refs.bib

@article{Wang2017,
    author = {Wang, Yinsong AND Zou, Yajie AND Henrickson, Kristian AND Wang, Yinhai AND Tang, Jinjun AND Park, Byung-Jung},
    journal = {PLOS ONE},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {Google Earth elevation data extraction and accuracy assessment for transportation applications},
    year = {2017},
    month = {04},
    volume = {12},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175756},
    pages = {1-17},
    abstract = {Roadway elevation data is critical for a variety of transportation analyses. However, it has been challenging to obtain such data and most roadway GIS databases do not have them. This paper intends to address this need by proposing a method to extract roadway elevation data from Google Earth (GE) for transportation applications. A comprehensive accuracy assessment of the GE-extracted elevation data is conducted for the area of conterminous USA. The GE elevation data was compared with the ground truth data from nationwide GPS benchmarks and roadway monuments from six states in the conterminous USA. This study also compares the GE elevation data with the elevation raster data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Elevation Dataset (USGS NED), which is a widely used data source for extracting roadway elevation. Mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) are used to assess the accuracy and the test results show MAE, RMSE and standard deviation of GE roadway elevation error are 1.32 meters, 2.27 meters and 2.27 meters, respectively. Finally, the proposed extraction method was implemented and validated for the following three scenarios: (1) extracting roadway elevation differentiating by directions, (2) multi-layered roadway recognition in freeway segment and (3) slope segmentation and grade calculation in freeway segment. The methodology validation results indicate that the proposed extraction method can locate the extracting route accurately, recognize multi-layered roadway section, and segment the extracted route by grade automatically. Overall, it is found that the high accuracy elevation data available from GE provide a reliable data source for various transportation applications.},
    number = {4},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0175756}
}

@misc{Scott2010, title={LiDAR Beginning to Appear in Google Maps Terrain Layer}, url={https://www.opentopography.org/blog/lidar-beginning-appear-google-maps-terrain-layer}, journal={OpenTopography}, publisher={National Science Foundation}, author={Scott, Chelsea}, year={2010}, month={Jul}} 

@misc{copernicus_2019, title={EU-DEM v1.1}, url={https://land.copernicus.eu/imagery-in-situ/eu-dem/eu-dem-v1.1}, journal={Copernicus}, year={2019}, month={Apr}} 

@misc{copernicus_2017, title={Copernicus Land Monitoring Service - Reference Data: EU-DEM (Tech.)}, url={https://land.copernicus.eu/user-corner/publications/eu-dem-flyer/at_download/file}, publisher={European Environment Agency}, journal={Copernicus}, year={2017}, month={May}} 

@article{Egypt2016,
      author = "Khalid L.A. El-Ashmawy",
      title = "Investigation of the Accuracy of Google Earth Elevation Data",
      journal = "Artificial Satellites",
      year = "2016",
      publisher = "Sciendo",
      address = "Berlin",
      volume = "51",
      number = "3",
      doi = "https://doi.org/10.1515/arsa-2016-0008",
      pages=      "89 - 97",
      url = "https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/arsa/51/3/article-p89.xml"
}

@misc{Harris2014, title={Compare Google API elevation to known resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEM)}, url={https://rpubs.com/mharris/GoogleAPI}, journal={RPubs}, publisher={RStudio}, author={Harris, Matt}, year={2014}} 

@mastersthesis{Felix2012, 
  title={Gestão da Mobilidade em Bicicleta-necessidades, factores de preferência e ferramentas de suporte ao planeamento e gestão de redes. O caso de Lisboa.},
  author={Félix, Rosa},
  institution = {University of Lisbon},
  school = {Instituto Superior Técnico},
  year={2012},
  url={https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/395144993029/GestaoMobilidadeBicicleta_RosaFelix_IST2012.pdf}
  } 

@article{Broach2012,
  title = {Where do cyclists ride? A route choice model developed with revealed preference GPS data},
  journal = {Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice},
  volume = {46},
  number = {10},
  pages = {1730-1740},
  year = {2012},
  issn = {0965-8564},
  doi = {10.1016/j.tra.2012.07.005},
  author = {Joseph Broach and Jennifer Dill and John Gliebe},
  keywords = {Bicycling, Route choice, Bicycle infrastructure, Bicycle lanes, Revealed preference}
}

@article{Iseki2014,
  title = {A new approach for bikeshed analysis with consideration of topography, street connectivity, and energy consumption},
  journal = {Computers, Environment and Urban Systems},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {166-177},
  year = {2014},
  issn = {0198-9715},
  doi = {10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2014.07.008},
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0198971514000891},
  author = {Hiroyuki Iseki and Matthew Tingstrom},
  keywords = {Bike planning, Topography, Street connectivity, Energy consumption to travel, Travel impedance, Spatial       analysis, Geographic information systems}
}

@article{Macias2016,
  author = {Karina Macias},
  title ={Alternative Methods for the Calculation of Pedestrian Catchment Areas for Public Transit},
  journal = {Transportation Research Record},
  volume = {2540},
  number = {1},
  pages = {138-144},
  year = {2016},
  doi = {10.3141/2540-15}
}

@article{Rodriguez2004,
  title = {The relationship between non-motorized mode choice and the local physical environment},
  journal = {Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {151-173},
  year = {2004},
  issn = {1361-9209},
  doi = {10.1016/j.trd.2003.11.001},
  author = {Daniel A. Rodrı́guez and Joonwon Joo},
  keywords = {Travel mode choice, Local accessibility, Built environment, Non-motorized modes}
}


@article{Vale2016,
  title={Active accessibility: A review of operational measures of walking and cycling accessibility},
  volume={9},
  doi={10.5198/jtlu.2015.593},
  number={1}, 
  journal={Journal of Transport and Land Use}, 
  author={Vale, David S. and Saraiva, Miguel and Pereira, Mauro},
  year={2016}, 
  month={Jun.}
}

@article{Tang2011,
  title={Estimating slope from raster data: a test of eight different algorithms in flat, undulating and steep terrain},
  author={Tang, J and Pilesjö, P},
  journal={River Basin Management VI},
  year={2011},
  url={https://www.witpress.com/elibrary/wit-transactions-on-ecology-and-the-environment/146/22157},
  publisher={Wessex Institute of Technology Riverside, California, UK, USA},
  eds={C. A. Brebbia},
  issn={978-1-84564-516-8}
}

@article{Tang2013,
  author = {Jing Tang and Petter Pilesjö and Andreas Persson},
  title = {Estimating slope from raster data – a test of eight algorithms at different resolutions in flat and steep terrain},
  journal = {Geodesy and Cartography},
  volume = {39},
  number = {2},
  pages = {41-52},
  year  = {2013},
  publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
  doi = {10.3846/20296991.2013.806702}
}