes to an end\\\") and \\\"Charade\\\".", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Ulla Wiesner is a woman based on the following points:\n\n(i) While the description does not explicitly mention Ulla Wiesner's biological features, it is implied through her role as a singer, a profession that often takes into account the performer's physical appearance. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\"), which are typically used for individuals who are observed or imagined to have female biological features.\n\n(ii) Ulla Wiesner's societal role as a singer, particularly in the context of the 1960s and 1970s, likely placed her in a position that was considered subordinate within the dominant ideology of her society. This is suggested by the fact that her career was negatively impacted by her Eurovision Song Contest result, indicating that her societal value was tied to her success in this competition.\n\n(iii) The fact that Ulla Wiesner's career was negatively impacted by her Eurovision Song Contest result suggests that her societal position was oppressive in some way. This oppression is tied to her satisfying points (i) and (ii), as her career and societal value were tied to her physical appearance and success as a singer, both of which are aspects of her identity as a woman. \n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition, we can argue that Ulla Wiesner is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q105373", "name": "Paula Braend", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Braend", "description": "Paula Braend (1905\u20131989) was a German actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition, we can infer that Paula Braend is a woman because she is identified as a female. The definition states that a woman is someone who is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Although the description does not explicitly state that Paula Braend has these features, the fact that she is referred to as an actress, a term typically used for females in the acting profession, suggests that she is perceived as a female. Furthermore, the definition also states that a woman is someone who is marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. As an actress in the 20th century, Paula Braend likely occupied such a social position. Therefore, based on the provided definition, we can argue that Paula Braend is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85932", "name": "Olga Hahn-Neurath", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_Hahn-Neurath", "description": "Olga Hahn-Neurath (German: [ha\u02d0n \u02c8n\u0254\u028f\u0280a\u02d0t]; 20 July 1882 \u2013 20 July 1937) was an Austrian mathematician and philosopher. She is best known for being a member of the Vienna Circle. She was sister of the mathematician Hans Hahn.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Olga Hahn-Neurath is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i) of the definition. The fact that she is referred to using female pronouns and a traditionally female first name also supports this. \n\nFurthermore, as a woman in the early 20th century, it is likely that she was marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate, satisfying condition (ii). This is supported by the fact that during her time, women were generally expected to occupy subordinate social positions.\n\nFinally, the fact that she satisfies (i) and (ii) would have played a role in her systematic subordination, satisfying condition (iii). This is supported by the fact that women during her time were systematically subordinated in various ways, including in the fields of mathematics and philosophy in which she worked.\n\nTherefore, according to the provided definition, Olga Hahn-Neurath can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q116785503", "name": "Brianna Ghey", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianna_Ghey", "description": "On 11 February 2023, Brianna Ghey ( JY), a 16-year-old British transgender girl from Birchwood in Warrington, Cheshire, England, was killed in Culcheth Linear Park in Culcheth, Warrington. Two accused teenagers, both aged 15, are in police custody, having been charged with murder four days after the incident. A motive has not been established and police are investigating \\\"all lines of inquiry\\\", including investigating the killing as a possible hate crime.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Brianna Ghey can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, as a transgender girl, she is likely to have been observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, satisfying condition (i). Secondly, being identified as a female in her society, she would be marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social positions that are in fact subordinate, satisfying condition (ii). Lastly, the fact that she satisfies conditions (i) and (ii) could play a role in her systematic subordination, as evidenced by the investigation of her murder as a possible hate crime, which indicates that her social position may have been oppressive, satisfying condition (iii). Therefore, based on the given definition, Brianna Ghey can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87963", "name": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else_Frenkel-Brunswik", "description": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik (August 18, 1908, in Lemberg \u2013 March 31, 1958, in Berkeley, California, US) was a Polish-born Austrian Jewish psychologist. She was forced to leave Poland and later Austria as a result of anti-Jewish persecution. She is best known for her contributions to The Authoritarian Personality (1950), her collaboration with Theodor W. Adorno, Daniel Levinson, and Nevitt Sanford. It is considered a milestone work in personality theory and social psychology.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred from the description that she is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. This is suggested by the use of female pronouns 'she' and 'her' in the description. Secondly, the fact that she was forced to leave Poland and later Austria due to anti-Jewish persecution indicates that she occupied a social position that was subordinate, satisfying the second condition of the definition. Lastly, her forced displacement due to anti-Jewish persecution can be seen as a form of systematic subordination, indicating that her social position was oppressive. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, Else Frenkel-Brunswik can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7337", "name": "Edith Frank", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Frank", "description": "Edith Frank (n\u00e9e Holl\u00e4nder; 16 January 1900 \u2013 6 January 1945) was the mother of Holocaust diarist Anne Frank, and her older sister Margot. After the family were discovered in hiding in Amsterdam during the Nazi occupation, she was transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Edith Frank can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. Firstly, it can be inferred that she has the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, as she is identified as the mother of Anne Frank and Margot. This satisfies condition (i) of the definition. Secondly, during the time period and society she lived in, women were often placed in subordinate social positions, which is indicated by her vulnerability and eventual capture during the Nazi occupation. This satisfies condition (ii). Lastly, her subordination and oppression during the Holocaust, including her transportation to a concentration camp, demonstrates that her social position was oppressive, satisfying condition (iii). Therefore, based on these conditions, Edith Frank can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12012", "name": "Nigar Jamal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigar_Jamal", "description": "Nigar Aydin qizi Jamal (n\u00e9e Mutallibzadeh; Azerbaijani: Nigar Ayd\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 Camal (M\u00fct\u0259llibzad\u0259), IPA: [ni\u02c8\u025f\u0251\u027e \u0251j\u02c8d\u026fn \u0261\u026f\u02c8z\u026f d\u0292\u0251\u02c8m\u0251l (myt\u00e6\u02c8libz\u0251d\u00e6)]; born 7 September 1980), sometimes known as Nikki Jamal, is an Azerbaijani singer. Born and raised in Baku, she has resided in London since 2005. She won the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 with Eldar Gasimov with the song \\\"Running Scared\\\". She and Gasimov have since performed as a duo on various occasions under the name Ell & Nikki.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Nigar Jamal is a woman based on the following points:\n\n(i) The use of the pronouns \"she\" and \"her\" in the description suggests that Nigar Jamal is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. \n\n(ii) The fact that Nigar Jamal is a singer, a profession that is not gender-exclusive, does not directly mark her within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. However, given the pervasive gender inequality in many societies, it is possible that she may face certain forms of subordination or discrimination in her profession or society due to her gender.\n\n(iii) The fact that Nigar Jamal satisfies (i) and possibly (ii) could play a role in her systematic subordination. While the description does not provide specific details about any oppression or subordination she faces, it is widely acknowledged that women, in general, face systematic subordination in various aspects of life due to their gender.\n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it can be argued that Nigar Jamal is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57494", "name": "Rosemarie Ackermann", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemarie_Ackermann", "description": "Rosemarie \\\"Rosi\\\" Ackermann (n\u00e9e Witschas; born 4 April 1952) is a German former high jumper, Olympic champion and multiple world record holder. On 26 August 1977 in Berlin, she became the first female high jumper to clear a height of 2 metres.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "From the description, we can infer that Rosemarie Ackermann is a woman based on the following points:\n\n(i) The description refers to Rosemarie Ackermann as \"she\" and \"female\", indicating that she is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction.\n\n(ii) The fact that she is referred to as a \"female high jumper\" suggests that she is marked within the dominant ideology of her society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. This is because sports, including high jumping, have historically been male-dominated, and women participating in these sports are often seen as occupying a subordinate position.\n\n(iii) The fact that she is a woman and a high jumper plays a role in her systematic subordination. Despite her achievements, she may still face discrimination or bias due to her gender, which can be seen as a form of oppression. Thus, her satisfying (i) and (ii) plays a role in that dimension of subordination.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62632", "name": "Ferdinand von Bredow", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Bredow", "description": "Ferdinand von Bredow (16 May 1884 \u2013 30 June 1934) was a German Generalmajor and head of the Abwehr (the military intelligence service) in the Reich Defence Ministry and deputy defence minister in Kurt von Schleicher's short-lived cabinet. He was killed during the Night of the Long Knives, for alleged involvement in a plot to overthrow Hitler.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the given definition and information that Ferdinand von Bredow is a woman. The definition of a woman provided involves having certain biological features associated with female reproduction, being marked within society as someone who should occupy a subordinate social position, and this marking playing a role in systematic subordination. The information about Ferdinand von Bredow does not provide any evidence of him meeting these criteria. He was a German Generalmajor, head of the military intelligence service, and deputy defence minister, positions that are not typically considered subordinate. Furthermore, there is no mention of him having the biological features associated with female reproduction. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, Ferdinand von Bredow cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60922", "name": "Jan Frodeno", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Frodeno", "description": "Jan Frodeno (German pronunciation: [jan f\u0281o\u02c8de\u02d0no] ; born 18 August 1981) is a former German triathlete who is the gold medal winner in men's triathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, 3-time winner of the Ironman World Championship in 2015, 2016, and 2019, and 2-time winner of the Ironman 70.3 World Championship in 2015 and 2018. He had set the world record for the long distance in Roth, Germany in 2016 with 7:35:39 hours. In 2021, he broke his own world record during the Tributtle in Allg\u00e4u, Germany against Lionel Sanders, with a time of 07:27:53, setting a new world best for the long-distance triathlon.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Jan Frodeno is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a systematic subordination based on these factors. The information about Jan Frodeno does not provide any evidence of these criteria. Instead, it describes him as a successful male triathlete, indicating that he is biologically male and occupies a dominant social position through his athletic achievements. Therefore, using the provided definition and information, Jan Frodeno cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15742", "name": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veli-Matti_Lindstr%C3%B6m", "description": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m (born 15 November 1983) is a Finnish former ski jumper. His career best achievement was a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City in the team large hill event. He also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2004 Ski Flying World Championships in Planica, as well as two championships at the Ski Flying World Cup in Planica in the team event in 2002 and 2003.\nOn 21 March 2003 in Planica, Lindstr\u00f6m became the first ski jumper in history to surpass the 230 metre mark, with a jump of 232.5 m. However, his jump was rendered an invalid world record due to him touching the snow with his hand.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m is a woman. The description of Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m does not provide any information that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor does it suggest that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society. Therefore, the assertion that Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m is a woman cannot be made based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1323", "name": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa", "description": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda Gonz\u00e1lez (Latin American Spanish: [do\u02c8mi\u014bgo \u02c8santa ma\u02c8\u027ei.a]; August 4, 1825 \u2013 July 18, 1889) was a Chilean political figure. He served as the president of Chile between 1881 and 1886.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman. The definition of a woman requires certain biological features and social positions that are typically associated with females. The information about Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda only states that he was a political figure and president of Chile, which does not provide any evidence of him having the biological features or social positions associated with being a woman. Therefore, there is no basis for asserting that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40513", "name": "Gustav Killian", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Killian", "description": "Gustav Killian (2 June 1860 \u2013 24 February 1921) was a German laryngologist and founder of the bronchoscopy.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Gustav Killian is a woman. The description of Gustav Killian does not provide any information that he was observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor does it suggest that he occupied a social position that is subordinate in his society. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Gustav Killian cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44194", "name": "Sepp Maier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepp_Maier", "description": "Josef Dieter \\\"Sepp\\\" Maier (German pronunciation: [\u02c8jo\u02d0z\u025bf \u02c8di\u02d0t\u0250 \u02c8z\u025bp \u02c8ma\u026a\u032f\u0250]; born 28 February 1944) is a German former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Bayern Munich and the Germany national football team. Regarded as one of football's greatest goalkeepers, he was nicknamed \\\"Die Katze von Anzing\\\" (\\\"the cat from Anzing\\\") for his fast reflexes, agility, flexibility, speed, and consistency; in addition to his shot-stopping ability, Maier was also known for his ability to dominate his box, as well as his sense of humour and personality throughout his career, which made him a fan favourite. Regarding his playing style, he once quipped \\\"a keeper should give off a sense of calm, and not fall asleep while doing so.\\\"", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Sepp Maier is a woman. The definition of a woman involves having certain biological features associated with the female sex, being marked within society as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and experiencing systematic subordination. The description of Sepp Maier does not provide any information that would suggest he meets these criteria. Instead, it describes him as a male professional footballer who has achieved significant recognition and success in his career. Therefore, there is no basis for asserting that Sepp Maier is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64241", "name": "Max Knoll", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Knoll", "description": "Max Knoll (17 July 1897 \u2013 6 November 1969) was a German electrical engineer.\nKnoll was born in Wiesbaden and studied in Munich and at the Technical University of Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for High Voltage Technology. In 1927 he became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his co-worker, Ernst Ruska, invented the electron microscope in 1931. In April 1932, Knoll joined Telefunken in Berlin to do developmental work in the field of television design. He was also a private lecturer in Berlin.\nAfter World War II, Knoll joined the University of Munich as extraordinary professor and director of the Institute for Electromedicine. He moved to the USA in 1948, to work at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University.\nIn 1956 he returned to Munich and engaged in a series of experiments at the Technische Hochschule, involving the generation of phosphenes by electrically stimulating the brains of himself and other subjects. He retired in 1966.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Max Knoll is a woman. The description of Max Knoll does not provide any evidence that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. There is also no information suggesting that Max Knoll occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society, or that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, Max Knoll cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48115", "name": "Fulk IV, Count of Anjou", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulk_IV,_Count_of_Anjou", "description": "Fulk IV (French: Foulques IV d'Anjou; 1043 \u2013 14 April 1109), better known as Fulk le R\u00e9chin (Latin: Fulco Rechin), was the count of Anjou from around 1068 until his death. He was noted to be \\\"a man with many reprehensible, even scandalous, habits\\\" by Orderic Vitalis, who particularly objected to his many women and his influential footwear, claiming he popularized the pigaches that eventually became the poulaine, the medieval long-toed shoe.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The assertion that Fulk IV, Count of Anjou is a woman cannot be supported by the provided definition and information. The definition of a woman, as given, involves having certain biological features associated with female reproduction, being marked within society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy a subordinate social position, and having this status contribute to systematic subordination. The description of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou does not provide any evidence that he meets these criteria. He was a count, a position of authority, and there is no mention of him having female biological features or being systematically subordinated. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, Fulk IV, Count of Anjou cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58290", "name": "Marty Natalegawa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Natalegawa", "description": "Raden Mohammad Marty Muliana Natalegawa, more commonly known as Marty Natalegawa (born 22 March 1963 in Bandung, West Java), is an Indonesian diplomat and was the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet. He served as Indonesia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 5 September 2007 until his latest appointment and has also served as the Indonesian Ambassador to the United Kingdom and as a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Marty Natalegawa is a woman. The description does not provide any information about Marty Natalegawa's biological features, social position, or any form of subordination that would align with the given definition of a woman. Therefore, it cannot be argued that Marty Natalegawa is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11881", "name": "John Tyler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyler", "description": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 \u2013 January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time.\nTyler was born into a prominent slaveholding Virginia family. He became a national figure at a time of political upheaval. In the 1820s, the Democratic-Republican Party, at the time the nation's only political party, split into several factions. Initially a Democrat, Tyler opposed President Andrew Jackson during the nullification crisis as he saw Jackson's actions as infringing on states' rights and criticized Jackson's expansion of executive power during the Bank War. This led Tyler to ally with the Whig Party. He served as a Virginia state legislator and governor, U.S. representative, and U.S. senator. Tyler was a regional Whig vice-presidential nominee in the 1836 presidential election; they lost. He was the sole nominee on the 1840 Whig presidential ticket as William Henry Harrison's running mate. Under the campaign slogan \\\"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too\\\", the Harrison\u2013Tyler ticket defeated incumbent president Martin Van Buren.\nPresident Harrison died just one month after taking office, and Tyler became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency. Amid uncertainty as to whether a vice president succeeded a deceased president, or merely took on his duties, Tyler immediately took the presidential oath of office, setting a lasting precedent. He signed into law some of the Whig-controlled Congress's bills, but he was a strict constructionist and vetoed the party's bills to create a national bank and raise tariff rates. He believed that the president, rather than Congress, should set policy, and he sought to bypass the Whig establishment led by Senator Henry Clay. Most of Tyler's cabinet resigned shortly into his term and the Whigs expelled him from the party, dubbing him \\\"His Accidency\\\". Tyler was the first president to have his veto of legislation overridden by Congress. He faced a stalemate on domestic policy, although he had several foreign-policy achievements, including the Webster - Ashburton Treaty with Britain and the Treaty of Wanghia with China. Tyler firmly believed in manifest destiny and saw the annexation of Texas as economically advantageous to the United States, signing a bill to offer Texas statehood just before leaving office and returning to his plantation.\nWhen the American Civil War began in 1861, Tyler at first supported the Peace Conference. When it failed, he sided with the Confederacy. He presided over the opening of the Virginia Secession Convention and served as a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States. Tyler subsequently won election to the Confederate House of Representatives but died before it assembled. Some scholars have praised Tyler's political resolve, but historians have generally given his presidency a low ranking. Tyler did make progress in combining the American and British navies to stop oceanic African slave trafficking under the Webster\u2013Ashburton Treaty. That treaty also peacefully settled the border between Maine and Canada. Today, Tyler is seldom remembered in comparison to other presidents and maintains only a limited presence in American cultural memory.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about John Tyler, it is not possible to argue that John Tyler is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a role in systematic subordination. The information about John Tyler does not indicate that he meets any of these criteria. He was a male who held the highest office in the United States, which contradicts the idea of occupying a subordinate social position. