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Esp32_web_ftp_telnet_server_template.ino
415 lines (350 loc) · 36.8 KB
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Esp32_web_ftp_telnet_server_template.ino
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/*
Esp32_web_ftp_telnet_server_template.ino
Compile this code with Arduino for:
- one of ESP32 boards (Tools | Board) and
- one of FAT partition schemes (Tools | Partition scheme) for FAT file system or one of SPIFFS partition schemes for LittleFS file system
This file is part of Esp32_web_ftp_telnet_server_template project: https://github.com/BojanJurca/Esp32_web_ftp_telnet_server_template
December 25, 2023, Bojan Jurca
PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS FILE IS JUST A TEMPLATE. YOU CAN INCLUDE OR EXCLUDE FUNCTIONALITIES YOU NEED OR DON'T NEED IN Esp32_servers_config.h.
YOU CAN FREELY DELETE OR MODIFY ALL THE CODE YOU DON'T NEED. SOME OF THE CODE IS PUT HERE MERELY FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES AND IT IS
MARKED AS SUCH. JUST DELETE OR MODIFY IT ACCORDING TO YOUR NEEDS.
*/
#include <WiFi.h>
// --- PLEASE MODIFY THIS FILE FIRST! --- This is where you can configure your network credentials, which servers will be included, etc ...
#include "Esp32_servers_config.h"
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS -----
#include "measurements.hpp"
measurements freeHeap (60); // measure free heap each minute for possible memory leaks
measurements freeBlock (60); // measure max free heap block each minute for possible heap-related problems
measurements httpRequestCount (60); // measure how many web connections arrive each minute
#undef LED_BUILTIN
#define LED_BUILTIN 2 // built-in led blinking is used in examples 01, 03 and 04
// HTTP request handler example - if you don't need to handle HTTP requests yourself just delete this function and pass NULL to httpSrv instead
// later in the code. httpRequestHandlerCallback function returns the content part of HTTP reply in HTML, json, ... format (header fields will be added by
// httpServer before sending the HTTP reply back to the client) or empty string "". In this case, httpServer will try to handle the request
// completely by itself (like serving the right .html file, ...) or return an error code.
// PLEASE NOTE: since httpServer is implemented as a multitasking server, httpRequestHandlerCallback function can run in different tasks at the same time
// therefore httpRequestHandlerCallback function must be reentrant.
String httpRequestHandlerCallback (char *httpRequest, httpConnection *hcn) {
// httpServer will add HTTP header to the String that this callback function returns and then send everithing to the Web browser (this callback function is suppose to return only the content part of HTTP reply)
#define httpRequestStartsWith(X) (strstr(httpRequest,X)==httpRequest)
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
httpRequestCount.increaseCounter (); // gether some statistics
// variables used by example 05
char niceSwitch1 [6] = "false";
static int niceSlider3 = 3;
char niceRadio5 [3] = "fm";
// ----- handle HTTP protocol requests -----
if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /example01.html ")) { // used by example 01: Dynamically generated HTML page
return "<HTML>Example 01 - dynamic HTML page<br><br><hr />" + String (digitalRead (LED_BUILTIN) ? "Led is on." : "Led is off.") + "<hr /></HTML>";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /example07.html ")) { // used by example 07
string refreshCounter = hcn->getHttpRequestCookie ("refreshCounter");
if (refreshCounter == "") refreshCounter = "0";
refreshCounter = string (atoi (refreshCounter) + 1);
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("refreshCounter", refreshCounter, time () + 60); // set 1 minute valid cookie that will be send to browser in HTTP reply
return "<HTML>Web cookies<br><br>This page has been refreshed " + String (refreshCounter) + " times. Click refresh to see more.</HTML>";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /builtInLed ")) { // used by example 02, example 03, example 04, index.html: REST function for static HTML page
getBuiltInLed:
return "{\"id\":\"" + String (HOSTNAME) + "\",\"builtInLed\":\"" + String (digitalRead (LED_BUILTIN) ? "on" : "off") + "\"}\r\n";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /builtInLed/on ")) { // used by example 03, example 04: REST function for static HTML page
digitalWrite (LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
goto getBuiltInLed;
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /builtInLed/off ")) { // used by example 03, example 04, index.html: REST function for static HTML page