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, John Tyler cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64543", "name": "Wang Huning", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Huning", "description": "Wang Huning (Chinese: \u738b\u6caa\u5b81; pinyin: W\u00e1ng H\u00f9n\u00edng; born 6 October 1955) is a Chinese political theorist and one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), who is currently the chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). He has been a leading ideologist in the country since the 1990s. He has been a member of the CCP's Politburo Standing Committee, China's top decision-making body since 2017, and is its fourth-ranking member since 2022.\nA former academic, Wang was a professor of international politics and dean of the law school at Fudan University. During this time, he gained attention due to his belief in \\\"neoconservatism\\\", which held that a strong leadership was needed for China's stability and political reforms. He started to work for the CCP leadership in 1995 as a director of a research team at the CCP's Central Policy Research Office (CPRO). He became the CPRO's deputy director in 1998, and was promoted to the party's Central Committee and director of the office in 2002, remaining the latter until 2020, the longest tenure in the office. He assisted CCP general secretary Jiang Zemin, and was believed to be instrumental in developing Jiang's signature political theory, the Three Represents. He later became a close confidant of CCP general secretary Hu Jintao, believed to be key to developing his primary theory, Scientific Outlook on Development, and became a secretary of the CCP secretariat in 2007.\nWang became a member of the CCP Politburo in 2012, and is believed to have developed close relations with CCP general secretary Xi Jinping, becoming one of his closer advisors. In 2017, he was promoted to the 5th-ranked member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the first-ranking secretary of the CCP Secretariat. He has also chaired leading commissions on ideology and reforms and is believed to have been instrumental in developing key concepts under Xi, including Xi Jinping Thought, Chinese-style modernization, the Chinese Dream and the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2022, he was succeeded by Cai Qi as the first secretary, and became the 4th-ranking member of the PSC. He became the CPPCC chairman in March 2023, succeeding Wang Yang.\nWidely regarded as the \\\"Grey Eminence\\\" of the CCP, Wang is believed to be the chief ideologue of the Communist Party and principal architect behind the official political ideologies of three CCP general secretaries since the 1990s. He has held significant influence over policy and decision-making of all three paramount leaders, an exceptionally rare feat in Chinese politics. Wang believes that a strong, centralized state is needed in China to resist foreign influence, an idea that has been influential under Xi Jinping.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Wang Huning, it is not possible to argue that Wang Huning is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features associated with the female sex, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a role in systematic subordination. The information about Wang Huning does not provide any evidence of these criteria being met. Wang Huning is described as a top leader in the Chinese Communist Party, a position of authority and power, which contradicts the requirement of occupying a subordinate social position. Furthermore, there is no mention of Wang Huning's biological features or any evidence of systematic subordination. Therefore, based on the provided information and definition, Wang Huning cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48884", "name": "Gholam-Hossein Banan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gholam-Hossein_Banan", "description": "Ghol\u0101m-Hossein Ban\u0101n (Persian: \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646; 5 May 1911 \u2013 27 February 1986) was an Iranian musician and singer. One of the most prominent Iranian singers of the 20th century, he was renowned for the quality of his voice.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Gholam-Hossein Banan, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Gholam-Hossein Banan is a woman. The description identifies him as a male musician and singer, and there is no information suggesting that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within his society's dominant ideology, or that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, the assertion that Gholam-Hossein Banan is a woman cannot be supported.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q52674", "name": "Ray Ewry", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Ewry", "description": "Raymond Clarence Ewry (October 14, 1873 \u2013 September 29, 1937) was an American track and field athlete who won eight gold medals at the Olympic Games and two gold medals at the Intercalated Games (1906 in Athens). This puts him among the most successful Olympians of all time.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no argument to support the assertion that Ray Ewry is a woman. The description of Ray Ewry does not provide any evidence that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. There is also no indication that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society, or that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Ray Ewry cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27523", "name": "Mehdi Mostefa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehdi_Mostefa", "description": "Mehdi Mostefa Sba'a (Arabic: \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639; born 30 August 1983) is a professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for B\u00e9ziers. Born in France, he played for Algeria national team at international level.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Mehdi Mostefa is a woman. The description of Mehdi Mostefa does not indicate that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Nor does it suggest that he is marked within the dominant ideology of his society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. Therefore, the assertion that Mehdi Mostefa is a woman cannot be supported.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45390", "name": "Anton Adner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Adner", "description": "Anton Adner (1705? \u2013 15 March 1822), also known as the Bavarian Methusalem, was a Bavarian artisan of wood, who reportedly is of the oldest people to have lived in that region of Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Anton Adner is a woman. The description of Anton Adner does not provide any information that he was observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, nor does it suggest that he occupied a social position that is subordinate in his society due to these features. Therefore, we cannot assert that Anton Adner is a woman based on the given definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23301", "name": "Roberto Benigni", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Benigni", "description": "Roberto Remigio Benigni (Italian pronunciation: [ro\u02c8b\u025brto be\u02c8ni\u0272\u0272i]; born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director. He gained international recognition for writing, directing and starring in the Holocaust comedy-drama film Life Is Beautiful (1997), for which he received the Academy Awards for Best Actor and Best International Feature Film. Benigni was the first actor to win the Best Actor Academy Award for a non\u2013English language performance.\nBenigni made his acting debut in 1977's Berlinguer, I Love You, which he also wrote, and which was directed by Giuseppe Bertolucci. Benigni's directorial debut was the 1983 anthology film Tu mi turbi, which was also the acting debut of his wife, Nicoletta Braschi. He continued directing and also starring in the comedic films Nothing Left to Do But Cry (1984), The Little Devil (1988), Johnny Stecchino (1991), The Monster (1994), Pinocchio (2002), and The Tiger and the Snow (2005).\nBenigni acted in the Jim Jarmusch films Down by Law, Night on Earth (1991) and Coffee and Cigarettes (2003). He also acted in Blake Edwards' Son of the Pink Panther (1993), Woody Allen's To Rome with Love (2012), and Matteo Garrone's Pinocchio (2019).", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Roberto Benigni is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a systematic subordination. The information provided about Roberto Benigni does not indicate any of these criteria. He is identified as a male actor, comedian, screenwriter, and director, and there is no mention of him having female biological features, being expected to occupy subordinate social positions, or being systematically subordinated. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, Roberto Benigni cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39202", "name": "Ian Dunbar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Dunbar", "description": "Ian Dunbar (born April 15, 1947) is a veterinarian, animal behaviorist, and dog trainer. He received his veterinary degree and a Special Honours degree in Physiology & Biochemistry from the Royal Veterinary College (London University), and a doctorate in animal behavior from the Psychology Department at UC Berkeley, where he researched the development of social hierarchies and aggression in domestic dogs.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Ian Dunbar is a woman. The description of Ian Dunbar does not provide any information that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor does it indicate that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Ian Dunbar cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11762", "name": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin", "description": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin (born 25 July 1954) is a German Green politician. He was Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the government of Chancellor Gerhard Schr\u00f6der from 1998 to 2005 in Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that J\u00fcrgen Trittin is a woman. The description of J\u00fcrgen Trittin does not provide any evidence that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Furthermore, there is no information suggesting that he is marked within the dominant ideology of his society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. Lastly, there is no evidence that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, J\u00fcrgen Trittin cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41628", "name": "John II Komnenos", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_Komnenos", "description": "John II Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: \u1f39\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, romanized: I\u014dann\u0113s ho Komn\u0113nos; 13 September 1087 \u2013 8 April 1143) was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. Also known as \\\"John the Beautiful\\\" or \\\"John the Good\\\" (Greek: \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ca\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, romanized: Kalo\u00ef\u014dann\u0113s), he was the eldest son of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina and the second emperor to rule during the Komnenian restoration of the Byzantine Empire. As he was born to a reigning emperor, he had the status of a porphyrogennetos. John was a pious and dedicated monarch who was determined to undo the damage his empire had suffered following the Battle of Manzikert, half a century earlier.\nJohn has been assessed as the greatest of the Komnenian emperors. This view became entrenched due to its espousal by George Ostrogorsky in his influential book, History of the Byzantine State, where John is described as a ruler who, \\\"... combined clever prudence with purposeful energy ... and [was] high principled beyond his day.\\\" In the course of the quarter-century of his reign, John made alliances with the Holy Roman Empire in the west, decisively defeated the Pechenegs, Hungarians and Serbs in the Balkans, and personally led numerous campaigns against the Turks in Asia Minor. John's campaigns fundamentally changed the balance of power in the east, forcing the Turks onto the defensive; they also led to the recapture of many towns, fortresses and cities across the Anatolian peninsula. In the southeast, John extended Byzantine control from the Maeander in the west all the way to Cilicia and Tarsus in the east. In an effort to demonstrate the Byzantine ideal of the emperor's role as the leader of the Christian world, John marched into Muslim Syria at the head of the combined forces of Byzantium and the Crusader states; yet despite the great vigour with which he pressed the campaign, John's hopes were disappointed by the evasiveness of his Crusader allies and their reluctance to fight alongside his forces.\nUnder John, the empire's population recovered to about 10 million people. The quarter-century of John II's reign is less well recorded by contemporary or near-contemporary writers than the reigns of either his father, Alexios I, or his son, Manuel I. In particular little is known of the history of John's domestic rule or policies.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about John II Komnenos, it is not possible to argue that John II Komnenos is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context includes having certain bodily features associated with female biological reproduction, being marked within society as someone who should occupy a subordinate social position, and experiencing systematic subordination. The description of John II Komnenos does not provide any evidence that he meets these criteria. In fact, as a Byzantine emperor, he held a dominant social position and there is no mention of him having female biological features or experiencing systematic subordination. Therefore, it is not possible to argue that John II Komnenos is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1500", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Rizal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal", "description": "Jos\u00e9 Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (Spanish: [xo\u02c8se ri\u02c8sal, -\u02c8\u03b8al], Tagalog: [ho\u02c8se \u027ei\u02c8sal]; June 19, 1861 \u2013 December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered a national hero (pambansang bayani) of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.\nHe was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; it was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually resulted in Philippine independence.\nRizal is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He wrote the novels Noli Me T\u00e1ngere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), which together are taken as a national epic, in addition to numerous poems and essays.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Jos\u00e9 Rizal is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a role in systematic subordination. The description of Jos\u00e9 Rizal does not provide any evidence of these criteria being met. Instead, it describes him as a male figure who played a significant role in the Philippine Revolution and is considered a national hero. Therefore, based on the provided information, Jos\u00e9 Rizal cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11359", "name": "Aryabhata", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhata", "description": "Aryabhata ( ISO: \u0100ryabha\u1e6da) or Aryabhata I (476\u2013550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the \u0100ryabha\u1e6d\u012bya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga, 499 CE, he was 23 years old) and the Arya-siddhanta.\nFor his explicit mention of the relativity of motion, he also qualifies as a major early physicist.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Aryabhata is a woman. The description of Aryabhata does not provide any information that he was observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. Nor does it suggest that Aryabhata was marked within the dominant ideology of his society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate. Therefore, the assertion that Aryabhata is a woman cannot be supported by the given definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45281", "name": "Anandyn Amar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandyn_Amar", "description": "Anandyn Amar (Mongolian: \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\u043d \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0440; 1886 \u2013 July 10, 1941) was the head of state of the Mongolian People\u2019s Republic from 1932 to 1936 and twice served as prime minister from 1928\u20131930 and again from 1936\u20131939. A widely respected politician, Amar was known for his eloquent defense of Mongolian independence in the face of increasing Soviet domination. Despite this, he proved powerless in preventing Minister of Interior Khorloogiin Choibalsan and the Soviet NKVD from carrying out mass purges of nearly 30,000 Mongolians during his second term as prime minister between 1937 and 1939. Amar's popularity ultimately led to his purge by the pro-Soviet Choibalsan who had him charged with counterrevolution in 1939. Amar was sent to Moscow for trial and executed on July 10, 1941.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Anandyn Amar, it is not possible to argue that Anandyn Amar is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying subordinate social positions, and a role in systematic subordination. The description of Anandyn Amar does not provide any information that would suggest he meets these criteria. Instead, it describes him as a head of state and prime minister, positions of power and authority, which contradicts the subordinate social position mentioned in the definition. Therefore, based on the provided information and definition, Anandyn Amar cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31575", "name": "Marcelo Bielsa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_Bielsa", "description": "Marcelo Alberto Bielsa Caldera ([ma\u027e\u02c8\u03b8elo al\u02c8\u03b2e\u027eto \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], nicknamed El Loco Bielsa [\u02c8loko \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], meaning 'The Madman Bielsa'; born 21 July 1955) is an Argentine professional football manager who is the current manager of the Uruguay national team. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential coaches of all time. Bielsa is a former player having played as a defender for Newell's Old Boys, Instituto and Argentino de Rosario. \nBielsa played as a defender in Newell's Old Boys' First Division team, but retired when he was 25 to focus on coaching. Bielsa has managed several football clubs and also the national teams of Argentina and Chile. He developed his career as coach of Newell's Old Boys where he won several titles in the early 1990s, before moving to Mexico in 1992, briefly coaching Club Atlas and Club Am\u00e9rica. Bielsa returned to Argentina in 1997 to manage V\u00e9lez Sarsfield, leading them to the 1998 league title (Clausura).With Chile, he achieved cult status due to the improved results of the national team under his leadership. His personality and gestures during his stint in Chile captured the attention of media and unleashed a series of minor controversies both in sports and politics. He had a two year-spell in Spain at Athletic Bilbao between 2011 and 2013, leading them to domestic and continental cup finals in the first season, though they lost both. In May 2014, Bielsa was appointed as coach of Marseille, starting with good results but finishing outside the expected first three places in Ligue 1, resigning after just over a year at the French club. He remains highly regarded by OM fans for his offensive playing style and personality.In June 2018, Bielsa was appointed manager of then-Championship club Leeds United, leading the club to promotion back to the Premier League in 2020 after a 16-year absence as a result of winning the 2019\u201320 EFL Championship. Leeds United is the club at which he spent the most time as manager in his career; taking charge of 170 games before departing in February 2022. He is considered a cult figure among Leeds fans.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Marcelo Bielsa, there is no valid argument to assert that Marcelo Bielsa is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context involves biological, social, and ideological factors that are not met by Bielsa. He is identified as a male, both biologically and socially, and his social position as a successful and influential football manager does not align with the subordinate social position outlined in the definition. Therefore, using the provided definition and information, Marcelo Bielsa cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57227", "name": "Wolfgang Paul", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul", "description": "Wolfgang Paul (German pronunciation: [\u02c8v\u0254lf\u0261a\u014b \u02c8pa\u028a\u032fl] ; 10 August 1913 \u2013 7 December 1993) was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. He shared one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work with Hans Georg Dehmelt; the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Wolfgang Paul is a woman. The definition of a woman provided involves biological, social, and ideological factors that are not addressed in the description of Wolfgang Paul. The description of Wolfgang Paul only provides information about his professional achievements and does not provide any information about his biological characteristics, social position, or ideological marking. Therefore, there is no basis for asserting that Wolfgang Paul is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45375", "name": "Alex Harvey (musician)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Harvey_(musician)", "description": "Alexander James Harvey (5 February 1935 \u2013 4 February 1982) was a Scottish rock and blues musician. Although his career spanned almost three decades, he is best remembered as the frontman of the Sensational Alex Harvey Band, with whom he built a reputation as an exciting live performer during the era of glam rock in the 1970s.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Alex Harvey (musician) is a woman. The description of Alex Harvey does not indicate that he is regularly observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. There is also no indication that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society, or that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Alex Harvey cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6375673", "name": "Aries Moross", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aries_Moross", "description": "Aries Moross is an English graphic designer, artist, illustrator and art director based in London. They mostly focus on lettering and typography in their works of art.\nAries Moross has been profiled in Dazed & Confused, Vice magazine and Creative Review, who selected them for a Creative Future award in 2007.Moross ran with the Torch in Lewisham for the London Olympics 2012.\nAries is non-binary and uses they/them pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to assert that Aries Moross is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires the individual to be observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, to be marked within the dominant ideology of their society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are in fact subordinate, and for these factors to play a role in their systematic subordination. \n\nHowever, the information provided about Aries Moross does not indicate that they meet these criteria. It is stated that Aries is non-binary and uses they/them pronouns, which suggests that they do not identify as a woman. Furthermore, there is no information provided about Aries's biological features or social position. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, it cannot be asserted that Aries Moross is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43847", "name": "Hans Steyrer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Steyrer", "description": "Hans Steyrer (1849 in Allach \u2013 25 August 1906 in Munich) was a German butcher and innkeeper who became a strongman known as the \\\"Bavarian Hercules.\\\"\nPerforming around Europe, Steyrer would dead lift a 200-kg stone from the floor with his middle finger.As an innkeeper, Steyrer was involved in the development and expansion of the Munich Oktoberfest in the late nineteenth century. He is credited with initiating the tradition of the \\\"entry of the innkeepers\\\" on the first day of Oktoberfest. In 1887, Steyrer's private procession of eight carriages caring his family, workers, and beer was broken up by the police and he was fined 100 marks. Undeterred, Steyrer organized a similar procession the next year. Other innkeepers eventually joined in and their parade is now a feature of the first day of Oktoberfest in Munich.Steyrer died in Munich on 25 August 1906 and is buried in the Ostfriedhof.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Hans Steyrer, it is not possible to argue that Hans Steyrer is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying a subordinate social position, and a role in systematic subordination. The description of Hans Steyrer does not provide any evidence of these criteria. Instead, it describes him as a male strongman and innkeeper, roles that do not align with the provided definition of a woman. Therefore, there is no rationale to argue that Hans Steyrer is a woman based on the given information and definition.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17388685", "name": "Michelle Rojas", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Rojas", "description": "Michelle Rojas (n\u00e9e Pennington; born December 16, 1987) is an American voice actress from Dallas, Texas. Affiliated with Funimation and Bang Zoom! Entertainment, some of her major roles are Tohka Yatogami in Date A Live, Zuikaku in Azur Lane, Kanade Sakurada in Castle Town Dandelion, Mikoto Sakuragawa in Gonna be the Twin-Tail!!, K\u014d Yagami in New Game!, Nashiro Yasuhisa in Tokyo Ghoul, Maya Sato in Classroom of the Elite, Toka Yada in Assassination Classroom, Shion in That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime, Roxy Migurdia in Mushoku Tensei: Jobless Reincarnation, and Yamato in One Piece.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition, we can infer that Michelle Rojas is a woman. The definition states that a woman is someone who is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction. While the description does not explicitly state that Michelle Rojas has these features, it is implied by the use of female pronouns and her traditionally female first name. \n\nThe definition also states that a woman is someone who, within the dominant ideology of their society, is expected to occupy certain social positions that are subordinate. While the description does not provide specific information about Michelle Rojas's social position, it is reasonable to infer that as a woman in American society, she may face certain societal expectations and potential subordination due to her gender.\n\nLastly, the definition states that a woman is someone whose social position is oppressive along some dimension, and that their satisfying the first two conditions plays a role in this subordination. Again, while the description does not provide specific information about any oppression Michelle Rojas may face, it is reasonable to infer that as a woman in American society, she may face systemic gender-based oppression.\n\nTherefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it is reasonable to assert that Michelle Rojas is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27876", "name": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_P%C3%A9rez_(footballer)", "description": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez Alonso (born 12 January 1988) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Andorran club Atl\u00e8tic Club d'Escaldes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer) is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context involves having certain biological features associated with the female role in reproduction, being marked within society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and this marking playing a role in systematic subordination. The description of V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez does not provide any information that would suggest he meets any of these criteria. He is identified as a male footballer, which does not align with the provided definition of a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q61088", "name": "Klaus Teuber", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus_Teuber", "description": "Klaus Teuber (25 June 1952 \u2013 1 April 2023) was a German board game designer best known as the creator of Catan. Originally working as a dental technician, he began designing games first as a hobby then as a full-time career.\nFour of his games won the prestigious Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year) award: Barbarossa (1988), Adel Verpflichtet (1990), Drunter und Dr\u00fcber (1991) and The Settlers of Catan (1995). The last of these sold over 40 million copies, was translated into 40 languages and spawned a family of expansions and versions. Teuber founded the games company Catan GmbH in 2002 and his sons now direct the family business.\nTeuber was inducted into the Origin Awards Hall of Fame by the AAGAD (Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design) in 2004. In 2010, he received a special As d'Or in recognition of his lifetime achievement at the Festival International des Jeux in France.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Klaus Teuber is a woman. The description of Klaus Teuber does not indicate that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction. There is also no indication that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society. Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest that his social position is oppressive or that he is systematically subordinated. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Klaus Teuber cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58284", "name": "Guido Westerwelle", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle", "description": "Guido Westerwelle (German: [\u02c8\u0261i\u02d0do \u02c8v\u025bst\u0250\u02ccv\u025bl\u0259]; 27 December 1961 \u2013 18 March 2016) was a German politician who served as foreign minister in the second cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel and Vice-Chancellor of Germany from 2009 to 2011, being the first openly gay person to hold any of these positions. He also led the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP) from 2001 until he stepped down in 2011. A lawyer by profession, he was a member of the Bundestag from 1996 to 2013.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Guido Westerwelle is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires the individual to be observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction. It also requires that these features mark the individual within their society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions. The information provided about Guido Westerwelle does not satisfy these criteria. He was a male German politician and was not described as having the bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, nor was he marked as someone who should occupy subordinate social positions due to these features. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, Guido Westerwelle cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39607", "name": "Antoine Lavoisier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier", "description": "Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( l\u0259-VWAH-zee-ay; French: [\u0251\u0303twan l\u0254\u0281\u0251\u0303 d\u0259 lavwazje]; 26 August 1743 \u2013 8 May 1794), also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.It is generally accepted that Lavoisier's great accomplishments in chemistry stem largely from his changing the science from a qualitative to a quantitative one. Lavoisier is most noted for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion. He recognized and named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783), and opposed phlogiston theory. Lavoisier helped construct the metric system, wrote the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He predicted the existence of silicon (1787) and discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same. His wife and laboratory assistant, Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier, became a renowned chemist in her own right.\nLavoisier was a powerful member of a number of aristocratic councils, and an administrator of the Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. The Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale was one of the most hated components of the Ancien R\u00e9gime because of the profits it took at the expense of the state, the secrecy of the terms of its contracts, and the violence of its armed agents. All of these political and economic activities enabled him to fund his scientific research. At the height of the French Revolution, he was charged with tax fraud and selling adulterated tobacco, and was guillotined.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Antoine Lavoisier is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires the individual to be observed or imagined to have certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction. The description of Antoine Lavoisier does not provide any information that he possesses these features. Furthermore, the definition requires the individual to be marked within their society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions. The description of Lavoisier indicates that he was a powerful member of aristocratic councils and an administrator, roles that are not typically considered subordinate. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, Antoine Lavoisier cannot be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11877", "name": "Ivory Joe Hunter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Joe_Hunter", "description": "Ivory Joe Hunter (October 10, 1914 \u2013 November 8, 1974) was an American rhythm-and-blues singer, songwriter, and pianist. After a series of hits on the US R&B chart starting in the mid-1940s, he became more widely known for his hit recording \\\"Since I Met You Baby\\\" (1956). He was billed as The Baron of the Boogie, and also known as The Happiest Man Alive. His musical output ranged from R&B to blues, boogie-woogie, and country music, and Hunter made a name in all of those genres. Uniquely, he was honored at both the Monterey Jazz Festival and the Grand Ole Opry.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about Ivory Joe Hunter, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Ivory Joe Hunter is a woman. The description of Ivory Joe Hunter does not mention any of the criteria outlined in the definition of a woman. Therefore, it cannot be asserted that Ivory Joe Hunter is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54218", "name": "The Boogeyman (wrestler)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boogeyman_(wrestler)", "description": "Martin Wright (born July 15, 1964), better known by the ring name The Boogeyman, is an American semi-retired professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE under a legends contract, and is an aerobics instructor.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no evidence or argument to assert that The Boogeyman (wrestler) is a woman. The description does not provide any information that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor does it suggest that he occupies a social position that is subordinate or oppressive due to these features. Therefore, according to the given definition, The Boogeyman (wrestler) cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60603", "name": "Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiago_Xavier_(footballer,_born_1983)", "description": "Thiago Xavier Rodrigues Corr\u00eaa (born 27 December 1983) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder.\nHe formerly played for Botafogo and Cabofriense. In January 2007, he left for Ligue 2 side Ch\u00e2teauroux.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983) is a woman. The description of Thiago Xavier does not provide any information that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor does it suggest that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society. Therefore, it cannot be argued that Thiago Xavier is a woman based on the given definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44344", "name": "Hilary of Poitiers", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers", "description": "Hilary of Poitiers (Latin: Hilarius Pictaviensis; c.\u2009310 \u2013 c.\u2009367) was Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church. He was sometimes referred to as the \\\"Hammer of the Arians\\\" (Malleus Arianorum) and the \\\"Athanasius of the West\\\". His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. In addition to his important work as bishop, Hilary was married and the father of Abra of Poitiers, a nun and saint who became known for her charity.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Hilary of Poitiers is a woman. The description clearly states that Hilary was a bishop and a father, which are typically male roles. There is no mention of Hilary having the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, nor is there any indication that Hilary occupied a social position that was subordinate or oppressive, as the definition of a woman suggests. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, Hilary of Poitiers cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46308", "name": "\u00c0lex Corretja", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lex_Corretja", "description": "\u00c0lex Corretja Verdegay (Catalan pronunciation: [\u02c8al\u0259ks ku\u02c8r\u025bd\u0292\u0259j \u03b2\u0259\u027e\u00f0\u0259\u02c8\u0263aj]; born 11 April 1974) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. During his career, he was twice a major runner-up at the French Open (in 1998 and 2001), won the Tour Finals in 1998, reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1999, and captured Masters titles at the 1997 Italian Open and 2000 Indian Wells Masters. Corretja also played a key role in helping Spain win its first Davis Cup title in 2000.Post-retirement, Corretja became a temporary coach of Andy Murray in April 2008 for the duration of the clay-court season, resuming the role on a permanent basis between 2009 and 2011. From 2012 to 2013, Corretja coached the Spanish Davis Cup team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that \u00c0lex Corretja is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of the society, and a role in systematic subordination. The information provided about \u00c0lex Corretja does not satisfy any of these conditions. He is a male professional tennis player, and there is no information suggesting that he occupies a subordinate social position or experiences systematic subordination. Therefore, the assertion that \u00c0lex Corretja is a woman cannot be supported.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34624", "name": "Giovanni Gabrieli", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Gabrieli", "description": "Giovanni Gabrieli (c.\u20091554/1557 \u2013 12 August 1612) was an Italian composer and organist. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, and represents the culmination of the style of the Venetian School, at the time of the shift from Renaissance to Baroque idioms.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no argument to assert that Giovanni Gabrieli is a woman. The description of Giovanni Gabrieli does not provide any evidence that he satisfies any of the conditions (i), (ii), or (iii) in the definition of a woman. He is described as an Italian composer and organist, with no mention of his biological role in reproduction, his social position, or any form of subordination. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that Giovanni Gabrieli is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44638", "name": "Montel Vontavious Porter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montel_Vontavious_Porter", "description": "Hassan Hamin Assad (born Alvin Antonio Burke Jr.; October 28, 1973) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs under the ring name MVP (standing for Montel Vontavious Porter) and is also the manager of Omos.\nHe is also known for his tenures in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). Between the three promotions, he is a two-time WWE United States Champion, one-time WWE Tag Team Champion (with Matt Hardy), and was the inaugural IWGP Intercontinental Champion. He was trained by Soulman Alex G and Norman Smiley. Following the completion of his training, he began wrestling for numerous independent promotions, including a stint in TNA. During his time in these promotions, he won various championships in singles competition. He signed with WWE in 2005 and was assigned to Deep South Wrestling (DSW), one of the company's developmental territories. After being promoted to the SmackDown brand, he made his WWE wrestling debut in October 2006. Following his departure from WWE in 2010, he joined New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) in February 2011. He spent the next two years with the promotion, then left NJPW in 2013. Since then, he has returned to the independent circuit and made appearances in Impact Wrestling and Ring of Honor (ROH). He returned to WWE in January 2020.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Montel Vontavious Porter is a woman. The description of Montel Vontavious Porter, also known as Hassan Hamin Assad, indicates that he is a male professional wrestler. There is no mention of him being observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction. There is also no indication that he occupies a social position that is subordinate within the dominant ideology of his society, nor that his social position is oppressive. Therefore, he does not satisfy the conditions (i), (ii), and (iii) of the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q117351954", "name": "Leith Ross (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leith_Ross_(singer)", "description": "Leith Ross is a Canadian indie rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They recorded their debut EP, Motherwell (2020), while studying at Humber College, and subsequently found success on TikTok, most prominently with the song \\\"We'll Never Have Sex\\\" in August 2021. In 2022, they were signed to Interscope and Republic Records. They have toured both nationally and internationally with Lord Huron, Andy Shauf, and Helena Deland, and received the inaugural John Prine Songwriter Fellowship at the 2022 Newport Folk Festival. Their debut album, To Learn, was released on May 19, 2023.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The description provided does not offer any information regarding Leith Ross's biological features, social position, or experiences of subordination related to gender. Therefore, based on the given definition and the information provided, it is not possible to provide an argument asserting that Leith Ross is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45113", "name": "Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Sch%C3%B6nfinkel", "description": "Moses Ilyich Sch\u00f6nfinkel (Russian: \u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0418\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0428\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u044c, romanized: Moisei Isai'evich Sheinfinkel; 29 September 1888 \u2013 1942 (1943)) was a logician and mathematician, known for the invention of combinatory logic.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel is a woman. The description of Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel does not provide any information about his biological role in reproduction, his social position in society, or any evidence of systematic subordination. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q10754", "name": "Almen Abdi", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almen_Abdi", "description": "Almen Abdi (born 21 October 1986) is a retired Swiss footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He has previously played for Z\u00fcrich, Le Mans, Udinese, Watford and Sheffield Wednesday. He has also been capped by the Switzerland national team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Almen Abdi is a woman. The description clearly identifies Almen Abdi as a male footballer and does not provide any information that he is observed or imagined to have certain bodily features presumed to be evidence of a female\u2019s biological role in reproduction, nor that he occupies a social position that is subordinate or oppressive as defined in the concept of a woman. Therefore, using the given definition and information, Almen Abdi cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q107363826", "name": "Linden A. Lewis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linden_A._Lewis", "description": "Linden A. Lewis is a science fiction author, best known for their debut novel The First Sister. Lewis is queer and uses she/they pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The definition of a woman provided includes three main criteria: (i) having certain bodily features associated with the female biological role in reproduction, (ii) being marked within society's dominant ideology as someone who should occupy certain subordinate social positions, and (iii) the fact that satisfying (i) and (ii) contributes to systematic subordination or oppression. \n\nThe description of Linden A. Lewis does not provide explicit information about her physical characteristics or the social positions she occupies. However, it does mention that Lewis uses she/they pronouns. The use of 'she' pronouns could suggest that Lewis identifies with the female gender, which might imply that she meets the first criterion of the definition. \n\nHowever, without more information about Lewis's physical characteristics, social positions, and experiences of subordination or oppression, it is not possible to definitively argue that she is a woman according to the provided definition.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41608", "name": "Constantine VII", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_VII", "description": "Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Greek: \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, translit. K\u014dnstantinos Porphyrogenn\u0113tos; 17 May 905 \u2013 9 November 959) was the fourth Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty, reigning from 6 June 913 to 9 November 959. He was the son of Emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife, Zoe Karbonopsina, and the nephew of his predecessor Alexander.\nMost of his reign was dominated by co-regents: from 913 until 919 he was under the regency of his mother, while from 920 until 945 he shared the throne with Romanos Lekapenos, whose daughter Helena he married, and his sons. Constantine VII is best known for the Geoponika (\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac), an important agronomic treatise compiled during his reign, and three, perhaps four, books; De Administrando Imperio (bearing in Greek the heading \u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u1f31\u1f78\u03bd \u1fec\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd), De Ceremoniis (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), De Thematibus (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0386\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), and Vita Basilii (\u0392\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5), though his authorship of the Vita Basilii is not certain.The epithet porphyrogenitus alludes to the Purple chamber of the imperial palace, decorated with porphyry, where legitimate children of reigning emperors were normally born. Constantine was also born in this room, although his mother Zoe had not been married to Leo at that time. Nevertheless, the epithet allowed him to underline his position as the legitimate son, as opposed to all others, who claimed the throne during his lifetime. Sons born to a reigning Emperor held precedence in the Eastern Roman line of succession over elder sons not born \\\"in the purple\\\".", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Constantine VII is a woman. The description of Constantine VII indicates that he was a male Byzantine emperor. He does not satisfy any of the conditions outlined in the definition of a woman. He was not observed or imagined to have bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, his features did not mark him as someone who should occupy a subordinate social position, and there is no evidence of his systematic subordination or oppression based on these features. Therefore, it is not possible to argue that Constantine VII is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q66451", "name": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Saladin_Leonhardt", "description": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt (13 November 1877 \u2013 14 December 1934) was a German chess master. He was born in Posen, Province of Posen, German Empire (now Poland), and died of a heart attack in K\u00f6nigsberg during a game of chess.\nA player with a low profile and not many tournament wins, Leonhardt has been largely forgotten by the history books. However, at his best, he was able to defeat most of the elite players of the period. Tarrasch, Tartakower, Nimzowitsch, Mar\u00f3czy and R\u00e9ti all succumbed to his fierce attacking style between 1903 and 1920. He won several brilliancy prizes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Paul Saladin Leonhardt is a woman. The description of Paul Saladin Leonhardt does not provide any evidence that he satisfies any of the conditions (i), (ii), or (iii) in the definition of a woman. The information given indicates that he was a male chess master. Therefore, using the provided definition and information, it cannot be argued that Paul Saladin Leonhardt is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29664", "name": "Narendra Karmarkar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Karmarkar", "description": "Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born circa 1956) is an Indian mathematician. Karmarkar developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.He invented one of the first provably polynomial time algorithms for linear programming, which is generally referred to as an interior point method. The algorithm is a cornerstone in the field of linear programming. He published his famous result in 1984 while he was working for Bell Laboratories in New Jersey.