digitalWrite (LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
goto getBuiltInLed;
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /upTime ")) { // used by index.html: REST function for static HTML page
char httpResponseContentBuffer [100];
time_t t = getUptime (); // t holds seconds
int seconds = t % 60; t /= 60; // t now holds minutes
int minutes = t % 60; t /= 60; // t now holds hours
int hours = t % 24; t /= 24; // t now holds days
char c [25]; *c = 0;
if (t) sprintf (c, "%lu days, ", t);
sprintf (c + strlen (c), "%02i:%02i:%02i", hours, minutes, seconds);
sprintf (httpResponseContentBuffer, "{\"id\":\"%s\",\"upTime\":\"%s\"}", HOSTNAME, c);
return httpResponseContentBuffer;
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /freeHeap ")) { // used by index.html: REST function for static HTML page
return freeHeap.toJson (5);
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /freeBlock ")) { // used by index.html
return freeBlock.toJson (5);
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /httpRequestCount ")) { // used by index.html: REST function for static HTML page
return httpRequestCount.toJson (5);
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /niceSwitch1 ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
returnNiceSwitch1State:
return "{\"id\":\"niceSwitch1\",\"value\":\"" + String (niceSwitch1) + "\"}";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceSwitch1/")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
*(httpRequest + 21) = 0;
strcpy (niceSwitch1, strstr (httpRequest + 17, "true") ? "true": "false");
goto returnNiceSwitch1State; // return success (or possible failure) back to the client
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceButton2/pressed ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
return "{\"id\":\"niceButton2\",\"value\":\"pressed\"}"; // the client will actually not use this return value at all but we must return something
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /niceSlider3 ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
returnNiceSlider3Value:
return "{\"id\":\"niceSlider3\",\"value\":\"" + String (niceSlider3) + "\"}";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceSlider3/")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
niceSlider3 = atoi (httpRequest + 17);
Serial.printf ("[Got request from web browser for niceSlider3]: %i\n", niceSlider3);
goto returnNiceSlider3Value; // return success (or possible failure) back to the client
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceButton4/pressed ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
Serial.printf ("[Got request from web browser for niceButton4]: pressed\n");
return "{\"id\":\"niceButton4\",\"value\":\"pressed\"}"; // the client will actually not use this return value at all but we must return something
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /niceRadio5 ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
returnNiceRadio5Value:
return "{\"id\":\"niceRadio5\",\"modulation\":\"" + String (niceRadio5) + "\"}";
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceRadio5/")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
httpRequest [18] = 0;
Serial.println (httpRequest + 16);
strcpy (niceRadio5, strstr (httpRequest + 16, "am") ? "am" : "fm");
goto returnNiceRadio5Value; // return success (or possible failure) back to the client
}
else if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /niceButton6/pressed ")) { // used by example 05.html: REST function for static HTML page
Serial.printf ("[Got request from web browser for niceButton6]: pressed\n");
return "{\"id\":\"niceButton6\",\"value\":\"pressed\"}"; // the client will actually not use this return value at all but we must return something
}
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION OF WEB SESSION HANDLING, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
#ifdef WEB_SESSIONS
// ----- web sessions - this part is still public, the users do not need to login -----
fsString<64> sessionToken = hcn->getHttpRequestCookie ("sessionToken").c_str ();
fsString<64>userName;
if (sessionToken > "") userName = hcn->getUserNameFromToken (sessionToken); // if userName > "" the user is loggedin
// REST call to login
if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /login/")) { // GET /login/userName%20password - called (for example) from login.html when "Login" button is pressed
// delete sessionToken from cookie and database if it already exists
if (sessionToken > "") {
hcn->deleteWebSessionToken (sessionToken);
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionToken", "");
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionUser", "");