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Narendra Karmarkar is a woman. The description does not mention any of the criteria outlined in the definition such as having certain bodily features associated with female biological role in reproduction, being marked within the dominant ideology of society as someone who ought to occupy certain kinds of social position that are subordinate, or having a social position that is oppressive. Therefore, based on the given information, Narendra Karmarkar cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23437", "name": "William Hirstein", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hirstein", "description": "William Hirstein is an American philosopher primarily interested in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, cognitive science, and analytic philosophy. He is a professor of philosophy at Elmhurst University.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that William Hirstein is a woman. The definition of a woman requires certain biological features and social positions that are not mentioned in the description of William Hirstein. The description of William Hirstein does not provide any information about his biological features, social position, or any evidence of systematic subordination. Therefore, we cannot assert that William Hirstein is a woman based on the given definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6013", "name": "James Heneghan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Heneghan", "description": "James Heneghan (7 October 1930 \u2013 23 April 2021), who has also written under the joint pseudonym B. J. Bond, was a British-Canadian author of children's and young adult novels.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information given about James Heneghan, there is no valid argument to assert that James Heneghan is a woman. The definition of a woman in this context requires certain biological features related to female reproduction, a societal expectation of occupying certain subordinate social positions, and a role in systematic subordination. The description of James Heneghan does not provide any information that would satisfy these conditions. Therefore, it cannot be argued that James Heneghan is a woman based on the provided definition and information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43067", "name": "Heinrich Himmler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler", "description": "Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [\u02c8ha\u026an\u0281\u026a\u00e7 \u02c8lu\u02d0\u026atp\u0254lt \u02c8h\u026aml\u0250] ; 7 October 1900 \u2013 23 May 1945) was the Reichsf\u00fchrer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany, and one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany, primarily known for being a main architect of the Holocaust.\nAs a member of a reserve battalion during the First World War, Himmler did not see active service or combat. Having joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925, he was appointed Reichsf\u00fchrer-SS by Adolf Hitler in 1929. Over the next sixteen years, Himmler developed the SS from a 290-man battalion into a million-strong paramilitary group. He was known for good organisational skills and for selecting highly competent subordinates, such as Reinhard Heydrich in 1931. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of the Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police) and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). He also controlled the Waffen-SS, the military branch of the SS. \nHimmler's interest in occultism and V\u00f6lkisch topics influenced the development of the racial policy of Nazi Germany; he also incorporated esoteric symbolism and rituals into the SS. He was the principal overseer of Nazi Germany's genocidal programs, forming the Einsatzgruppen and administering extermination camps. In this capacity, Himmler directed the killing of some six million Jews, between 200,000 and 500,000 Romani people, and other victims. A day before the launch of Operation Barbarossa, Himmler commissioned the drafting of Generalplan Ost, which was approved by Hitler in May 1942. The total number of civilians killed by the Nazi regime is estimated to be between 11 to 14 million people, most of whom were Polish and Soviet citizens.\nLate in the Second World War, Hitler briefly appointed Himmler as military commander and later Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the administration of the entire Third Reich (Generalbevollm\u00e4chtigter f\u00fcr die Verwaltung). Specifically, he was given command of the Army Group Upper Rhine and the Army Group Vistula. After Himmler failed to achieve his assigned objectives, Hitler replaced him in these posts. Realising the war was lost, Himmler attempted to open peace talks with the western Allies without Hitler's knowledge, shortly before the end of the war. Hearing of this, Hitler dismissed him from all his posts in April 1945 and ordered his arrest. Himmler attempted to go into hiding but was detained and then arrested by British forces once his identity became known. While in British custody, he died by suicide on 23 May 1945.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Heinrich Himmler is a woman. The definition of a woman, as given, involves biological, social, and ideological factors that do not apply to Himmler. He was not observed or imagined to have the bodily features associated with a female's biological role in reproduction, nor was he marked within his society as someone who ought to occupy a subordinate social position. Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest that Himmler's social position was oppressive or that he was systematically subordinated. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Heinrich Himmler cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48771", "name": "Samuel Mohilever", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Mohilever", "description": "Samuel Mohilever (1824 \u2013 1898), also Shmuel Mohilever, was a rabbi, pioneer of Religious Zionism and one of the founders of the Hovevei Zion movement.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and the information about Samuel Mohilever, it is not possible to argue that Samuel Mohilever is a woman. The definition of a woman involves certain biological features and social positions that are typically associated with females. The description of Samuel Mohilever identifies him as a rabbi and a pioneer of Religious Zionism, roles that are typically associated with males, especially in the time period he lived. Furthermore, his name, Samuel, is traditionally a male name. Therefore, there is no basis for asserting that Samuel Mohilever is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}]}, {"classification_procedure": {"id": "Homosaurus", "term": "woman", "definition": "Adults who self-identify as women and understand their gender in terms of \nWestern conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The term has typically \nbeen defined as adult female humans, though not all women identify with the term 'female' \ndepending on the context in which it is used.", "reference": "https://homosaurus.org/v3/homoit0001509", "model_name": "gpt-4", "temperature": 0.1}, "results": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78364", "name": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_On%C3%A9gin", "description": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin (June 1, 1889 \u2013 June 16, 1943) was a Franco-German operatic dramatic contralto who enjoyed a major international career prior to World War II. She was celebrated for the richness of its tone, its flexibility, its size, and its expert coloratura technique. She also possessed a wide vocal range.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Sigrid On\u00e9gin can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description of Sigrid On\u00e9gin does not explicitly state her gender identity, it uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to her, which is a common way of identifying women. Furthermore, Sigrid On\u00e9gin is an adult, as indicated by her dates of birth and death and her accomplished career. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Sigrid On\u00e9gin is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214617", "name": "Hagar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagar", "description": "According to the Book of Genesis, Hagar was an Egyptian slave, a handmaiden of Sarah (then known as Sarai), whom Sarah gave to her own husband Abram (later renamed Abraham) as a wife to bear him a child. Abraham's firstborn son, through Hagar, Ishmael, became the progenitor of the Ishmaelites, generally taken to be the Arabs. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites (sons of Agar), perhaps claiming her as their eponymous ancestor. Hagar is alluded to, although not named, in the Quran, and Islam considers her Abraham's second wife.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Hagar can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. She is an adult who presumably identifies with the term 'woman' as she was given as a wife to Abraham, which is a role typically associated with women in Western conceptions of gender. Furthermore, she bore Abraham a child, which is a biological function typically associated with femaleness. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Hagar fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q100206", "name": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechtildis_of_Edelstetten", "description": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten, also known as Mechtildis of Diessen or Mechtildis of Andechs, was a Benedictine abbess and, according to legend, a renowned miracle worker. Mechtildis was the daughter of Count Berthold of Andechs, whose wife, Sophie, founded a monastery on their estate at Diessen, Bavaria, and placed their daughter there at the age of five. In 1153, the Bishop of Augsburg placed her as Abbess of Edelstetten Abbey. Mechtildis was known for her mystical gifts and miracles. She died at Diessen, Germany, on 31 May 1160. Her adorned remains lie in a glass shrine within the Marienm\u00fcnster church of that town.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mechtildis of Edelstetten is identified as a woman based on the information provided in the description. She is referred to using female pronouns and is described as the daughter of Count Berthold of Andechs, indicating that she is an adult who identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she was placed as an Abbess, a role typically held by women in the Benedictine order. Therefore, according to the definition of a woman as an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity, it can be argued that Mechtildis of Edelstetten is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77765", "name": "Juliane Werding", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliane_Werding", "description": "Juliane Werding (born 19 July 1956 in Essen) is a German singer and alternative therapy practitioner (Heilpraktiker).\nHer recordings include \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" and \\\"Nacht voll Schatten\\\" in 1983 (German cover of Mike Oldfield's \\\"Moonlight Shadow\\\"). \\\"Am Tag, als Conny Kramer starb\\\" is the tune of the American song \\\"The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down\\\" by The Band with new lyrics about a different subject. Werding wrote several books and lives in Starnberg near Munich, where she works in alternative therapy. She has two children. In 2009, she quit show business to focus on working as a Heilpraktiker.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Juliane Werding does not explicitly state her gender. However, it provides several clues that align with the definition of a woman. Firstly, she is an adult, as indicated by her birth date in 1956 and her professional accomplishments. Secondly, she is referred to with female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\"), which suggests that she identifies as a woman. Lastly, she has given birth to two children, which is typically associated with female biology. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Juliane Werding is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q111188", "name": "Hannah Vogt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_Vogt", "description": "Hannah Vogt (3 March 1910, Berlin \u2013 13 February 1994, G\u00f6ttingen) was a German historian who wrote the best-selling book The Burden of Guilt: A Short History of Germany, 1914-1945. It was first published in Germany in 1961 and sold 400,000 copies in the first two years.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Hannah Vogt is identified as a woman based on the information provided. The concept of a woman is defined as an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description of Hannah Vogt does not explicitly state her gender identity, it uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to her, which is a common way of indicating a person's gender in English. Therefore, based on the information given, it can be argued that Hannah Vogt is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q176041", "name": "Elisabeth of Valois", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois", "description": "Elisabeth of France, or Elisabeth of Valois (Spanish: Isabel de Valois; French: \u00c9lisabeth de Valois) (2 April 1546 \u2013 3 October 1568), was Queen of Spain as the third wife of Philip II of Spain. She was the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth of Valois can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. She is an adult who presumably understood her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity, as indicated by her title of \"Queen\" and her marriage to Philip II of Spain. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns and her name is traditionally associated with females. Therefore, Elisabeth of Valois fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35524637", "name": "Valentina Sampaio", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentina_Sampaio", "description": "Valentina Sampaio (born 10 December 1996) is a Brazilian model and actress. She became Victoria's Secret's first openly transgender model in August 2019, and became the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue's first openly transgender model in 2020.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Valentina Sampaio self-identifies as a woman and understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. She is an adult, which aligns with the definition of a woman as an adult who identifies as such. Furthermore, her identification as a transgender woman does not contradict the definition provided, as it specifies that not all women necessarily identify with the term 'female' depending on the context. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Valentina Sampaio can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21826", "name": "Edith Clarke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Clarke", "description": "Edith Clarke (February 10, 1883 \u2013 October 29, 1959) was the first woman to be professionally employed as an electrical engineer in the United States, and the first female professor of electrical engineering in the country. She was the first woman to deliver a paper at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, the first female engineer whose professional standing was recognized by Tau Beta Pi, and the first woman named as a Fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. She specialized in electrical power system analysis and wrote Circuit Analysis of A-C Power Systems.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman includes adults who self-identify as women and understand their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Edith Clarke refers to her using female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\"), indicating that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is referred to as the \"first woman\" in several instances in her professional field, which suggests that she is recognized by others as a woman as well. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it can be argued that Edith Clarke is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113883", "name": "Lois Nettleton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lois_Nettleton", "description": "Lois June Nettleton (August 16, 1927 \u2013 January 18, 2008) was an American film, stage, radio and television actress. She received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations and won two Daytime Emmy Awards.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Lois Nettleton can be considered a woman based on the given definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Lois Nettleton, being an adult and referred to with female pronouns in the description, can be inferred to identify as a woman. Furthermore, she is described as an actress, a profession typically associated with the female gender in Western society. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Lois Nettleton is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78613", "name": "Leonie Rysanek", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonie_Rysanek", "description": "Leopoldine Rysanek (14 November 1926 \u2013 7 March 1998) was an Austrian dramatic soprano.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Leonie Rysanek is described as a 'soprano', a term typically used to refer to female singers in Western music. This suggests that she identifies as a woman, and thus fits the definition of a woman as an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232343", "name": "Bridget Moynahan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridget_Moynahan", "description": "Kathryn Bridget Moynahan (born April 28, 1971) is an American actress and former model. She graduated from Longmeadow High School in Massachusetts in 1989 and began pursuing a career in modeling. Moynahan appeared in department-store catalogs and magazines, and after doing television commercials, began taking acting lessons. She made her television debut in a guest appearance in the comedy series Sex and the City in 1999, where she later had a recurring role as Natasha.\nMoynahan made her feature-film debut in Coyote Ugly (2000). She had supporting roles in Serendipity (2001); The Sum of All Fears (2002); The Recruit (2003); I, Robot (2004); Lord of War (2005); Grey Matters (2006); Prey (2007); Noise (2007); Ramona and Beezus (2010); John Wick (2014); The Journey Home (2014) and John Wick: Chapter 2 (2017).\nMoynahan starred in the ABC television series Six Degrees, which premiered in September 2006, and was taken off the schedule after just eight episodes. Since September 2010, she has starred as Erin Reagan in the CBS police drama Blue Bloods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Bridget Moynahan can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Bridget Moynahan is an adult, as indicated by her birth date in 1971, which makes her over the age of 18. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns in the description, suggesting that she identifies as a woman. Additionally, she operates within a Western context, as evidenced by her career in American film and television. Therefore, based on the given definition and the information provided, Bridget Moynahan can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28885", "name": "Galina Ulanova", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galina_Ulanova", "description": "Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova (Russian: \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, pronounced [\u0261\u0250\u02c8l\u02b2in\u0259 \u028a\u02c8lan\u0259v\u0259]; 8 January 1910 [O.S. 26 December 1909] \u2013 21 March 1998) was a Russian ballet dancer. She is frequently cited as being one of the greatest ballerinas of the 20th century.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Galina Ulanova can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description of Galina Ulanova does not explicitly state her gender identity, it does refer to her using female pronouns (\"she\"), suggesting that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by the dates of her birth and death. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Galina Ulanova fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235460", "name": "Kathy Najimy", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Najimy", "description": "Kathy Ann Najimy ( n\u0259-JIM-ee; Arabic: \u0643\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a; born February 6, 1957) is an American actress and activist. She was first nationally known for her feminist play The Kathy and Mo Show, which she wrote and performed with Mo Gaffney. On film, she is best known for her roles in Soapdish (1991), Sister Act (1992) and its sequel (1993), Hocus Pocus (1993) and its sequel (2022), Hope Floats (1998), The Wedding Planner (2001), Rat Race (2001), WALL-E (2008), Step Up 3D (2010), The Guilt Trip (2012), Tyler Perry's A Madea Christmas (2013), A Christmas Melody (2015), Dumplin' (2018), Music (2021), and Single All the Way (2021). On television, she is best known for her portrayal of Olive Massery on the NBC sitcom Veronica's Closet (1997\u20132000) and for voicing Peggy Hill on the animated television series King of the Hill (1997\u20132010).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Kathy Najimy can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. In the description of Kathy Najimy, she is referred to with female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", which indicates that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is known for her feminist play, which suggests that she understands and engages with concepts of femaleness and femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Kathy Najimy can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q104012", "name": "Euterpe", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euterpe", "description": "Euterpe (; Greek: \u0395\u1f50\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b7, lit.\u2009'rejoicing well' or 'delight' [eu\u032ft\u00e9rp\u025b\u02d0], from Ancient Greek: \u03b5\u1f56, romanized: e\u00fb, lit.\u2009'well' + Greek: \u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, romanized: t\u00e9rpein, lit.\u2009'to please') was one of the Muses in Greek mythology, presiding over music. In late Classical times, she was named muse of lyric poetry. She has been called \\\"Giver of delight\\\" by ancient poets.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Euterpe can be considered a woman based on the provided definition of a woman. In Greek mythology, Euterpe is one of the Muses, who are typically depicted and understood as female entities. While the concept of gender identity as we understand it today did not exist in ancient Greece, the Muses were personified as female and were often associated with traditionally feminine roles and attributes, such as music and poetry. Therefore, Euterpe, as a Muse, aligns with the Western conception of femaleness and femininity. Furthermore, Euterpe is an adult entity, fulfilling the age aspect of the definition. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Euterpe can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85719", "name": "Ilse Bing", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilse_Bing", "description": "Ilse Bing (23 March 1899 \u2013 10 March 1998) was a German avant-garde and commercial photographer who produced pioneering monochrome images during the inter-war era.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Ilse Bing uses the pronoun 'she' which typically refers to individuals who identify as women. Therefore, based on the provided definition of a woman, it can be argued that Ilse Bing is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113535", "name": "Waltraud Klasnic", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltraud_Klasnic", "description": "Waltraud Klasnic (n\u00e9e Tschiltsch, born 27 October 1945) is an Austrian politician who was Landeshauptfrau (governor) of Styria from 1996 until 2005.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman includes adults who self-identify as women. While the description of Waltraud Klasnic does not explicitly state her gender identity, it does refer to her using female pronouns (\"she\"), which typically indicates a self-identification as a woman. Furthermore, she has been a politician in a Western society (Austria), which suggests she likely understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Waltraud Klasnic is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q231487", "name": "Monica (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monica_(singer)", "description": "Monica Denise Arnold (formerly Brown; born October 24, 1980) is an American singer, rapper and actress. Born and raised in College Park, Georgia, she began performing as a child and became part of a traveling gospel choir at the age of ten. Monica rose to prominence after she signed with Rowdy Records in 1993 and released her debut album Miss Thang two years later. She followed it with a series of successful albums, including her highest-selling album The Boy Is Mine (1998) as well as the number-one albums After the Storm (2003), The Makings of Me (2006) and Still Standing (2010).\nMonica's popularity was further enhanced by her appearances in television series such as Living Single (1996), Felicity (2001), and American Dreams (2003), and films including Boys and Girls (2000), Love Song (2000), and Pastor Brown (2009). In 2008, she served as a key advisor on the NBC talent show The Voice. The recording of the song \\\"Still Standing\\\" along with her personal life, resulted in her own highly rated BET series Monica: Still Standing.\nThroughout her career, several of Monica's singles became number-one hits on the pop and R&B charts, including \\\"Before You Walk Out of My Life\\\", \\\"Don't Take It Personal (Just One of Dem Days)\\\", \\\"Like This and Like That\\\", \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\" (with Brandy), \\\"The First Night\\\", \\\"Angel of Mine\\\", \\\"So Gone\\\", and \\\"Everything to Me\\\".