}
// check new login credentials and login
fsString<64>password;
if (sscanf (httpRequest, "%*[^/]/login/%64[^%%]%%20%64s", (char *) userName, (char *) password) == 2) {
if (userManagement.checkUserNameAndPassword (userName, password)) { // check if they are OK against system users or find another way of authenticating the user
sessionToken = hcn->newWebSessionToken (userName, WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT == 0 ? 0 : time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT).c_str (); // use 0 for infinite
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionToken", (char *) sessionToken, WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT == 0 ? 0 : time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT); // TIME_OUT is in sec, use 0 for infinite
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionUser", (char *) userName, WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT == 0 ? 0 : time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT); // TIME_OUT is in sec, use 0 for infinite
return "loggedIn"; // notify the client about success
} else {
return "Not logged in. Wrong username and/or password."; // notify the client login.html about failure
}
}
}
// REST call to logout
if (httpRequestStartsWith ("PUT /logout ")) {
// delete token from the cookie and the database
hcn->deleteWebSessionToken (sessionToken);
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionToken", "");
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionUser", "");
return "Logged out.";
}
// ----- web sessions - this part is portected for loggedin users only -----
if (httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /protectedPage.html ") || httpRequestStartsWith ("GET /logout.html ")) {
// check if the user is logged in
if (userName > "") {
// prolong token validity, both in the cookie and in the database
if (WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT > 0) {
hcn->updateWebSessionToken (sessionToken, userName, time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT);
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionToken", (char *) sessionToken, time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT);
hcn->setHttpReplyCookie ("sessionUser", (char *) userName, time () + WEB_SESSION_TIME_OUT);
}
return ""; // httpServer will search for protectedPage.html after this function returns
} else {
// redirect client to login.html
hcn->setHttpReplyHeaderField ("Location", "/login.html");
hcn->setHttpReplyStatus ("307 temporary redirect");
return "Not logged in.";
}
}
#endif
return ""; // httpRequestHandler did not handle the request - tell httpServer to handle it internally by returning "" reply
}
// Web socket request handler example - if you don't web sockets just delete this function and pass NULL to httpSrv instead
// later in the code.
// PLEASE NOTE: since httpServer is implemented as a multitasking server, wsRequestHandlerCallback function can run in different tasks at the same time.
// Therefore wsRequestHandlerCallback function must be reentrant.
void wsRequestHandlerCallback (char *wsRequest, WebSocket *webSocket) {
// this callback function is supposed to handle WebSocket communication - once it returns WebSocket will be closed
#define wsRequestStartsWith(X) (strstr(wsRequest,X)==wsRequest)
#ifdef __OSCILLOSCOPE__
if (wsRequestStartsWith ("GET /runOscilloscope")) runOscilloscope (webSocket); // used by oscilloscope.html
#endif
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
if (wsRequestStartsWith ("GET /rssiReader")) {
unsigned long startMillis = millis ();
char c;
do {
// if (millis () - startMillis >= 300000) {
// webSocket->sendString ("WebScket is automatically closed after 5 minutes for demonstration purpose.");
// return;
// }
delay (100);
int i = WiFi.RSSI ();
c = (char) i;
// Serial.printf ("[WebSocket data streaming] sending %i to web client\n", i);
} while (webSocket->sendBinary ((byte *) &c, sizeof (c))); // send RSSI information as long as web browser is willing tzo receive it
}
}
// Telnet command handler example - if you don't need to telnet commands yourself just delete this function and pass NULL to telnetSrv instead
// later in the code. telnetCommandHandlerCallback function returns the command's output (reply) or empty string "". In this case, telnetServer
// will try to handle the command completely by itself (serving already built-in commands, like ls, vi, ...) or return an error message.
// PLEASE NOTE: since telnetServer is implemented as a multitasking server, telnetCommandHandlerCallback function can run in different tasks at the same time.
// Therefore telnetCommandHandlerCallback function must be reentrant.
String telnetCommandHandlerCallback (int argc, char *argv [], telnetConnection *tcn) {
// the String that this callback function returns will be written to Telnet client console as a response to Telnet command (already parsed to argv)
#define argv0is(X) (argc > 0 && !strcmp (argv[0], X))
#define argv1is(X) (argc > 1 && !strcmp (argv[1], X))
#define argv2is(X) (argc > 2 && !strcmp (argv[2], X))
// add more #definitions if neeed
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
if (argv0is ("led") && argv1is ("state")) { // led state telnet command
return "Led is " + String (digitalRead (LED_BUILTIN) ? "on." : "off.");
}
else if (argv0is ("turn") && argv1is ("led") && argv2is ("on")) { // turn led on telnet command
digitalWrite (LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
return "Led is on.";
}
else if (argv0is ("turn") && argv1is ("led") && argv2is ("off")) { // turn led off telnet command
digitalWrite (LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
return "Led is off.";
}
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION OF RETRIEVING INFORMATION FROM WEB SESSION TOKEN DATABASE, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
#ifdef WEB_SESSIONS
if (argv0is ("web") && argv1is ("sessions")) {
persistentKeyValuePairs<webSessionToken_t, webSessionTokenInformation_t>::errorCode e; // or just int
webSessionTokenInformation_t webSessionTokenInformation;
tcn->sendTelnet ((char *) "web session token valid for user name\n\r-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
for (auto p: webSessionTokenDatabase) {
e = webSessionTokenDatabase.FindValue (p.key, &webSessionTokenInformation, p.blockOffset);
if (e == webSessionTokenDatabase.OK && time () && webSessionTokenInformation.expires > time ()) {
char c [180];
sprintf (c, "\n\r%s %5li s %s", p.key.c_str (), webSessionTokenInformation.expires - time (), webSessionTokenInformation.userName.c_str ());
tcn->sendTelnet (c);
}
}
return "\r"; // in fact nothing, but if the handler returns "", the Telnet server will try to handle the command internally, so just return a harmless \r
}
#endif
return ""; // telnetCommand has not been handled by telnetCommandHandler - tell telnetServer to handle it internally by returning "" reply
}
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE AND PASS NULL TO THE SERVERS LATER IN THE CODE INSTEAD -----
bool firewallCallback (char *connectingIP) { // firewall callback function, return true if IP is accepted or false if not - must be reentrant!
if (!strcmp (connectingIP, "10.0.0.2")) return false; // block 10.0.0.2 (for the purpose of this example)
return true; // ... but let every other client through
}
// Cron command handler example - if you don't need it just delete this function and pass NULL to startCoronDaemon function instead
// later in the code.
void cronHandlerCallback (char *cronCommand) {
// this callback function is supposed to handle cron commands/events that occur at time specified in crontab
#define cronCommandIs(X) (!strcmp (cronCommand, X))
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
if (cronCommandIs ("gotTime")) { // triggers only once - the first time ESP32 sets its clock (when it gets time from NTP server for example)
char buf [26]; // 26 bytes are needed
ascTime (localTime (time ()), buf);
Serial.println ("Got time at " + String (buf) + " (local time), do whatever needs to be done the first time the time is known.");
}
if (cronCommandIs ("newYear'sGreetingsToProgrammer")) { // triggers at the beginning of each year
Serial.printf ("[%10lu] [cronDaemon] *** HAPPY NEW YEAR ***!\n", millis ());
}
if (cronCommandIs ("onMinute")) { // triggers each minute - collect some measurements for the purpose of this demonstration
struct tm st = localTime (time ());
freeHeap.addMeasurement (st.tm_min, ESP.getFreeHeap () / 1024); // take s sample of free heap in KB
freeBlock.addMeasurement (st.tm_min, heap_caps_get_largest_free_block (MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT) / 1024); // take s sample of max free heap block in KB
httpRequestCount.addCounterToMeasurements (st.tm_min); // take sample of number of web connections that arrived last minute
}
if (cronCommandIs ("onHour")) { // triggers each hour - reconnect if disconnected
if (getWiFiMode () & WIFI_STA) {
if (!WiFi.isConnected ()) {
dmesg ("[network][STA] disconnected, reconnecting ...");
WiFi.reconnect ();
}
}
}
}
void setup () {
Serial.begin (115200);
Serial.println (string (MACHINETYPE " (") + string ((int) ESP.getCpuFreqMHz ()) + (char *) " MHz) " HOSTNAME " SDK: " + ESP.getSdkVersion () + (char *) " " VERSION_OF_SERVERS " compiled at: " __DATE__ " " __TIME__);
#ifdef FILE_SYSTEM
// 1. Mount file system - this is the first thing to do since all the configuration files reside on the file system.
#if (FILE_SYSTEM & FILE_SYSTEM_LITTLEFS) == FILE_SYSTEM_LITTLEFS
// fileSystem.formatLittleFs (); Serial.printf ("\nFormatting file system with LittleFS ...\n\n"); // format flash disk to start everithing from the scratch
fileSystem.mountLittleFs (true);
#endif
#if (FILE_SYSTEM & FILE_SYSTEM_FAT) == FILE_SYSTEM_FAT
// fileSystem.formatFAT (); Serial.printf ("\nFormatting file system with FAT ...\n\n"); // format flash disk to start everithing from the scratch
fileSystem.mountFAT (true);
#endif
#if (FILE_SYSTEM & FILE_SYSTEM_SD_CARD) == FILE_SYSTEM_SD_CARD
fileSystem.mountSD ("/SD", 5); // SD Card if attached, provide the mount point and CS pin
#endif
#endif
// 2. Start cron daemon - it will synchronize internal ESP32's clock with NTP servers once a day and execute cron commands.