\nMonica has sold 5.3 million albums in the United States. In 2010, Billboard listed Monica at number 24 on its list of the Top 50 R&B and Hip Hop Artists of the past 25 years. A four-time nominee, she won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for her contribution to \\\"The Boy Is Mine\\\", at the 41st awards ceremony. In addition she is the recipient of one Billboard Music Video Award, one BET Award, and one Soul Train Music Award.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided for a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Monica (singer) does not explicitly state her gender identity, but it does refer to her using female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\"), which is a common way of indicating a person's gender identity in English language. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Monica (singer) is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q94143", "name": "Yelda Reynaud", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yelda_Reynaud", "description": "Yelda Reynaud (born Kaymak\u00e7\u0131 on 17 January 1972) is a Turkish-Austrian actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Yelda Reynaud is described as an actress, a term typically associated with female performers in the context of Western conceptions of gender. Therefore, based on the definition provided, it can be argued that Yelda Reynaud identifies as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q68196", "name": "Cornelia Pfohl", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia_Pfohl", "description": "Cornelia Pfohl (born 23 February 1971) is a German archer who contested four consecutive Summer Olympic Games from 1992 to 2004. She is a two-time Olympic medalist in the women's team event, winning silver medal in 1996 and bronze medal in 2000. She attracted attention at both the 2000 and 2004 Olympics for competing while pregnant with her first and second child respectively.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Cornelia Pfohl is identified as a woman based on the information provided in the description. She competed in the women's team event at the Summer Olympic Games, which implies that she identifies as a woman. Additionally, she was pregnant during the 2000 and 2004 Olympics, which is typically a characteristic associated with adult female humans, as stated in the definition of a woman. Therefore, based on the definition and the information provided, it can be argued that Cornelia Pfohl is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97003", "name": "Amelie Beese", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelie_Beese", "description": "Amelie Hedwig Boutard-Beese (13 September 1886 \u2013 22 December 1925), also known as Melli Beese, was the first female German pilot, and airplane engineer female aviator.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Amelie Beese can be classified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Amelie Beese is referred to as 'female' in the description, suggesting that she identifies with the term 'female'. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by her accomplishments as a pilot and airplane engineer. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Amelie Beese can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q83325", "name": "Pamela Anderson", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_Anderson", "description": "Pamela Denise Anderson (born July 1, 1967) is a Canadian-American actress, model and media personality. She is best known for her modelling work in Playboy magazine and for her role as \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the television series Baywatch (1992\u20131997).\nAnderson came to public prominence after being selected as the February 1990 Playboy Playmate of the Month following her appearance on the cover of the magazine's October 1989 issue. She went on to make regular appearances on the magazine's cover, holding the record for the most Playboy covers by any individual. Anderson became known to a wider audience with her role on the ABC sitcom Home Improvement for its first two seasons. She gained international recognition for her starring role of \\\"C.J.\\\" Parker on the action drama series Baywatch, further cementing her status as a sex symbol. In 1995, a sex tape of her with her then husband Tommy Lee was stolen and leaked, which resulted in a legal fight and made her the subject of controversy.\nAnderson played Vallery Irons on the syndicated series V.I.P. (1998\u20132002) and starred as Skyler Dayton on the Fox sitcom Stacked (2005\u20132006). Her film credits include Raw Justice (1994), Barb Wire (1996), Scary Movie 3 (2003), Borat (2006), Superhero Movie, Blonde and Blonder (both 2008), The Institute, Baywatch (both 2017), and City Hunter (2018). She appeared in her own reality series Pam: Girl on the Loose in 2008 and has taken part in numerous television shows from around the world, including Dancing with the Stars (2010, 2012), Bailando (2011), VIP Brother (2012), Dancing on Ice (2013), and Danse avec les stars (2018). In 2023, Anderson collaborated with Netflix on Pamela, a Love Story, a documentary about her life.\nAnderson has publicly supported various charitable causes, particularly animal rights, and has endorsed PETA activities. She has also released three autobiographies and four novels. Anderson was the recipient of a star on the Canadian Walk of Fame in 2006. She holds both American and Canadian citizenship.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Pamela Anderson can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Pamela Anderson uses female pronouns such as 'her' and 'she', indicating that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, Anderson's roles in media, such as her modeling work for Playboy and her roles in various television series and films, align with Western conceptions of femaleness and femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information given, it can be argued that Pamela Anderson is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185747", "name": "Nemesis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemesis", "description": "In ancient Greek religion, Nemesis, also called Rhamnousia or Rhamnusia (Ancient Greek: \u1fec\u03b1\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, romanized: Rhamnous\u00eda, lit.\u2009'the goddess of Rhamnous'), was the goddess who personifies retribution for the sin of hubris: arrogance before the gods.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nemesis is described as a goddess in ancient Greek religion. The term 'goddess' is typically used to refer to a female deity in polytheistic religions. Therefore, based on the definition of a woman as an adult who identifies with femaleness and/or femininity, and the context in which the term 'goddess' is used, it can be argued that Nemesis is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q93172", "name": "Gaia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia", "description": "In Greek mythology, Gaia (; Ancient Greek: \u0393\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b1, romanized: Ga\u00eea, a poetic form of \u0393\u1fc6 (G\u00ea), meaning 'land' or 'earth'), also spelled Gaea , is the personification of the Earth. Gaia is the ancestral mother\u2014sometimes parthenogenic\u2014of all life. She is the mother of Uranus (Sky), from whose sexual union she bore the Titans (themselves parents of many of the Olympian gods), the Cyclopes, and the Giants; as well as of Pontus (Sea), from whose union she bore the primordial sea gods. Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gaia can be considered a woman based on the definition provided. She is personified in Greek mythology as a mother figure, which aligns with the Western conception of femaleness and femininity. She is also described as the ancestral mother of all life, further reinforcing her association with the concept of womanhood. Although she is not a human, the definition does not strictly limit the term 'woman' to human beings. Therefore, within the context of Greek mythology, Gaia can be interpreted as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54436", "name": "Mary Walton", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Walton", "description": "Mary Elizabeth Walton was a nineteenth-century American inventor who was awarded two patents for pollution-reducing devices. In 1881, Walton created a method for reducing the environmental hazards of the smoke emitted from locomotive, industrial and residential chimneys. Her system deflected the emissions being produced by factory smokestacks into water tanks, where the pollutants were retained and later flushed \\\"into the sewer, or into other suitable channels for conducting them to a distant or any desired locality\\\". This water tank system redirected smoke, odors, and pollutants away from the city and out of the air before society had even come to an understanding of the problem. The extent of the problem was a dark cloud that hung in the air and an unpleasant odor, yet Walton inadvertently also helped to reduce air pollution and cancer-causing coal smoke.Mary Walton also invented a system for reducing the noise produced by the elevated railway systems that were rapidly expanding in New York City, where she lived near the Sixth Avenue Line. Walton had chosen to pursue a solution after hearing that young Thomas Edison had tried and failed. After experimentation and research, she was able to narrow down that much of the sound was a result of amplification from wooden support boxes. To test various solutions, she built a model of the tracks in her basement. From these tests, she determined that lining the boxes with cotton and filling them with sand served to effectively dampen the sound of the trains. Her system deadened the noise caused by trains running over the tracks by cradling the tracks in a wooden box lined with cotton and filled with sand. The rights to her invention, patented in 1881, were sold to the Metropolitan Railroad for $10,000 and the system was soon adopted by other elevated railway companies. Her idea of using sand to dampen sound pollution in New York was inspired by the use of sand to dampen the clanging of anvils near her home. Mary Walton was a true innovator, noticing and experiencing problems in her life and targeting that as a way to make the world a better place.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The text does not explicitly state that Mary Walton identifies as a woman or understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. However, the text uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") consistently when referring to Mary Walton, which is typically indicative of a female gender identity. Additionally, the text refers to Mary Walton as a \"nineteenth-century American inventor,\" suggesting that she is an adult. Given these indications of adult age and female gender identity, it can be argued that Mary Walton fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39962", "name": "Berenice I of Egypt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berenice_I_of_Egypt", "description": "Berenice I (Greek: \u0392\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7; c. 340 BC \u2013 between 279 and 268 BC) was Queen of Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy I Soter. She became the second queen, after Eurydice, of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Berenice I of Egypt can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Berenice I of Egypt was an adult and is referred to as \"Queen\" which is a term typically associated with femaleness and femininity. Therefore, it can be argued that Berenice I of Egypt fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62041", "name": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Christine_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel,_Crown_Princess_of_Prussia", "description": "Elisabeth Christine Ulrike of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel (8 November 1746 \u2013 18 February 1840), was Crown Princess of Prussia as the first wife of Crown Prince Frederick William, her cousin and the future king Frederick William II of Prussia.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Elisabeth Christine is referred to as \"Crown Princess\" and \"wife,\" which are terms typically associated with the female gender in Western conceptions. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by her roles as a wife and crown princess. Therefore, based on the information provided, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenb\u00fcttel, Crown Princess of Prussia, can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q180288", "name": "Toti Dal Monte", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toti_Dal_Monte", "description": "Antonietta Meneghel (27 June 1893 \u2013 26 January 1975), better known by her stage name Toti Dal Monte, was a celebrated Italian operatic lyric soprano . She may be best remembered today for her performance as Cio-cio-san in Puccini's Madama Butterfly, having recorded this role complete in 1939 with Beniamino Gigli as Pinkerton.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Toti Dal Monte can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Toti Dal Monte refers to her using female pronouns, indicating that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by her dates of birth and death. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Toti Dal Monte can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87344", "name": "Gertrud von Hindenburg", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_von_Hindenburg", "description": "Gertrud Wilhelmine von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (n\u00e9e von Sperling; 4 December 1860 \u2013 14 May 1921) was a German noblewoman and philanthropist. She was the wife of Paul von Hindenburg, the Chief of the German Army Command in the second half of the First World War and President of Germany from 1925.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Gertrud von Hindenburg can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Gertrud von Hindenburg is identified as a wife, which is a term typically associated with adult females in Western society. Therefore, it can be inferred that she self-identifies as a woman and understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Furthermore, the definition also states that the term woman has typically been defined as adult female humans, and Gertrud von Hindenburg is identified as a human adult. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Gertrud von Hindenburg can be identified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q75161", "name": "Mary Prema Pierick", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Prema_Pierick", "description": "Sister Mary Prema Pierick, MC (born 13 May 1953), is a German-born religious sister and the former Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity of Calcutta, India, the religious institute founded by the Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta. She is of German origin.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Mary Prema Pierick is identified as a \"sister,\" which is a term typically used to refer to adult females in the context of religious orders. This aligns with the definition of a woman as an adult who identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Furthermore, there is no information provided that suggests Mary Prema Pierick does not identify with the term 'female'. Therefore, based on the information given, it can be argued that Mary Prema Pierick is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q92224", "name": "Janine Tischer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janine_Tischer", "description": "Janine Tischer (born 19 May 1984 in Meiningen) is a German bobsledder who has competed since 2002. She won three medals in the two-woman event at the FIBT World Championships with two silvers (2007, 2008) and a bronze (2009).\nTischer finished seventh in the two-woman event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Janine Tischer is referred to with female pronouns (she/her) in the description provided. This indicates that she self-identifies as a woman, aligning with the definition of a woman as an adult who self-identifies as such. Furthermore, she competes in a two-woman event in bobsledding, which suggests that she understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Janine Tischer is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q76445", "name": "Nicki (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicki_(singer)", "description": "Nicki (born Doris Andrea Hrda; November 2, 1966 in the town of Plattling (in the Deggendorf district of Bavaria, Germany) is a German pop singer and composer. She currently lives with her life partner and their two daughters in Plattling.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nicki is described as an adult who self-identifies as a woman. She is also described as a mother, which typically aligns with Western conceptions of femaleness and femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition, it can be argued that Nicki (singer) is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64672", "name": "Elisabeth Becker", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Becker", "description": "Elisabeth Becker (20 July 1923 \u2013 4 July 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp overseer in World War II.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Elisabeth Becker is identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description of Elisabeth Becker does not explicitly state her gender identity, it uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to her, which implies that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, the definition includes adult female humans, and Elisabeth Becker, being an adult human who is referred to with female pronouns, fits this part of the definition as well. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Elisabeth Becker can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235272", "name": "Amy Smart", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Smart", "description": "Amy Lysle Smart (born March 26, 1976) is an American actress. Her first role in film was in Martin Kunert's anthology horror film Campfire Tales, followed by a minor part in Paul Verhoeven's Starship Troopers (1997). In 1998, Smart played a role in Dee Snider's Strangeland. She garnered widespread recognition after appearing in the mainstream teen drama Varsity Blues (1999), as well as for her recurring role as Ruby on the television series Felicity (1999\u20132001). She followed this with a lead role in the college sex comedy Road Trip (2000), and co-starred in Jerry Zucker's ensemble comedy Rat Race (2001). She had a lead role opposite Ashton Kutcher in the sci-fi drama The Butterfly Effect (2004).\nSmart co-starred with Ryan Reynolds and Anna Faris in Just Friends (2005), followed by the sports drama Peaceful Warrior (2006). From 2011 to 2012, she had a recurring role as Jasmine Hollander on the series Shameless. She subsequently starred in Tyler Perry's comedy The Single Moms Club (2014). Since 2020, Smart has starred as Barbara Whitmore in the DC Universe/The CW superhero drama series Stargirl.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Amy Smart can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Amy Smart is an adult, as indicated by her birth date in 1976. Furthermore, she is referred to using female pronouns in the description, suggesting that she identifies as a woman. There is no information provided that contradicts this identification. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Amy Smart is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q73380", "name": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadine_Ernsting-Krienke", "description": "Nadine Ernsting-Krienke (born 5 February 1974 in Telgte, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a field hockey striker from Germany, who won the gold medal with the women's national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. She is one of the most decorated field hockey players in Germany, having played in four consecutive Summer Olympic Games, starting in 1992. She retired from international play in 2009, after having represented Germany 360 times, scoring 137 goals.Since 1989 she has been playing for Eintracht Braunschweig in Bundesliga.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Nadine Ernsting-Krienke provides several pieces of information that align with the definition of a woman. Firstly, she is an adult, as indicated by her birth date and her long career in field hockey. Secondly, she is referred to with female pronouns (\"she\"), which suggests that she identifies as a woman. Lastly, she played for the women's national team, which is typically composed of individuals who identify as women. Therefore, based on the provided definition, it can be argued that Nadine Ernsting-Krienke is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q74649", "name": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "description": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (14 October 1519 \u2013 31 October 1567) was a Princess of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and by marriage Electress Palatine.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description does not explicitly state that Marie self-identifies as a woman, it does refer to her as a \"Princess\" and \"Electress,\" both of which are female titles in Western society. This suggests that she identifies with the term 'female' and understands her gender in terms of Western conceptions of femaleness and femininity. Therefore, it can be argued that Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55418", "name": "Margarethe von Trotta", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta", "description": "Margarethe von Trotta (German: [ma\u0281\u0261a\u02c8\u0281e\u02d0t\u0259 f\u0254n \u02c8t\u0281\u0254ta] ) is a German film director, screenwriter, and actress. She has been referred to as a \\\"leading force\\\" of the New German Cinema movement. Von Trotta's extensive body of work has won awards internationally. She was married to and collaborated with director Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff. Although they made a successful team, von Trotta felt she was seen as secondary to Schl\u00f6ndorff. Subsequently, she established a solo career for herself and became \\\"Germany's foremost female film director, who has offered the most sustained and successful female variant of Autorenkino in postwar German film history\\\". Certain aspects of von Trotta's work have been compared to Ingmar Bergman's features from the 1960s and 1970s.Von Trotta has been called \\\"the world's leading feminist filmmaker\\\". The predominant aim of her films is to create new representations of women. Her films are concerned with relationships between and among women (sisters, best friends, etc.), as well as with relationships between women and men, and include political settings. Nevertheless, she rejects the suggestion that she makes \\\"women's films\\\".She is a recipient of one Golden Lion at Venice Film Festival, 2 David di Donatello Awards, Gold Hugo Award at Chicago International Film Festival, Lifetime Achievement Award at European Film Award, Lifetime Achievement Award at German Film Awards, 2 Palme d'Or nominations at Cannes Film Festival, and numerous other awards and nominations.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition of a woman includes adults who self-identify as women and understand their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. In the description of Margarethe von Trotta, she is referred to with female pronouns such as \"she\" and \"her\", indicating that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is described as \"Germany's foremost female film director\" and \"the world's leading feminist filmmaker\", both of which suggest that she understands her gender in terms of femaleness and femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Margarethe von Trotta can be argued to be a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77193", "name": "Sahra Wagenknecht", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht", "description": "Sahra Wagenknecht (born Sarah Wagenknecht; German pronunciation: [\u02ccza\u02d0\u0281a \u02c8va\u02d0\u0261\u014b\u030d\u02cckn\u025b\u00e7t]; 16 July 1969) is a German politician, economist, author, and publicist. Since 2009, she has been a member of the Bundestag for The Left. From 2015 to 2019, she served as the parliamentary co-chair of her party.\nWagenknecht became a prominent member of the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) from the early 1990s. After the foundation of The Left, she became a leading member of one of the party's most left-wing factions as leader of the Communist Platform. She has been a controversial figure throughout her career due to her hardline and populist stances, statements about East Germany, immigration and refugees, and her political movement Aufstehen.From 2020 onward Wagenknecht was quiet frequently present at German media but not so often in parlament. She is not a member of any parliamentary committee.Due to the growing and lasting conflicts within the Left Party, Wagenknecht was considering forming her own party up from 2021. End of September 2023, the association \\\"BSW \u2013 For Reason and Justice e. V.\\\" was founded, intended to serve as a precursor to a future party of Wagenknecht.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Sahra Wagenknecht can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the description does not explicitly state that Sahra Wagenknecht identifies as a woman, it uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to her, which suggests that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by her birth date (16 July 1969). Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Sahra Wagenknecht fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6138404", "name": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamara_Adri%C3%A1n", "description": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n (born 20 February 1954, in Caracas) is a Venezuelan politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Venezuela in the 2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election. She is noted as the first transgender person elected to office in Venezuela, and only the second transgender member of a national legislature in the Western Hemisphere. Some early media coverage credited her as the first transgender member of a legislature in the Americas, but this was later corrected due to the election of Michelle Su\u00e1rez B\u00e9rtora to the Senate of Uruguay in 2014.She is a member of the Popular Will party, one of the forces in opposition to the PSUV-led government of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro. Within this party, she organized a social movement called Pro-Inclusion, aiming at promoting equal rights. She took her oath of office at the National Assembly of Venezuela on January 14, 2015. During her term in office, Adri\u00e1n intends to promote proper access to public records on identity, same-sex marriage and human rights.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Tamara Adri\u00e1n can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Tamara Adri\u00e1n notes that she is a transgender person, which implies that she identifies with a gender different from the one she was assigned at birth. Given that she is referred to using female pronouns and the name 'Tamara', it can be inferred that she identifies as a woman. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Tamara Adri\u00e1n is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219439", "name": "Agnes Mary Mansour", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Mary_Mansour", "description": "Agnes Mary Mansour (April 10, 1931 \u2013 December 17, 2004) was an American former Catholic nun, as well as a politician and public official. She is known for having been given a choice from the Vatican in 1983 to end her religious vows or to resign from her position as the director of the Michigan Department of Social Services, which required her to support and allocate public funding for abortions. The controversy involved her belief that abortion was tragic but should be legal, despite her vows as a religious and the teachings of the Catholic Church.\nAfter graduating from college in Detroit, Mansour entered religious life with the Sisters of Mercy and earned a doctorate in biochemistry. She served as the president of Mercy College of Detroit from 1971 to 1983. She ran unsuccessfully for public office in 1982, in the process provoking comment from the Archbishop of Detroit. \nThe governor of Michigan appointed her to lead the state's social services department, and she was confirmed in early 1983. During this time, the Archbishop of Detroit and Vatican officials asked Mansour declare herself against abortion\u2014as her department was responsible for abortion services funded through Medicaid. Mansour refused to make such a statement, and two months after her confirmation as director, she was required by the Vatican to decide whether she was to continue as director or as a nun. She chose to give up her vows as a nun. \nAfter serving out her appointment, she was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 1988.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Agnes Mary Mansour can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Agnes Mary Mansour, being an adult, is referred to with female pronouns throughout the description, indicating that she identifies as a woman. Furthermore, she was a nun, a role traditionally associated with women, and she served in roles and positions typically associated with the Western conception of womanness, such as a public official, politician, and president of a college. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Agnes Mary Mansour is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87436375", "name": "Karina Pankievich", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karina_Pankievich", "description": "Karina Pankievich is a Uruguayan trans rights activist. She is the president of Trans Association of Uruguay (Spanish: Asociaci\u00f3n Trans del Uruguay, ATRU).", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The definition provided states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. While the definition also mentions that the term has typically been defined as adult female humans, it acknowledges that not all women identify with the term 'female' depending on the context in which it is used. \n\nKarina Pankievich is described as a trans rights activist, which implies that she identifies as a trans woman. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Karina Pankievich can be considered a woman as she self-identifies as such and understands her gender in terms of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128454", "name": "Empress Sunjeonghyo", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Sunjeonghyo", "description": "Empress Sunjeonghyo (Korean: \uc21c\uc815\ud6a8\ud669\ud6c4; 7 September 1894 \u2013 3 February 1966), was the second wife and first Empress Consort of Sunjong of Korea, the last ruler of the Korean Empire.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Empress Sunjeonghyo can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. She is an adult who presumably identifies as a woman, given her title of 'Empress', which is a female title in Western conceptions of gender. Furthermore, she was the wife of Sunjong of Korea, which suggests she identifies with the term 'female' in the context of a heterosexual marriage. Therefore, based on the information provided, Empress Sunjeonghyo fits the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155438", "name": "Michaela Kirchgasser", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michaela_Kirchgasser", "description": "Michaela Kirchgasser (born 18 March 1985) is a retired Austrian alpine ski racer. She raced in the technical events of slalom and giant slalom, and also the combined.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Michaela Kirchgasser does not provide explicit information about her gender identity. However, she is referred to with the pronoun \"she\", which is typically used in English to refer to individuals who identify as women. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Michaela Kirchgasser identifies as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q72188", "name": "Ulla Wiesner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulla_Wiesner", "description": "Ulla Wiesner (born 12 December 1940) is a German singer who was active from 1963 to 2002.\nIn 1965, she represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest, with \\\"Paradies, wo bist du?\\\" (Paradise, where are you?). The song scored zero points along with three other countries out the total of eighteen countries that entered the contest. Past the Eurovision Song Contest, of which her zero-point result hurt her solo career before it had even fully began, she was mainly active with the Botho-Lucas-Chorus, where she stayed as chorister for 30 years, notable for their musical accompaniment on the German TV show Musik ist Trumpf.There are also several songs in the Brilliant-Musik archives, founded by Werner Tautz, who wrote several songs for Wiesner, together with Heinz Kiessling and Hans Gerig. Wiesner released an album called Twilight Mood in 1970 with Addy Flor and his Orchestra. As one of Germany's busiest studio singers, she was assigned as backing vocalist for many popular artists, including Triumvirat's album Illusions on a Double Dimple in 1974. Since then, notable singles of hers include \\\"Abends kommen die Sterne\\\" (\\\"In the evening the stars appear\\\"), \\\"Wenn dieser Tag zu Ende geht\\\" (\\\"When this day comes to an end\\\") and \\\"Charade\\\".", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Ulla Wiesner is identified as a woman based on the information provided in the description. The description uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to Ulla Wiesner, which aligns with the Western conception of womanness and femaleness as stated in the definition. Furthermore, Ulla Wiesner is an adult, which fits the definition's specification that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Ulla Wiesner is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q105373", "name": "Paula Braend", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Braend", "description": "Paula Braend (1905\u20131989) was a German actress.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Paula Braend is identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman, and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Paula Braend, being described as a German actress, is an adult and is referred to using female pronouns, suggesting that she identifies as a woman. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Paula Braend can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85932", "name": "Olga Hahn-Neurath", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_Hahn-Neurath", "description": "Olga Hahn-Neurath (German: [ha\u02d0n \u02c8n\u0254\u028f\u0280a\u02d0t]; 20 July 1882 \u2013 20 July 1937) was an Austrian mathematician and philosopher. She is best known for being a member of the Vienna Circle. She was sister of the mathematician Hans Hahn.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "The description of Olga Hahn-Neurath identifies her with female pronouns, indicating that she self-identifies as a woman. This aligns with the definition of a woman as an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and the information in the description, it can be argued that Olga Hahn-Neurath is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q116785503", "name": "Brianna Ghey", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianna_Ghey", "description": "On 11 February 2023, Brianna Ghey ( JY), a 16-year-old British transgender girl from Birchwood in Warrington, Cheshire, England, was killed in Culcheth Linear Park in Culcheth, Warrington. Two accused teenagers, both aged 15, are in police custody, having been charged with murder four days after the incident. A motive has not been established and police are investigating \\\"all lines of inquiry\\\", including investigating the killing as a possible hate crime.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Brianna Ghey is identified as a transgender girl in the description. This indicates that she self-identifies as a woman, aligning with the definition of a woman as someone who understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Although she is not an adult, her self-identification as a woman is a crucial aspect of her identity. Therefore, based on her self-identification, one could argue that Brianna Ghey is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q87963", "name": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else_Frenkel-Brunswik", "description": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik (August 18, 1908, in Lemberg \u2013 March 31, 1958, in Berkeley, California, US) was a Polish-born Austrian Jewish psychologist. She was forced to leave Poland and later Austria as a result of anti-Jewish persecution. She is best known for her contributions to The Authoritarian Personality (1950), her collaboration with Theodor W. Adorno, Daniel Levinson, and Nevitt Sanford. It is considered a milestone work in personality theory and social psychology.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Else Frenkel-Brunswik is identified as a woman based on the information provided in the description. The description uses female pronouns (\"she\", \"her\") to refer to Else Frenkel-Brunswik, which aligns with the Western conception of womanness and femaleness as stated in the definition. Furthermore, there is no indication that Else Frenkel-Brunswik did not identify with the term 'female'. Therefore, based on the definition and the information provided, it can be argued that Else Frenkel-Brunswik is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7337", "name": "Edith Frank", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Frank", "description": "Edith Frank (n\u00e9e Holl\u00e4nder; 16 January 1900 \u2013 6 January 1945) was the mother of Holocaust diarist Anne Frank, and her older sister Margot. After the family were discovered in hiding in Amsterdam during the Nazi occupation, she was transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Edith Frank can be considered a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Edith Frank, being an adult and identified as a female, fits this definition. Furthermore, the definition acknowledges that not all women identify with the term 'female' depending on the context, but in this case, Edith Frank is referred to as 'she', indicating that she identifies with the female gender. Therefore, based on the provided definition, Edith Frank can be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12012", "name": "Nigar Jamal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigar_Jamal", "description": "Nigar Aydin qizi Jamal (n\u00e9e Mutallibzadeh; Azerbaijani: Nigar Ayd\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 Camal (M\u00fct\u0259llibzad\u0259), IPA: [ni\u02c8\u025f\u0251\u027e \u0251j\u02c8d\u026fn \u0261\u026f\u02c8z\u026f d\u0292\u0251\u02c8m\u0251l (myt\u00e6\u02c8libz\u0251d\u00e6)]; born 7 September 1980), sometimes known as Nikki Jamal, is an Azerbaijani singer. Born and raised in Baku, she has resided in London since 2005. She won the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 with Eldar Gasimov with the song \\\"Running Scared\\\". She and Gasimov have since performed as a duo on various occasions under the name Ell & Nikki.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Nigar Jamal can be identified as a woman based on the provided definition. The definition states that a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Nigar Jamal is an adult, as indicated by her birth date of 7 September 1980. Furthermore, she is referred to with female pronouns (\"she\") and a traditionally female name (\"Nigar\"), suggesting that she identifies as a woman. Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be argued that Nigar Jamal is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57494", "name": "Rosemarie Ackermann", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemarie_Ackermann", "description": "Rosemarie \\\"Rosi\\\" Ackermann (n\u00e9e Witschas; born 4 April 1952) is a German former high jumper, Olympic champion and multiple world record holder. On 26 August 1977 in Berlin, she became the first female high jumper to clear a height of 2 metres.", "actual": "positive", "rationale": "Rosemarie Ackermann is identified as a female in the description provided. She is also referred to with female pronouns and has a traditionally female first name. Furthermore, she is an adult, as indicated by her birth date and her accomplishments. Therefore, based on the definition provided, Rosemarie Ackermann can be considered a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q62632", "name": "Ferdinand von Bredow", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Bredow", "description": "Ferdinand von Bredow (16 May 1884 \u2013 30 June 1934) was a German Generalmajor and head of the Abwehr (the military intelligence service) in the Reich Defence Ministry and deputy defence minister in Kurt von Schleicher's short-lived cabinet. He was killed during the Night of the Long Knives, for alleged involvement in a plot to overthrow Hitler.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to assert that Ferdinand von Bredow is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Ferdinand von Bredow was a German Generalmajor, head of the military intelligence service, and deputy defence minister, all typically male-identified roles. There is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given information, it cannot be argued that Ferdinand von Bredow is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60922", "name": "Jan Frodeno", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Frodeno", "description": "Jan Frodeno (German pronunciation: [jan f\u0281o\u02c8de\u02d0no] ; born 18 August 1981) is a former German triathlete who is the gold medal winner in men's triathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, 3-time winner of the Ironman World Championship in 2015, 2016, and 2019, and 2-time winner of the Ironman 70.3 World Championship in 2015 and 2018. He had set the world record for the long distance in Roth, Germany in 2016 with 7:35:39 hours. In 2021, he broke his own world record during the Tributtle in Allg\u00e4u, Germany against Lionel Sanders, with a time of 07:27:53, setting a new world best for the long-distance triathlon.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale provided in the given definition and description that supports the assertion that Jan Frodeno is a woman. The definition of a woman is based on self-identification and understanding of gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Jan Frodeno does not provide any information about his self-identification or understanding of his gender. Furthermore, he is referred to with male pronouns and has competed in men's sports events, suggesting that he identifies as a man. Therefore, based on the given information, there is no argument to support the assertion that Jan Frodeno is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15742", "name": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veli-Matti_Lindstr%C3%B6m", "description": "Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m (born 15 November 1983) is a Finnish former ski jumper. His career best achievement was a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City in the team large hill event. He also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2004 Ski Flying World Championships in Planica, as well as two championships at the Ski Flying World Cup in Planica in the team event in 2002 and 2003.\nOn 21 March 2003 in Planica, Lindstr\u00f6m became the first ski jumper in history to surpass the 230 metre mark, with a jump of 232.5 m. However, his jump was rendered an invalid world record due to him touching the snow with his hand.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m is a woman. The description refers to him using male pronouns and there is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the given definition, Veli-Matti Lindstr\u00f6m cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1323", "name": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa", "description": "Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda Gonz\u00e1lez (Latin American Spanish: [do\u02c8mi\u014bgo \u02c8santa ma\u02c8\u027ei.a]; August 4, 1825 \u2013 July 18, 1889) was a Chilean political figure. He served as the president of Chile between 1881 and 1886.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence to support the assertion that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman. The description clearly states that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda Gonz\u00e1lez was a Chilean political figure and served as the president of Chile. There is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given information, it cannot be argued that Domingo Santa Mar\u00eda is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40513", "name": "Gustav Killian", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Killian", "description": "Gustav Killian (2 June 1860 \u2013 24 February 1921) was a German laryngologist and founder of the bronchoscopy.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Gustav Killian is a woman. The description identifies Gustav Killian as a German laryngologist and founder of bronchoscopy, but does not provide any information about his gender identity. Therefore, we cannot assert that Gustav Killian is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44194", "name": "Sepp Maier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepp_Maier", "description": "Josef Dieter \\\"Sepp\\\" Maier (German pronunciation: [\u02c8jo\u02d0z\u025bf \u02c8di\u02d0t\u0250 \u02c8z\u025bp \u02c8ma\u026a\u032f\u0250]; born 28 February 1944) is a German former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Bayern Munich and the Germany national football team. Regarded as one of football's greatest goalkeepers, he was nicknamed \\\"Die Katze von Anzing\\\" (\\\"the cat from Anzing\\\") for his fast reflexes, agility, flexibility, speed, and consistency; in addition to his shot-stopping ability, Maier was also known for his ability to dominate his box, as well as his sense of humour and personality throughout his career, which made him a fan favourite. Regarding his playing style, he once quipped \\\"a keeper should give off a sense of calm, and not fall asleep while doing so.\\\"", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Sepp Maier is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male and uses male pronouns. There is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the given definition, Sepp Maier cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64241", "name": "Max Knoll", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Knoll", "description": "Max Knoll (17 July 1897 \u2013 6 November 1969) was a German electrical engineer.\nKnoll was born in Wiesbaden and studied in Munich and at the Technical University of Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate in the Institute for High Voltage Technology. In 1927 he became the leader of the electron research group there, where he and his co-worker, Ernst Ruska, invented the electron microscope in 1931. In April 1932, Knoll joined Telefunken in Berlin to do developmental work in the field of television design. He was also a private lecturer in Berlin.\nAfter World War II, Knoll joined the University of Munich as extraordinary professor and director of the Institute for Electromedicine. He moved to the USA in 1948, to work at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University.\nIn 1956 he returned to Munich and engaged in a series of experiments at the Technische Hochschule, involving the generation of phosphenes by electrically stimulating the brains of himself and other subjects. He retired in 1966.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Max Knoll that would suggest he identifies as a woman or aligns with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Max Knoll is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48115", "name": "Fulk IV, Count of Anjou", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulk_IV,_Count_of_Anjou", "description": "Fulk IV (French: Foulques IV d'Anjou; 1043 \u2013 14 April 1109), better known as Fulk le R\u00e9chin (Latin: Fulco Rechin), was the count of Anjou from around 1068 until his death. He was noted to be \\\"a man with many reprehensible, even scandalous, habits\\\" by Orderic Vitalis, who particularly objected to his many women and his influential footwear, claiming he popularized the pigaches that eventually became the poulaine, the medieval long-toed shoe.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument based on the provided definition and information that Fulk IV, Count of Anjou is a woman. The description clearly identifies Fulk IV as a man, and there is no indication that he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Fulk IV, Count of Anjou cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58290", "name": "Marty Natalegawa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Natalegawa", "description": "Raden Mohammad Marty Muliana Natalegawa, more commonly known as Marty Natalegawa (born 22 March 1963 in Bandung, West Java), is an Indonesian diplomat and was the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet. He served as Indonesia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 5 September 2007 until his latest appointment and has also served as the Indonesian Ambassador to the United Kingdom and as a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Marty Natalegawa that would allow us to assert that he identifies as a woman, according to the definition provided. Therefore, it is not possible to provide a rationale for this assertion.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11881", "name": "John Tyler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyler", "description": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 \u2013 January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time.\nTyler was born into a prominent slaveholding Virginia family. He became a national figure at a time of political upheaval. In the 1820s, the Democratic-Republican Party, at the time the nation's only political party, split into several factions. Initially a Democrat, Tyler opposed President Andrew Jackson during the nullification crisis as he saw Jackson's actions as infringing on states' rights and criticized Jackson's expansion of executive power during the Bank War. This led Tyler to ally with the Whig Party. He served as a Virginia state legislator and governor, U.S. representative, and U.S. senator. Tyler was a regional Whig vice-presidential nominee in the 1836 presidential election; they lost. He was the sole nominee on the 1840 Whig presidential ticket as William Henry Harrison's running mate. Under the campaign slogan \\\"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too\\\", the Harrison\u2013Tyler ticket defeated incumbent president Martin Van Buren.