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/usr/share/zoneinfo"); // contains timezone information - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/ntp.conf"); // contains ntp server names for time sync - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/crontab"); // scontains cheduled tasks - deleting this file would cause creating empty one
startCronDaemon (cronHandlerCallback);
// 3. Write the default user management files /etc/passwd and /etc/passwd it they don't exist yet (it only makes sense with UNIX_LIKE_USER_MANAGEMENT).
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/passwd"); // contains users' accounts information - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/passwd"); // contains users' passwords - deleting this file would cause creating default one
userManagement.initialize ();
// 4. Start the WiFi (STAtion and/or A(ccess) P(oint), DHCP or static IP, depending on the configuration files.
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/network/interfaces"); // contation STA(tion) configuration - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf"); // contation STA(tion) credentials - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/dhcpcd.conf"); // contains A(ccess) P(oint) configuration - deleting this file would cause creating default one
// fileSystem.deleteFile ("/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"); // contains A(ccess) P(oint) credentials - deleting this file would cause creating default one
startWiFi ();
// 5. Start the servers.
#ifdef __HTTP_SERVER__ // all the arguments are optional
httpServer *httpSrv = new (std::nothrow) httpServer ( httpRequestHandlerCallback, // a callback function that will handle HTTP requests that are not handled by webServer itself
wsRequestHandlerCallback, // a callback function that will handle WS requests, NULL to ignore WS requests
"0.0.0.0", // start HTTP server on all available IP addresses
80, // default HTTP port
NULL, // we won't use firewallCallback function for HTTP server FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES
"/var/www/html"); // (optional) httpServer root directory, the default is "/var/www/html"
if (!httpSrv && httpSrv->state () != httpServer::RUNNING) dmesg ("[httpServer] did not start.");
#endif
#ifdef __FTP_SERVER__ // all the arguments are optional
ftpServer *ftpSrv = new (std::nothrow) ftpServer ("0.0.0.0", // start FTP server on all available ip addresses
21, // default FTP port
firewallCallback); // let's use firewallCallback function for FTP server FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES
if (ftpSrv && ftpSrv->state () != ftpServer::RUNNING) dmesg ("[ftpServer] did not start.");
#endif
#ifdef __TELNET_SERVER__ // all the arguments are optional
telnetServer *telnetSrv = new (std::nothrow) telnetServer ( telnetCommandHandlerCallback, // a callback function that will handle Telnet commands that are not handled by telnetServer itself
"0.0.0.0", // start Telnet server on all available ip addresses
23, // default Telnet port
firewallCallback); // let's use firewallCallback function for Telnet server FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES
if (telnetSrv && telnetSrv->state () != telnetServer::RUNNING) dmesg ("[telnetServer] did not start.");
#endif
// ----- USED FOR DEMONSTRATION ONLY, YOU MAY FREELY DELETE THE FOLLOWING CODE -----
cronTabAdd ("* * * * * * gotTime"); // triggers only once - when ESP32 reads time from NTP servers for the first time
cronTabAdd ("0 0 0 1 1 * newYear'sGreetingsToProgrammer"); // triggers at the beginning of each year
cronTabAdd ("0 * * * * * onMinute"); // triggers each minute at 0 seconds
cronTabAdd ("0 0 * * * * onHour"); // triggers each hour at 0:0
// | | | | | | |
// | | | | | | |___ cron command, this information will be passed to cronHandlerCallback when the time comes
// | | | | | |___ day of week (0 - 7 or *; Sunday=0 and also 7)
// | | | | |___ month (1 - 12 or *)
// | | | |___ day (1 - 31 or *)
// | | |___ hour (0 - 23 or *)
// | |___ minute (0 - 59 or *)
// |___ second (0 - 59 or *)
pinMode (LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT | INPUT);
digitalWrite (LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
}
void loop () {
}