\nPresident Harrison died just one month after taking office, and Tyler became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency. Amid uncertainty as to whether a vice president succeeded a deceased president, or merely took on his duties, Tyler immediately took the presidential oath of office, setting a lasting precedent. He signed into law some of the Whig-controlled Congress's bills, but he was a strict constructionist and vetoed the party's bills to create a national bank and raise tariff rates. He believed that the president, rather than Congress, should set policy, and he sought to bypass the Whig establishment led by Senator Henry Clay. Most of Tyler's cabinet resigned shortly into his term and the Whigs expelled him from the party, dubbing him \\\"His Accidency\\\". Tyler was the first president to have his veto of legislation overridden by Congress. He faced a stalemate on domestic policy, although he had several foreign-policy achievements, including the Webster - Ashburton Treaty with Britain and the Treaty of Wanghia with China. Tyler firmly believed in manifest destiny and saw the annexation of Texas as economically advantageous to the United States, signing a bill to offer Texas statehood just before leaving office and returning to his plantation.\nWhen the American Civil War began in 1861, Tyler at first supported the Peace Conference. When it failed, he sided with the Confederacy. He presided over the opening of the Virginia Secession Convention and served as a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States. Tyler subsequently won election to the Confederate House of Representatives but died before it assembled. Some scholars have praised Tyler's political resolve, but historians have generally given his presidency a low ranking. Tyler did make progress in combining the American and British navies to stop oceanic African slave trafficking under the Webster\u2013Ashburton Treaty. That treaty also peacefully settled the border between Maine and Canada. Today, Tyler is seldom remembered in comparison to other presidents and maintains only a limited presence in American cultural memory.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale or argument that can be made from the provided definition and information that asserts John Tyler is a woman. The definition of a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The information provided about John Tyler does not indicate that he identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of womanness, femaleness, or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, John Tyler cannot be asserted as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64543", "name": "Wang Huning", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Huning", "description": "Wang Huning (Chinese: \u738b\u6caa\u5b81; pinyin: W\u00e1ng H\u00f9n\u00edng; born 6 October 1955) is a Chinese political theorist and one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), who is currently the chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). He has been a leading ideologist in the country since the 1990s. He has been a member of the CCP's Politburo Standing Committee, China's top decision-making body since 2017, and is its fourth-ranking member since 2022.\nA former academic, Wang was a professor of international politics and dean of the law school at Fudan University. During this time, he gained attention due to his belief in \\\"neoconservatism\\\", which held that a strong leadership was needed for China's stability and political reforms. He started to work for the CCP leadership in 1995 as a director of a research team at the CCP's Central Policy Research Office (CPRO). He became the CPRO's deputy director in 1998, and was promoted to the party's Central Committee and director of the office in 2002, remaining the latter until 2020, the longest tenure in the office. He assisted CCP general secretary Jiang Zemin, and was believed to be instrumental in developing Jiang's signature political theory, the Three Represents. He later became a close confidant of CCP general secretary Hu Jintao, believed to be key to developing his primary theory, Scientific Outlook on Development, and became a secretary of the CCP secretariat in 2007.\nWang became a member of the CCP Politburo in 2012, and is believed to have developed close relations with CCP general secretary Xi Jinping, becoming one of his closer advisors. In 2017, he was promoted to the 5th-ranked member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the first-ranking secretary of the CCP Secretariat. He has also chaired leading commissions on ideology and reforms and is believed to have been instrumental in developing key concepts under Xi, including Xi Jinping Thought, Chinese-style modernization, the Chinese Dream and the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2022, he was succeeded by Cai Qi as the first secretary, and became the 4th-ranking member of the PSC. He became the CPPCC chairman in March 2023, succeeding Wang Yang.\nWidely regarded as the \\\"Grey Eminence\\\" of the CCP, Wang is believed to be the chief ideologue of the Communist Party and principal architect behind the official political ideologies of three CCP general secretaries since the 1990s. He has held significant influence over policy and decision-making of all three paramount leaders, an exceptionally rare feat in Chinese politics. Wang believes that a strong, centralized state is needed in China to resist foreign influence, an idea that has been influential under Xi Jinping.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to support the assertion that Wang Huning is a woman. The description of Wang Huning uses male pronouns and does not mention any self-identification as a woman or alignment with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition and information, Wang Huning cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48884", "name": "Gholam-Hossein Banan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gholam-Hossein_Banan", "description": "Ghol\u0101m-Hossein Ban\u0101n (Persian: \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646; 5 May 1911 \u2013 27 February 1986) was an Iranian musician and singer. One of the most prominent Iranian singers of the 20th century, he was renowned for the quality of his voice.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Gholam-Hossein Banan that would suggest he identifies as a woman or aligns with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Gholam-Hossein Banan is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q52674", "name": "Ray Ewry", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Ewry", "description": "Raymond Clarence Ewry (October 14, 1873 \u2013 September 29, 1937) was an American track and field athlete who won eight gold medals at the Olympic Games and two gold medals at the Intercalated Games (1906 in Athens). This puts him among the most successful Olympians of all time.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Ray Ewry is a woman. The description of Ray Ewry identifies him as a male athlete, and there is no indication that he self-identifies as a woman or aligns with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, or femininity. Therefore, according to the given definition, Ray Ewry cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27523", "name": "Mehdi Mostefa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehdi_Mostefa", "description": "Mehdi Mostefa Sba'a (Arabic: \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639; born 30 August 1983) is a professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for B\u00e9ziers. Born in France, he played for Algeria national team at international level.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Mehdi Mostefa that aligns with the definition of a woman. He is identified as a male professional footballer. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Mehdi Mostefa is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45390", "name": "Anton Adner", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Adner", "description": "Anton Adner (1705? \u2013 15 March 1822), also known as the Bavarian Methusalem, was a Bavarian artisan of wood, who reportedly is of the oldest people to have lived in that region of Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that Anton Adner is a woman. The description of Anton Adner does not mention any self-identification as a woman or any association with femaleness or femininity. Therefore, using only the information given, it cannot be asserted that Anton Adner is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23301", "name": "Roberto Benigni", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Benigni", "description": "Roberto Remigio Benigni (Italian pronunciation: [ro\u02c8b\u025brto be\u02c8ni\u0272\u0272i]; born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director. He gained international recognition for writing, directing and starring in the Holocaust comedy-drama film Life Is Beautiful (1997), for which he received the Academy Awards for Best Actor and Best International Feature Film. Benigni was the first actor to win the Best Actor Academy Award for a non\u2013English language performance.\nBenigni made his acting debut in 1977's Berlinguer, I Love You, which he also wrote, and which was directed by Giuseppe Bertolucci. Benigni's directorial debut was the 1983 anthology film Tu mi turbi, which was also the acting debut of his wife, Nicoletta Braschi. He continued directing and also starring in the comedic films Nothing Left to Do But Cry (1984), The Little Devil (1988), Johnny Stecchino (1991), The Monster (1994), Pinocchio (2002), and The Tiger and the Snow (2005).\nBenigni acted in the Jim Jarmusch films Down by Law, Night on Earth (1991) and Coffee and Cigarettes (2003). He also acted in Blake Edwards' Son of the Pink Panther (1993), Woody Allen's To Rome with Love (2012), and Matteo Garrone's Pinocchio (2019).", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no rationale to assert that Roberto Benigni is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male actor, comedian, screenwriter, and director. There is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Roberto Benigni cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39202", "name": "Ian Dunbar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Dunbar", "description": "Ian Dunbar (born April 15, 1947) is a veterinarian, animal behaviorist, and dog trainer. He received his veterinary degree and a Special Honours degree in Physiology & Biochemistry from the Royal Veterinary College (London University), and a doctorate in animal behavior from the Psychology Department at UC Berkeley, where he researched the development of social hierarchies and aggression in domestic dogs.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Ian Dunbar is a woman. The description of Ian Dunbar does not mention any self-identification as a woman or any association with femaleness or femininity. Therefore, according to the given definition, Ian Dunbar cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11762", "name": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin", "description": "J\u00fcrgen Trittin (born 25 July 1954) is a German Green politician. He was Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the government of Chancellor Gerhard Schr\u00f6der from 1998 to 2005 in Germany.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no argument to assert that J\u00fcrgen Trittin is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male and there is no indication that he self-identifies as a woman or aligns his gender with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41628", "name": "John II Komnenos", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II_Komnenos", "description": "John II Komnenos or Comnenus (Greek: \u1f39\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, romanized: I\u014dann\u0113s ho Komn\u0113nos; 13 September 1087 \u2013 8 April 1143) was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. Also known as \\\"John the Beautiful\\\" or \\\"John the Good\\\" (Greek: \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ca\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, romanized: Kalo\u00ef\u014dann\u0113s), he was the eldest son of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina and the second emperor to rule during the Komnenian restoration of the Byzantine Empire. As he was born to a reigning emperor, he had the status of a porphyrogennetos. John was a pious and dedicated monarch who was determined to undo the damage his empire had suffered following the Battle of Manzikert, half a century earlier.\nJohn has been assessed as the greatest of the Komnenian emperors. This view became entrenched due to its espousal by George Ostrogorsky in his influential book, History of the Byzantine State, where John is described as a ruler who, \\\"... combined clever prudence with purposeful energy ... and [was] high principled beyond his day.\\\" In the course of the quarter-century of his reign, John made alliances with the Holy Roman Empire in the west, decisively defeated the Pechenegs, Hungarians and Serbs in the Balkans, and personally led numerous campaigns against the Turks in Asia Minor. John's campaigns fundamentally changed the balance of power in the east, forcing the Turks onto the defensive; they also led to the recapture of many towns, fortresses and cities across the Anatolian peninsula. In the southeast, John extended Byzantine control from the Maeander in the west all the way to Cilicia and Tarsus in the east. In an effort to demonstrate the Byzantine ideal of the emperor's role as the leader of the Christian world, John marched into Muslim Syria at the head of the combined forces of Byzantium and the Crusader states; yet despite the great vigour with which he pressed the campaign, John's hopes were disappointed by the evasiveness of his Crusader allies and their reluctance to fight alongside his forces.\nUnder John, the empire's population recovered to about 10 million people. The quarter-century of John II's reign is less well recorded by contemporary or near-contemporary writers than the reigns of either his father, Alexios I, or his son, Manuel I. In particular little is known of the history of John's domestic rule or policies.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that John II Komnenos is a woman. The description clearly identifies John II Komnenos as a male, specifically a Byzantine emperor, and there is no indication that he self-identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition, John II Komnenos cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1500", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Rizal", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal", "description": "Jos\u00e9 Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (Spanish: [xo\u02c8se ri\u02c8sal, -\u02c8\u03b8al], Tagalog: [ho\u02c8se \u027ei\u02c8sal]; June 19, 1861 \u2013 December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered a national hero (pambansang bayani) of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.\nHe was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; it was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually resulted in Philippine independence.\nRizal is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He wrote the novels Noli Me T\u00e1ngere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), which together are taken as a national epic, in addition to numerous poems and essays.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Jos\u00e9 Rizal is a woman. The description of Jos\u00e9 Rizal does not indicate that he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Instead, he is consistently referred to with male pronouns and is described as a man in his professional and personal life. Therefore, using the given definition and information, there is no basis for asserting that Jos\u00e9 Rizal is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11359", "name": "Aryabhata", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhata", "description": "Aryabhata ( ISO: \u0100ryabha\u1e6da) or Aryabhata I (476\u2013550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the \u0100ryabha\u1e6d\u012bya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga, 499 CE, he was 23 years old) and the Arya-siddhanta.\nFor his explicit mention of the relativity of motion, he also qualifies as a major early physicist.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Aryabhata is a woman. The description only refers to Aryabhata with male pronouns and does not mention any self-identification as a woman or alignment with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, or femininity. Therefore, it would be incorrect to assert that Aryabhata is a woman based on the given information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45281", "name": "Anandyn Amar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anandyn_Amar", "description": "Anandyn Amar (Mongolian: \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\u043d \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0440; 1886 \u2013 July 10, 1941) was the head of state of the Mongolian People\u2019s Republic from 1932 to 1936 and twice served as prime minister from 1928\u20131930 and again from 1936\u20131939. A widely respected politician, Amar was known for his eloquent defense of Mongolian independence in the face of increasing Soviet domination. Despite this, he proved powerless in preventing Minister of Interior Khorloogiin Choibalsan and the Soviet NKVD from carrying out mass purges of nearly 30,000 Mongolians during his second term as prime minister between 1937 and 1939. Amar's popularity ultimately led to his purge by the pro-Soviet Choibalsan who had him charged with counterrevolution in 1939. Amar was sent to Moscow for trial and executed on July 10, 1941.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Anandyn Amar that suggests he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, it cannot be argued that Anandyn Amar is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31575", "name": "Marcelo Bielsa", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_Bielsa", "description": "Marcelo Alberto Bielsa Caldera ([ma\u027e\u02c8\u03b8elo al\u02c8\u03b2e\u027eto \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], nicknamed El Loco Bielsa [\u02c8loko \u02c8\u03b2jelsa], meaning 'The Madman Bielsa'; born 21 July 1955) is an Argentine professional football manager who is the current manager of the Uruguay national team. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential coaches of all time. Bielsa is a former player having played as a defender for Newell's Old Boys, Instituto and Argentino de Rosario. \nBielsa played as a defender in Newell's Old Boys' First Division team, but retired when he was 25 to focus on coaching. Bielsa has managed several football clubs and also the national teams of Argentina and Chile. He developed his career as coach of Newell's Old Boys where he won several titles in the early 1990s, before moving to Mexico in 1992, briefly coaching Club Atlas and Club Am\u00e9rica. Bielsa returned to Argentina in 1997 to manage V\u00e9lez Sarsfield, leading them to the 1998 league title (Clausura).With Chile, he achieved cult status due to the improved results of the national team under his leadership. His personality and gestures during his stint in Chile captured the attention of media and unleashed a series of minor controversies both in sports and politics. He had a two year-spell in Spain at Athletic Bilbao between 2011 and 2013, leading them to domestic and continental cup finals in the first season, though they lost both. In May 2014, Bielsa was appointed as coach of Marseille, starting with good results but finishing outside the expected first three places in Ligue 1, resigning after just over a year at the French club. He remains highly regarded by OM fans for his offensive playing style and personality.In June 2018, Bielsa was appointed manager of then-Championship club Leeds United, leading the club to promotion back to the Premier League in 2020 after a 16-year absence as a result of winning the 2019\u201320 EFL Championship. Leeds United is the club at which he spent the most time as manager in his career; taking charge of 170 games before departing in February 2022. He is considered a cult figure among Leeds fans.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Marcelo Bielsa is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male and uses male pronouns. He is also referred to as a professional football manager and former player, with no reference to his gender identity being anything other than male. Therefore, it would be incorrect to assert that Marcelo Bielsa is a woman based on the given information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57227", "name": "Wolfgang Paul", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul", "description": "Wolfgang Paul (German pronunciation: [\u02c8v\u0254lf\u0261a\u014b \u02c8pa\u028a\u032fl] ; 10 August 1913 \u2013 7 December 1993) was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. He shared one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work with Hans Georg Dehmelt; the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Wolfgang Paul is a woman. The description of Wolfgang Paul identifies him as a German physicist and uses male pronouns, suggesting that he identifies as a man. The definition of a woman provided does not apply to him based on the given information.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45375", "name": "Alex Harvey (musician)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Harvey_(musician)", "description": "Alexander James Harvey (5 February 1935 \u2013 4 February 1982) was a Scottish rock and blues musician. Although his career spanned almost three decades, he is best remembered as the frontman of the Sensational Alex Harvey Band, with whom he built a reputation as an exciting live performer during the era of glam rock in the 1970s.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Alex Harvey (musician) is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male musician. The definition of a woman does not apply to him as he is identified as a male and there is no information suggesting that he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6375673", "name": "Aries Moross", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aries_Moross", "description": "Aries Moross is an English graphic designer, artist, illustrator and art director based in London. They mostly focus on lettering and typography in their works of art.\nAries Moross has been profiled in Dazed & Confused, Vice magazine and Creative Review, who selected them for a Creative Future award in 2007.Moross ran with the Torch in Lewisham for the London Olympics 2012.\nAries is non-binary and uses they/them pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, it cannot be asserted that Aries Moross is a woman. The definition of a woman is an adult who self-identifies as a woman and understands their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. However, the description of Aries Moross states that they identify as non-binary and use they/them pronouns. Therefore, based on the information provided, Aries Moross does not fit the definition of a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43847", "name": "Hans Steyrer", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Steyrer", "description": "Hans Steyrer (1849 in Allach \u2013 25 August 1906 in Munich) was a German butcher and innkeeper who became a strongman known as the \\\"Bavarian Hercules.\\\"\nPerforming around Europe, Steyrer would dead lift a 200-kg stone from the floor with his middle finger.As an innkeeper, Steyrer was involved in the development and expansion of the Munich Oktoberfest in the late nineteenth century. He is credited with initiating the tradition of the \\\"entry of the innkeepers\\\" on the first day of Oktoberfest. In 1887, Steyrer's private procession of eight carriages caring his family, workers, and beer was broken up by the police and he was fined 100 marks. Undeterred, Steyrer organized a similar procession the next year. Other innkeepers eventually joined in and their parade is now a feature of the first day of Oktoberfest in Munich.Steyrer died in Munich on 25 August 1906 and is buried in the Ostfriedhof.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Hans Steyrer is a woman. The description of Hans Steyrer identifies him as a male, and there is no indication that he self-identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the given definition, Hans Steyrer cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17388685", "name": "Michelle Rojas", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Rojas", "description": "Michelle Rojas (n\u00e9e Pennington; born December 16, 1987) is an American voice actress from Dallas, Texas. Affiliated with Funimation and Bang Zoom! Entertainment, some of her major roles are Tohka Yatogami in Date A Live, Zuikaku in Azur Lane, Kanade Sakurada in Castle Town Dandelion, Mikoto Sakuragawa in Gonna be the Twin-Tail!!, K\u014d Yagami in New Game!, Nashiro Yasuhisa in Tokyo Ghoul, Maya Sato in Classroom of the Elite, Toka Yada in Assassination Classroom, Shion in That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime, Roxy Migurdia in Mushoku Tensei: Jobless Reincarnation, and Yamato in One Piece.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The description of Michelle Rojas does not explicitly state her gender identity. However, it does use female pronouns (\"her\") to refer to her, which typically aligns with a self-identification as a woman. Furthermore, she has taken on roles that are typically associated with women, such as female characters in various shows. Therefore, based on the information provided and the definition of a woman, it can be argued that Michelle Rojas is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27876", "name": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_P%C3%A9rez_(footballer)", "description": "V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez Alonso (born 12 January 1988) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Andorran club Atl\u00e8tic Club d'Escaldes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to assert that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer) is a woman. The description clearly states that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez is a Spanish footballer, with no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, using only the information provided, it cannot be asserted that V\u00edctor P\u00e9rez (footballer) is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q61088", "name": "Klaus Teuber", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus_Teuber", "description": "Klaus Teuber (25 June 1952 \u2013 1 April 2023) was a German board game designer best known as the creator of Catan. Originally working as a dental technician, he began designing games first as a hobby then as a full-time career.\nFour of his games won the prestigious Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year) award: Barbarossa (1988), Adel Verpflichtet (1990), Drunter und Dr\u00fcber (1991) and The Settlers of Catan (1995). The last of these sold over 40 million copies, was translated into 40 languages and spawned a family of expansions and versions. Teuber founded the games company Catan GmbH in 2002 and his sons now direct the family business.\nTeuber was inducted into the Origin Awards Hall of Fame by the AAGAD (Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design) in 2004. In 2010, he received a special As d'Or in recognition of his lifetime achievement at the Festival International des Jeux in France.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Klaus Teuber is a woman. The description of Klaus Teuber identifies him as a male and there is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition and information, Klaus Teuber cannot be asserted as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58284", "name": "Guido Westerwelle", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle", "description": "Guido Westerwelle (German: [\u02c8\u0261i\u02d0do \u02c8v\u025bst\u0250\u02ccv\u025bl\u0259]; 27 December 1961 \u2013 18 March 2016) was a German politician who served as foreign minister in the second cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel and Vice-Chancellor of Germany from 2009 to 2011, being the first openly gay person to hold any of these positions. He also led the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP) from 2001 until he stepped down in 2011. A lawyer by profession, he was a member of the Bundestag from 1996 to 2013.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Guido Westerwelle that would suggest he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, it is not possible to provide an argument for the assertion that Guido Westerwelle is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39607", "name": "Antoine Lavoisier", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier", "description": "Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( l\u0259-VWAH-zee-ay; French: [\u0251\u0303twan l\u0254\u0281\u0251\u0303 d\u0259 lavwazje]; 26 August 1743 \u2013 8 May 1794), also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.It is generally accepted that Lavoisier's great accomplishments in chemistry stem largely from his changing the science from a qualitative to a quantitative one. Lavoisier is most noted for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion. He recognized and named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783), and opposed phlogiston theory. Lavoisier helped construct the metric system, wrote the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He predicted the existence of silicon (1787) and discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same. His wife and laboratory assistant, Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier, became a renowned chemist in her own right.\nLavoisier was a powerful member of a number of aristocratic councils, and an administrator of the Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. The Ferme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale was one of the most hated components of the Ancien R\u00e9gime because of the profits it took at the expense of the state, the secrecy of the terms of its contracts, and the violence of its armed agents. All of these political and economic activities enabled him to fund his scientific research. At the height of the French Revolution, he was charged with tax fraud and selling adulterated tobacco, and was guillotined.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument based on the provided definition and information that Antoine Lavoisier is a woman. The description clearly identifies Lavoisier as a male, using pronouns such as \"he\" and \"his\". Furthermore, there is no indication that Lavoisier self-identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, it cannot be asserted that Antoine Lavoisier is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11877", "name": "Ivory Joe Hunter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Joe_Hunter", "description": "Ivory Joe Hunter (October 10, 1914 \u2013 November 8, 1974) was an American rhythm-and-blues singer, songwriter, and pianist. After a series of hits on the US R&B chart starting in the mid-1940s, he became more widely known for his hit recording \\\"Since I Met You Baby\\\" (1956). He was billed as The Baron of the Boogie, and also known as The Happiest Man Alive. His musical output ranged from R&B to blues, boogie-woogie, and country music, and Hunter made a name in all of those genres. Uniquely, he was honored at both the Monterey Jazz Festival and the Grand Ole Opry.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no rationale to argue that Ivory Joe Hunter is a woman based on the provided definition and information. The description clearly states that Ivory Joe Hunter was a male singer, songwriter, and pianist. There is no information suggesting that he self-identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition, Ivory Joe Hunter cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54218", "name": "The Boogeyman (wrestler)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boogeyman_(wrestler)", "description": "Martin Wright (born July 15, 1964), better known by the ring name The Boogeyman, is an American semi-retired professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE under a legends contract, and is an aerobics instructor.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no valid argument to assert that The Boogeyman (wrestler) is a woman. The description clearly identifies The Boogeyman, or Martin Wright, as a male. There is no information given that suggests he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition, The Boogeyman cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q60603", "name": "Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiago_Xavier_(footballer,_born_1983)", "description": "Thiago Xavier Rodrigues Corr\u00eaa (born 27 December 1983) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder.\nHe formerly played for Botafogo and Cabofriense. In January 2007, he left for Ligue 2 side Ch\u00e2teauroux.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983) that would suggest he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Thiago Xavier (footballer, born 1983) is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44344", "name": "Hilary of Poitiers", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers", "description": "Hilary of Poitiers (Latin: Hilarius Pictaviensis; c.\u2009310 \u2013 c.\u2009367) was Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church. He was sometimes referred to as the \\\"Hammer of the Arians\\\" (Malleus Arianorum) and the \\\"Athanasius of the West\\\". His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. In addition to his important work as bishop, Hilary was married and the father of Abra of Poitiers, a nun and saint who became known for her charity.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no valid argument based on the provided definition and information that Hilary of Poitiers is a woman. The description clearly states that Hilary was a bishop and a father, which are typically male roles. There is no mention of Hilary self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the provided information, Hilary of Poitiers cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46308", "name": "\u00c0lex Corretja", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lex_Corretja", "description": "\u00c0lex Corretja Verdegay (Catalan pronunciation: [\u02c8al\u0259ks ku\u02c8r\u025bd\u0292\u0259j \u03b2\u0259\u027e\u00f0\u0259\u02c8\u0263aj]; born 11 April 1974) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. During his career, he was twice a major runner-up at the French Open (in 1998 and 2001), won the Tour Finals in 1998, reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1999, and captured Masters titles at the 1997 Italian Open and 2000 Indian Wells Masters. Corretja also played a key role in helping Spain win its first Davis Cup title in 2000.Post-retirement, Corretja became a temporary coach of Andy Murray in April 2008 for the duration of the clay-court season, resuming the role on a permanent basis between 2009 and 2011. From 2012 to 2013, Corretja coached the Spanish Davis Cup team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of \u00c0lex Corretja that would support the assertion that he identifies as a woman, or aligns with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, it is not possible to argue that \u00c0lex Corretja is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34624", "name": "Giovanni Gabrieli", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Gabrieli", "description": "Giovanni Gabrieli (c.\u20091554/1557 \u2013 12 August 1612) was an Italian composer and organist. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, and represents the culmination of the style of the Venetian School, at the time of the shift from Renaissance to Baroque idioms.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Giovanni Gabrieli is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male Italian composer and organist. The definition of a woman does not align with the information given about Giovanni Gabrieli.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44638", "name": "Montel Vontavious Porter", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montel_Vontavious_Porter", "description": "Hassan Hamin Assad (born Alvin Antonio Burke Jr.; October 28, 1973) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs under the ring name MVP (standing for Montel Vontavious Porter) and is also the manager of Omos.\nHe is also known for his tenures in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). Between the three promotions, he is a two-time WWE United States Champion, one-time WWE Tag Team Champion (with Matt Hardy), and was the inaugural IWGP Intercontinental Champion. He was trained by Soulman Alex G and Norman Smiley. Following the completion of his training, he began wrestling for numerous independent promotions, including a stint in TNA. During his time in these promotions, he won various championships in singles competition. He signed with WWE in 2005 and was assigned to Deep South Wrestling (DSW), one of the company's developmental territories. After being promoted to the SmackDown brand, he made his WWE wrestling debut in October 2006. Following his departure from WWE in 2010, he joined New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) in February 2011. He spent the next two years with the promotion, then left NJPW in 2013. Since then, he has returned to the independent circuit and made appearances in Impact Wrestling and Ring of Honor (ROH). He returned to WWE in January 2020.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Montel Vontavious Porter identifies as a woman. The description refers to him using male pronouns and does not mention any self-identification as a woman or alignment with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, or femininity. Therefore, it cannot be asserted that Montel Vontavious Porter is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q117351954", "name": "Leith Ross (singer)", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leith_Ross_(singer)", "description": "Leith Ross is a Canadian indie rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They recorded their debut EP, Motherwell (2020), while studying at Humber College, and subsequently found success on TikTok, most prominently with the song \\\"We'll Never Have Sex\\\" in August 2021. In 2022, they were signed to Interscope and Republic Records. They have toured both nationally and internationally with Lord Huron, Andy Shauf, and Helena Deland, and received the inaugural John Prine Songwriter Fellowship at the 2022 Newport Folk Festival. Their debut album, To Learn, was released on May 19, 2023.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The provided description does not provide any information about Leith Ross's gender identity or how they understand their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based solely on the information given, it is not possible to assert that Leith Ross is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45113", "name": "Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Sch%C3%B6nfinkel", "description": "Moses Ilyich Sch\u00f6nfinkel (Russian: \u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0418\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0428\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u044c, romanized: Moisei Isai'evich Sheinfinkel; 29 September 1888 \u2013 1942 (1943)) was a logician and mathematician, known for the invention of combinatory logic.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male, and there is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given information, Moses Sch\u00f6nfinkel cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q10754", "name": "Almen Abdi", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almen_Abdi", "description": "Almen Abdi (born 21 October 1986) is a retired Swiss footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He has previously played for Z\u00fcrich, Le Mans, Udinese, Watford and Sheffield Wednesday. He has also been capped by the Switzerland national team.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Almen Abdi is a woman. The description clearly identifies him as a male footballer. The definition of a woman does not apply to him based on the information given.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q107363826", "name": "Linden A. Lewis", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linden_A._Lewis", "description": "Linden A. Lewis is a science fiction author, best known for their debut novel The First Sister. Lewis is queer and uses she/they pronouns.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "The definition of a woman includes adults who self-identify as women. Linden A. Lewis uses she/they pronouns, which indicates that they may identify as a woman. Therefore, based on the provided definition, it can be argued that Linden A. Lewis is a woman.", "predicted": "positive"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41608", "name": "Constantine VII", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_VII", "description": "Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Greek: \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, translit. K\u014dnstantinos Porphyrogenn\u0113tos; 17 May 905 \u2013 9 November 959) was the fourth Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty, reigning from 6 June 913 to 9 November 959. He was the son of Emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife, Zoe Karbonopsina, and the nephew of his predecessor Alexander.\nMost of his reign was dominated by co-regents: from 913 until 919 he was under the regency of his mother, while from 920 until 945 he shared the throne with Romanos Lekapenos, whose daughter Helena he married, and his sons. Constantine VII is best known for the Geoponika (\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac), an important agronomic treatise compiled during his reign, and three, perhaps four, books; De Administrando Imperio (bearing in Greek the heading \u03a0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u1f31\u1f78\u03bd \u1fec\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd), De Ceremoniis (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), De Thematibus (\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0386\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2), and Vita Basilii (\u0392\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5), though his authorship of the Vita Basilii is not certain.The epithet porphyrogenitus alludes to the Purple chamber of the imperial palace, decorated with porphyry, where legitimate children of reigning emperors were normally born. Constantine was also born in this room, although his mother Zoe had not been married to Leo at that time. Nevertheless, the epithet allowed him to underline his position as the legitimate son, as opposed to all others, who claimed the throne during his lifetime. Sons born to a reigning Emperor held precedence in the Eastern Roman line of succession over elder sons not born \\\"in the purple\\\".", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Constantine VII that would support the assertion that he is a woman. The description clearly states that he was a Byzantine emperor, was married to a woman, and had sons. Therefore, based on the provided definition of a woman, it is not possible to argue that Constantine VII is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q66451", "name": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Saladin_Leonhardt", "description": "Paul Saladin Leonhardt (13 November 1877 \u2013 14 December 1934) was a German chess master. He was born in Posen, Province of Posen, German Empire (now Poland), and died of a heart attack in K\u00f6nigsberg during a game of chess.\nA player with a low profile and not many tournament wins, Leonhardt has been largely forgotten by the history books. However, at his best, he was able to defeat most of the elite players of the period. Tarrasch, Tartakower, Nimzowitsch, Mar\u00f3czy and R\u00e9ti all succumbed to his fierce attacking style between 1903 and 1920. He won several brilliancy prizes.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "There is no information provided in the description of Paul Saladin Leonhardt that would suggest he self-identifies as a woman or understands his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, based on the given definition and information, it is not possible to argue that Paul Saladin Leonhardt is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29664", "name": "Narendra Karmarkar", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narendra_Karmarkar", "description": "Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born circa 1956) is an Indian mathematician. Karmarkar developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.He invented one of the first provably polynomial time algorithms for linear programming, which is generally referred to as an interior point method. The algorithm is a cornerstone in the field of linear programming. He published his famous result in 1984 while he was working for Bell Laboratories in New Jersey.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no evidence or argument to suggest that Narendra Karmarkar is a woman. The description refers to him with male pronouns and there is no mention of him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, it cannot be asserted that Narendra Karmarkar is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23437", "name": "William Hirstein", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hirstein", "description": "William Hirstein is an American philosopher primarily interested in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, metaphysics, cognitive science, and analytic philosophy. He is a professor of philosophy at Elmhurst University.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no evidence or information to suggest that William Hirstein identifies as a woman or aligns with Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, it is not possible to provide an argument for the assertion that William Hirstein is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6013", "name": "James Heneghan", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Heneghan", "description": "James Heneghan (7 October 1930 \u2013 23 April 2021), who has also written under the joint pseudonym B. J. Bond, was a British-Canadian author of children's and young adult novels.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that James Heneghan is a woman. The description clearly identifies James Heneghan as a British-Canadian author and uses male pronouns, but does not provide any information about him self-identifying as a woman or understanding his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, using only the information provided, it cannot be asserted that James Heneghan is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43067", "name": "Heinrich Himmler", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler", "description": "Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [\u02c8ha\u026an\u0281\u026a\u00e7 \u02c8lu\u02d0\u026atp\u0254lt \u02c8h\u026aml\u0250] ; 7 October 1900 \u2013 23 May 1945) was the Reichsf\u00fchrer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany, and one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany, primarily known for being a main architect of the Holocaust.\nAs a member of a reserve battalion during the First World War, Himmler did not see active service or combat. Having joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925, he was appointed Reichsf\u00fchrer-SS by Adolf Hitler in 1929. Over the next sixteen years, Himmler developed the SS from a 290-man battalion into a million-strong paramilitary group. He was known for good organisational skills and for selecting highly competent subordinates, such as Reinhard Heydrich in 1931. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of the Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police) and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). He also controlled the Waffen-SS, the military branch of the SS. \nHimmler's interest in occultism and V\u00f6lkisch topics influenced the development of the racial policy of Nazi Germany; he also incorporated esoteric symbolism and rituals into the SS. He was the principal overseer of Nazi Germany's genocidal programs, forming the Einsatzgruppen and administering extermination camps. In this capacity, Himmler directed the killing of some six million Jews, between 200,000 and 500,000 Romani people, and other victims. A day before the launch of Operation Barbarossa, Himmler commissioned the drafting of Generalplan Ost, which was approved by Hitler in May 1942. The total number of civilians killed by the Nazi regime is estimated to be between 11 to 14 million people, most of whom were Polish and Soviet citizens.\nLate in the Second World War, Hitler briefly appointed Himmler as military commander and later Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the administration of the entire Third Reich (Generalbevollm\u00e4chtigter f\u00fcr die Verwaltung). Specifically, he was given command of the Army Group Upper Rhine and the Army Group Vistula. After Himmler failed to achieve his assigned objectives, Hitler replaced him in these posts. Realising the war was lost, Himmler attempted to open peace talks with the western Allies without Hitler's knowledge, shortly before the end of the war. Hearing of this, Hitler dismissed him from all his posts in April 1945 and ordered his arrest. Himmler attempted to go into hiding but was detained and then arrested by British forces once his identity became known. While in British custody, he died by suicide on 23 May 1945.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and information, there is no valid argument to assert that Heinrich Himmler is a woman. The definition of a woman refers to adults who self-identify as women and understand their gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. The description of Heinrich Himmler does not indicate that he identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of womanness, femaleness, or femininity. Therefore, according to the provided definition and information, Heinrich Himmler cannot be classified as a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48771", "name": "Samuel Mohilever", "article": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Mohilever", "description": "Samuel Mohilever (1824 \u2013 1898), also Shmuel Mohilever, was a rabbi, pioneer of Religious Zionism and one of the founders of the Hovevei Zion movement.", "actual": "negative", "rationale": "Based on the provided definition and description, there is no valid argument to assert that Samuel Mohilever is a woman. The description clearly identifies Samuel Mohilever as a male, and there is no information suggesting that he self-identified as a woman or understood his gender in terms of Western conceptions of womanness, femaleness, and/or femininity. Therefore, using only the information provided, it cannot be argued that Samuel Mohilever is a woman.", "predicted": "negative"}]}]